Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai

Chita (Russian Чита ) is a city in Russia and capital of the Trans-Baikal region on the Trans-Siberian Railway with 324 444 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ) in south-eastern Siberia.

2.1 Jews in Chita and in its region
2.2 Demographics

Geography

Chita is located in the central part of the Trans-Baikal in Jablonowygebirge.

Population and Boroughs

Chita has 307 081 inhabitants (calculated from 1 January 2009 ) and is divided into four Stadtrajons: Ingodinski ( 68 484 inhabitants), Schelesnodoroschny ( 47 023 ), Tschernowski ( 80 974 ) and Zentralny ( 109 653 ).

Climate

Architecture

The town center in Chita is characterized by parallel streets that intersect at right angles. This road as from the drawing board is rare in Russia. Architecturally meet each other in Chita many styles. Dominating is the typical Fünfetagenbau ( Chruschtschowka ) from the Soviet era. In contrast to these Soviet traces Chita is built but also with a number of individual houses, which were mostly built in wood.

History

The history of the city began with a winter camp in 1653, when Cossacks camped at the confluence of the Chita and Ingoda. A permanent settlement was established by 1675th Its location also came in 1699 added a Ostrog. A first development was boosted at the time of the small town in 1825, as the Decembrists, Petersburg officers, had been banished because of a failed coup attempt behind the Lake Baikal and settled in Chita. But the real boom came in 1903 - at that time the route of the Trans-Siberian Railway reached the city. 1920-1922 Chita was the capital of the Far Eastern Republic, until 2008 the Oblast Chita.

In Chita, there was the command of the Trans-Baikal Military District. He was also responsible for the Soviet troop contingent in the neighboring Mongolian People's Republic and significant expansion during the 1960s due to the Sino- Soviet rift. The forces of the Soviet Army in the border region against China involving some 15 Divisions high preparedness level and medium-range nuclear missiles.

Chita is a twin city (or " twin-city " in Russian parlance) of Boise, Idaho in the USA.

Jews in Chita and in its region

The first Jews arrived in the second half of the 19th century because of the silver mines and the position on the trade routes to Chita. In the census of 1897, there were about 8,000 Jews in Transbaikalia and in Chita about 1200.

Demographics

Note: Census data (1926 rounded)

Economy

The economy is characterized by the connection to the Trans-Siberian Railway and relies mainly on mechanical engineering and metal processing, lignite and trade with the People's Republic of China. The Trans-Baikal region has the status of a special economic zone.

Sports

In the city the football club FK Chita is located.

Further education institutions

Faculty of the East-Siberian State Academy of Culture and Arts
Branch of the State Agricultural Academy Irkutsk
Branch of the State Academy of Economics Irkutsk
Institute of Engineers of rail transport Transbaikalia
Institute for Entrepreneurship Transbaikalia
State Medical Academy Chita
Chita State University
State Humanitarian - Pedagogical Nikolai Chernyshevsky Gawrilowitsch University of Transbaikal Chita

Sons and daughters of the town

Yemelyan Yaroslavsky, politician and journalist
Natalya Kuksina, wrestler
Wil Lipatow, writer
Oleg Lundstrem, jazz musician and orchestra leader
Maria Ovsiankina, psychologist
Anatoli Pepeljajew, general and White Guard
Anastasia Piwowarowa, tennis player
Anatoly Sobchak, a reform politician and mayor of Saint Petersburg
Vitaly Solomin, actor
Lyudmila Titova, former speed skater and Olympic gold medalist
Dmitri Volkogonov, Colonel General, philosophy professor and historian

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