Epanomi

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Epanomi (Greek Επανομή ( f sg ) ) is a town in the northwest of the Chalkidiki peninsula a few kilometers from the coast of the Thermaikos Bay. Although Epanomi is located in the geographic region of Halkidiki, Epanomi is part of the Regional District Thessaloniki and also forms the southwestern corner of the metropolitan area of ​​Thessaloniki.

Administrative structure

The small town was founded in 1918 Epanomi recognized as a rural community ( kinotita ) collected (up to 1940 with the notation Επανωμή ), expanded in the following decades by several surrounding settlements and 1994 township ( dimos ). With the entry into force of the Greek Local Government Reform Act 1997, the neighboring community Mesimeri was added; the city became the seat Epanomi this community. Mesimeri is located east-southeast of the small town Epanomi at a distance of 7 km as the crow. In autumn 1998, elections were held for the representation of the people in the community Epanomi first time. With the administrative reform in 2010 Epanomi was incorporated together with the neighboring municipality of Thermaikos Mihaniona in the community, where it has since formed one of the three municipal districts.

Population

The community Epanomi had at the last Greek census in 2011 a population of 10,810. Mesimeri, in contrast to the 8,979 inhabitants of the small town of only 1,842 inhabitants Epanomi. 1991 lived in the area of the then independent municipalities Epanomi and Mesimeri 1,831 inhabitants. In 1981 there were 761 inhabitants in Mesimeri and in Epanomi 4,908 inhabitants. In consonance with the other municipalities in the metropolitan area of ​​Thessaloniki, a population growth has occurred in the last decade of the 20th century.

Geography and environment

The territory of the municipality Epanomi extends from the coast of the Thermaikos Gulf in the west into the interior of the Chalkidiki peninsula to the east and bordering it to the north by the municipalities Mihaniona and Thermaikos, in the northeast and east by the municipalities of Thermaikos and Mikra, and on the south by the Kallikratia community, which is already inherent to the Regional District Chalkidiki. The Port of Epanomi Epanomis scale, is 4 km away in a straight line to the southwest of the center of Epanomi. The area of ​​the municipality is on the Gulf of Thermaikos Epanomi flat. To the NE and east the land rises by hills and foothills of the mountain Kalavros to more than 100 m above sea level. Epanomis the center has a height of 40 m, the center of Mesimeri a height of 124 m above sea level. The part of the Thermaikos Gulf from Cape Megalo Karaburnu in the north to Cape Epanomi in the south is also known as Gulf of Epanomi or Bay of Epanomi since the two headlands to the Cape and Cape Megalo Karaburnu Epanomis divide this part of the Thermaikos Gulf.

In the southwest of the municipal area (5 km straight line from the center Epanomis ) there is a lagoon ( Limnothalassa Epanomis; Tsairi ), which remains one of the Greek Ornithological Society views on the important areas with birds in Greece The designated area covers an area of ​​450 hectares and consists of low sand dunes, salt marshes and the lagoon itself and even from sandy beaches directly on the Gulf of Thermaikos. At national and international level, this area is particularly protected, particularly as part of the Natura 2000 program of the European Union. In the focus of public attention the lagoon in 2006 came with the outbreak of the H5N1 virus. The lagoon together with the reserve is on an aligned to West southwest flat peninsula of Halkidiki, which extends into the Thermaic Gulf as described before and ends in Cape Epanomi.

The municipality has no year-round water-bearing rivers. Similarly, no lakes can be found.

The distance from Epanomi to Thessaloniki in the north is 22 km, of Epanomi to Thessaloniki Airport to the north- northwest at 11 km and Epanomi to the neighboring resort of Nea Mihaniona in the Northwest 7 km from Nea Moudania in the southeast 37 km (all figures crow flies).

History

The territory of the municipality Epanomi belonged in ancient times to the landscape Krusis, which included the western tip of the Chalkidiki peninsula to the Cape Megalo Karaburnu and extending into the interior as far as the hills of the Kalavros. In the western part of the landscape Krusis the settlement area of ​​the city was Aineia (Greek Αἴνεια ), which today would include the western and northwestern parts of the municipality of Epanomi. The city Aineia lay on the Cape Megalo Karaburnu, the northern boundary of the Bay of Epanomi. Their settlement area extended to the east and south along the coast of the Bay of Epanomi. Just south of the Cape Epanomi were the ancient settlements and Skapsa Smila, the latter of which was the present-day municipality of Epanomi the next. Inland, in the area of today's Mesimeri and Kato Scho Lario, the ancient settlements of Tinde and Kithas were.

The first certain mention of Aineia comes from Herodotus. In the 6th century BC silver coins are minted by the city Aineia. Ainia and Skapsa belonged since the beginning of the Alliance for the Delian League. Tinde, Kithas and Smila however, be mentioned in the tribute lists of the Athenian confederacy until the 30s of the 5th century BC. When you drop the Chalcidian or chalkidikischen cities from Delian League 432 BC, the city remained Ainia and thus also the area around the church today Epanomi the Delian League and stood with Athens against the run of the city of Olynthus Chalkidikischen covenant. Meanwhile, further expansion has probably ended the affiliation of Aineai the Delian League 382 BC. A certain knowledge here on is not available. With the defeat of the Federal Chalkidikischen at Olynthus in its conquest and destruction by Philip II 348/349 before Christ comes Aineia like the whole other area of Halkidiki under control of the Kingdom of Macedon. With the establishment of Thessaloniki in 315 BC Aineia loses some of its population to the new foundation. During the Roman -Macedonian Wars 168 BC to the existence of Aineia is preserved.

Economy

The economic main activities of the inhabitants of the municipality Epanomi are agriculture and tourism. In agriculture, the cultivation of wine plays a special role. The production of pomace brandy raki in Epanomi has a longer tradition.

Traffic

In the east Epanomis in close proximity to Mesimeri runs north to the southeast, the National Road 67, which leads from Thessaloniki to Nea Moudania. This, meanwhile, is developed as a four-lane highway. In addition Epanomi is connected by paved roads to the Greek road network, which carries the brunt of the public (buses, such as KTEL or OASTH ) as well as of private. A railway connection has not Epanomi. However, there are considerations and plans analogous to the Athens metropolitan area of ​​Thessaloniki with a mass transit railway system ( comparable to the German S -Bahn ) to be provided. A case be thought route would lead from Thessaloniki to Nea Moudania about Epanomi. A short or even medium-term realization is not expected due to the cost due to the topographical conditions.