Goleniów
Goleniów [ gɔlɛɲuf ] ( German Gollnow ) is a city in Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship.
- 5.1 Sons and daughters of the town
- 5.2 In the village had
- 9.1 Literature
- 9.2 External links
- 9.3 footnotes
Geographical location
The city lies in Eastern Pomerania in the Puszcza Goleniowska ( Goleniowska Bürgerheide ) on the Ina River ( Ihna ). It is located about 20 km north of Stettin ( Szczecin), 10 km east of the dam 's lake ( Dąbie ) and 50 km south of Kamien Pomorski ( Pomerania ).
History
Middle Ages
In the 10th century there were the first settlements in the area of the present town. Around 1190 came first Saxon colonists. 1268 gave the Pomeranian Duke Barnim I said until then Vredeheide place Magdeburg Rights in the adapted by him Szczecin form. The city was in line with the surrounding they Golinogheide the name Gollnow. Duke Otto I changed 1314 the town right in the right to Lubeck. Since the 14th century there was in Gollnow a school where Latin was apparently also be learned. Chance emerged since the 14th century at the University of Prague students from Gollnow on, and later in Erfurt, Leipzig and Rostock.
Around this time Gollnow was already a member of the Hanseatic League and was to promote his trade in 1339 duty-free for the rivers Ihna and Peene. As the city on the lower reaches of the Ihna was, she could control the whole river. So, for example, the town 20 kilometers upstream location Stargard had to buy the free passage for a lot of money. Due to these favorable conditions Gollnow reached considerable prosperity. The importance of the city was confirmed by the 1383 awarded mint money. Until the 18th century grain, timber and salt trade were the dominant economic factors.
Sweden time
During the Swedish rule in the years 1630 to 1720, the economy experienced a significant decline. 1684 had to be arbitrated a dispute between the cities of Szczecin, Stargard and Gollnow because of navigational rights.
The Peace of Stockholm Gollnow came in 1720 to Prussia. From 1733 to 1755 this was the garrison of the dragoon regiment 5 " Bayreuth ".
19th and 20th centuries
With the introduction of the Prussian administrative reform after the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the town in the district of Pomerania was annexed ( 1818 ). The economic life flourished again, as Gollnow in 1882 and 1892 connected to the railway lines to Kolberg the Altdamm - Colberger Railway Company and Kammin. Thus, the population increased from 1850 to 1890 by 60% to 8,000. In the city garrison was from 1833 to 1849 for the Colbergsche Grenadier Regiment Graf Gneisenau ( 2 Pommersches ) No. 9 and later field artillery for a department No. 2
The economic life was dominated by industrial firms in the textile and paper production and wood processing, in particular, founded by Willi Laabs 1913 Furniture Manufacturer WILAGO.
In 1930 the boundaries of the city Gollnow had a surface area of 109.3 km ², and in the metropolitan area stood together 985 houses in 43 different places of residence:
In 1925 were in Gollnow 11,624 inhabitants, including 122 Catholics and 45 Jews counted, which were distributed to 2,938 households.
After 1945
At the conquest Gollnows by the Red Army in the spring of 1945, the city was largely destroyed. Survived from before the war are few older buildings, including the St. Catherine's Church, the town hall and the post office. It was after the German population had fled partly placed under Polish administration and renamed in 1946 in Goleniów. The remaining Germans were expelled or deported later because of Bierut Decrees.
1946 only 1,700 people lived in the city, which in 1954 was the seat of a Powiats and 1957 again already counted 9000 inhabitants. 1975 lost Goleniów before an administrative reform the seat of Powiats, but received it again in 1999. Building on the tradition as a Hanseatic city in 2005, the first Hanse Festival in Goleniów took place.
At the Ina, not far from the old post office, town residents have a spacious market area with many stalls available, where to offer dealers on weekdays fresh fruit and vegetables, groceries, household goods and cheap goods such as clothing and shoes.
Development of the population
Economy
In the village is a subsidiary of the wind turbine manufacturer folk wind.
Traffic
By Goleniów the national road 3 leads ( Droga Krajowa 3) of Świnoujście ( Swinoujscie ) to Stettin (Szczecin), which up here the course of the former imperial road 111 follows. North of the city branches off the Droga Krajowa 6 ( former R2 ) towards Nowogardzka (and further to Koszalin ) from which is to be expanded in the future expressway Droga ekspresowa S6.
Directly through the city center runs the Droga wojewódzka 113 of Święta after Maszewo ( Massow ). From this the Droga wojewódzka 112 (DW 112) branches off to the Stepnica ( Stepenitz ).
Northeast about five kilometers away is the airport Szczecin - Goleniów.
In Goleniów the railway lines forks 370/372 ( Szczecin - Świnoujście ) and 375 ( Goleniów - Koszalin ).
After Pomerania led the opened on December 14, 1903 Naugarder range of small cars, the later Naugarder tracks. Goleniów has a station on the railway line Szczecin Dabie - Świnoujście.
