Bugulma-Belebey Upland

The Bugulma - Belebeier heights (Russian Бугульминско - Белебеевская возвышенность, Bugulminsko - Belebejewskaja woswyschennost ) are about 200 to 400 m high system of mountain ranges in Russia between the middle Volga, their addition to the Kama River and its tributary Belaya.

Geography and Geology

The in north-south direction for about 350 and the east-west direction for about 250 km extending Bugulma Belebeier - ups consist mainly of stepwise rising, flat hills. They are named after the cities located in its central part and Bugulma Belebei. The individual ridges are separated by relatively deeply incised river valleys and extend predominantly in northwest -southeast direction. The main axis runs approximately from Kamskije Polyany on the Kama towards Kumertau. The with 422.4 m above sea level The highest elevation is about 20 kilometers east of Belebei. In the southeast the Bugulma - Belebeier go altitudes above without sharp demarcation in the ridge Obschtschi Syrt.

In Bugulma - Belebeier heights has a plurality of left tributaries of the Volga, Kama and Belaya their origin ( from the southwest clockwise): Large Kinel ( Bolshoi Kinel, tributary of the Samara ), Sok with Kondurtscha, Big Cheremshan ( Bolshoi Cheremshan ) Scheschma, Ik, Sjun and Djoma.

The mountain ranges are formed mainly of limestone, sand and mudstone. The outcropping strata are from the Paleogene and Paleozoic cover sediments ( Devonian to Permian). The basement has particularly from the northern part of the Bugulma - Belebeier heights a dome-shaped vaulted structure, the Tatar dome (Russian Tatarski SWOD ) is called.

In the area of ​​Bugulma - Belebeier heights predominate forest steppe and steppe landscapes, which are mostly used for agricultural purposes; the higher elevations are often forested.

The heights take the southwest part of the Republic of Tatarstan to the west of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the north-east of Samara Oblast and the north of the Orenburg Oblast. Other important cities in the Bugulma - Belebeier heights except the eponymous are Almetyevsk and Leninogorsk in Tatarstan, Bashkortostan and Oktyabrsky and Tuimasy in Buguruslan in the Orenburg Oblast.

Economy and infrastructure

The most important economic factor is the affiliation of the Bugulma - Belebeier highs for oil and natural gas production region between the Volga and the Ural, which was celebrated at his discovery at the end of the 1920s as the " Second Baku ". In the heights are so important deposits such Romaschkinskoje (west of Almetyevsk ) Nowojelchowskoje, Tuimasinskoje, Bawlinskoje, Schpakowskoje and Buguruslanskoje that were discovered from the 1940s.

The Bugulma - Belebeier heights of the railway line Samara - Tschischmy crosses from west to east - Ufa - Chelyabinsk, part of the southern route of the Trans-Siberian Railway, as well as the route Ulyanovsk. From the latter at branches from a Bugulma in leading through the region north to Naberezhnye Chelny and on track. The central part of the high places also crosses the highway M5, the main link between Moscow and the Urals and Siberia.