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the town
- Georg von Zastrow (1846-1907), German officer, most recently Major General and commander of Mainz
- Raphael Silberstein (1873-1926), German physician hygiene and local politicians in the Berlin district of Neukölln
- Margaret Beutler (1876-1949), German poet, writer and translator
- Kurt Leese (1887-1965), German pastor and philosopher of religion
- Werner Kollath (1892-1970), German bacteriologist, hygienist and nutritionists, pioneer of whole food nutrition
- Günther Marks (1897-1978), German church musician, cantor, educator, organist and composer
- Erich Spiegel (1919-1984), German politician, in May 1945 the Mayor of Szczecin
- Manfred Harder (1936-2006), German economist
- Helga Paris (* 1938), German photographer, everyday life and social criticism photographs created in the GDR
- Christof Ziemer (* 1941), German Lutheran theologian, leading figure of the peace movement in the GDR
- Klaus Michaelis ( * 1944 ), German lawyer, former member of the Board of the German Federal Pension Insurance
- Marek Leśniak ( b. 1964 ), Polish footballer
In the village had
- David Crolle, Lutheran theologian
- Julius Jordan (1813-1893), a Prussian official
- Hermann man (1831-1914), German philologist, Rector of the Higher School for Boys in Gollnow
- Dross Otto (1861-1916), German writer and high school teacher
- William Bacon (1861-1925), writer, poet, evangelical pastor and educator, chaplain in Gollnow
- Alfred Finke (1888-1971), mayor from 1920 to 1921
- Marloh Otto (1893-1964), German officer
Attractions
- Little remains of the medieval city wall with an integrated circular Fangelturm and - a few meters away - octagonal Münzturm ( between the Ihna and St. Catherine's Church located ).
- Wolin Gate: Gate of the 15th century, the only surviving of the four original existing gates ( located near St. Catherine's Church ). The tower of the gate is 25 meters high and has five floors. The building is currently (2010) used as a cultural center.
- St. Catherine's Church: a late Gothic brick church hall, which was built in 1865.
Twin Cities
- Bergen auf Rügen ( Germany, Mecklenburg- Vorpommern)
- Greifswald ( Germany, Mecklenburg- Vorpommern)
- Guryevsk (Russia)
- Mölln ( Germany, Schleswig -Holstein)
- Opmeer (Netherlands)
- Pyrzyce (Poland )
- Svedala (Sweden)
Gmina Goleniów
The urban and rural community Goleniów divided adjacent to the main town of the same name in the following districts ( sołectwo ):
- Białuń ( Gollnowshagen )
- Bolechowo ( Diedrich village)
- Borzysławiec ( Luis valley )
- Budno ( Buddenhof )
- Burowo ( Burow )
- Czarna Łąka ( Bergland )
- Danowo ( Jakobsdorf )
- Glewice ( Glewitz )
- Imno ( Immenthal )
- Kąty ( Kattenhof )
- Kliniska Wielkie (Great Christine Berg )
- Komarowo ( Karlshof )
- Krepsko ( Hackenwalde )
- Lubczyna ( Lübzin )
- Łaniewo ( Long neck)
- Łozienica ( Neuhof near Gollnow )
- Marszewo (Mars village)
- Miękowo (Munich village)
- Modrzewie ( Grünhorst )
- Mosty ( bacon)
- Niewiadowo ( Harmsdorf )
- Podańsko ( Puddenzig )
- Pucice ( Oberhof )
- Rurzyca ( Rörchen )
- Stawno (Steve Hagen)
- Święta ( Langenberg )
- Tarnowiec ( New Lüttkenhagen )
- Tarnówko ( Lüttkenhagen )
- Wierzchosław ( Amalienhof )
- Zalom ( Arnimswalde )
- Żdżary ( Eichberg )
- Żółwia Bloc ( Barefoot village)
- Other localities:
- Bącznik ( Dickmühl )
- Bolesławice (Prince's Flag )
- Bystra ( Bergland )
- Dobroszyn ( Sophienthal )
- Domastryjewo ( Domstreichsberg )
- Gniazdowo ( Hölkenhorst )
- Grabina
- Ininka
- Inoujscie ( Ihnamünde )
- Iwno ( Ibenhorst )
- Kamieniska
- Kępy Lubczyńskie ( Hunting Kamp )
- Kłosowice (blank field )
- Krzewno (F. Lüttkenheide )
- Lesko ( Under Charles Bach)
- Mosty - Osiedle
- Nadrzecze
- Niedamierz ( Boot Hill)
- Przepiórki
- Pucie ( Püttkrug )
- Pucko
- Rurka ( Rörchen )
- Smolniki
- Smolno
- Warcisławiec ( United Sophienthal )
- Trzebuskie Legi
- Twarogi (F. average desired )
- Zaborze ( Horst Lange )
- Zabród ( Schönwerder )
- Zamęcie
- Żółwia
Abandoned: Burówko, Czołpino, Dębniki, Dębolesie, Inina, Inoujście, Janiszewo, Jedliny, Kalikowice, Kiełpinek, Kiełpinica, Łękinia, Marłecz, Mokrzenica, Niedamierz, Pątlica, Raduń, Przerośliny, Roztocze, Rybaki Lubczyńskie, Rzęśnica, Starbiszewo, Trawica, Trzebuń, Załąki Duże, Załąki Małe Zdrojewo, Zgorznica.