Grigory Grumm-Grzhimaylo
Grigori Efimovich Grum - Grschimailo (Russian Григорий Ефимович Грум - Гржимайло; scientific transliteration Grigorii Efimovič Grum - Gržimajlo; surname also Грумм-Гржимайло/Grumm-Grschimailo; * 5 Februarjul / February 17 1860greg in Saint Petersburg, .. † March 3rd 1936 in Leningrad) was a Russian geographer, zoologist and explorer.
Life and work
Grigori Grum - Grschimailo was born in the family of economists. In 1884 he completed his studies at the natural history section of the Physico- Mathematical Faculty of the State University of Saint Petersburg. While still a student, he made a first trip to the Kalmyk steppes to the study of lepidopterological fauna of the area.
First Travel
Between 1884 and 1887 traveled Grum - Grschimailo the Pamir and the west and north following mountains:
The results of these trips were, inter alia, in the books description, which borders on the Pamir countries (1886, Russian) and Le Pamir et sa faune lépidoptérologique (1890, french, Volume IV published by the Grand Duke Nikolai Mikhailovich Romanov and historian Mémoires sur les lépidoptères ) published.
China Expedition
After a trip to the Middle Urals in the summer of 1888, Grum - Grschimailo conducted from 1889 to 1890 a larger expedition through the Dzungaria, Xinjiang and Gansu. The route led from Werny about Yining, Dihua and Suzhou to the area of Lanzhou and back. From the expedition of the Kuku -Nor - Lake has been reached, crosses the central part of the Nan Shan and the first time the character of the Turfan Depression Depression by measuring the altitude of 130 meters below sea level occupied ( present-day giving 154 m). The results of the expedition were published in the three-volume description of the trip to West China (1896-1907, Russian).
Subsequent trips
Between 1903 and 1914 undertook Grum - Grschimailo a number of other research trips through various border areas of Russia and adjacent countries:
From 1920 to 1931 Grum - Grschimailo was Vice President of the Geographical Society of the USSR. During this time he also worked as a lecturer in Cultural Studies of Asia at different Leningrad universities. In 1928 he was awarded the title of Honored Scientist of the RSFSR.
After Grum - Grschimailo one discovered by him, about 30 km long glacier at nearly 7,000 meters high in the Pamir Pik Revolution, a glacier in Tawan Bogd - Uul massif of the Altai and a pass in Sikhote -Alin are named.
Grigori Grum - Grschimailo was the brother of primarily active in the Ural metallurgy engineer Vladimir Grum - Grschimailo, the more developed the Bessemer process and other methods of steel production and adapting to the realities of Russia.
Works
(Selection, in addition to the mentioned in the text )
- Report on my trip to the Alai region (1885, German )
- Report on my trip to the eastern Bukhara (1887, German )
- Description of agriculture in Turkestan (1886, Russian)
- Description of the Amur region (1894, Russian; comprehensive monograph )
- The western Mongolia and the Urjanchaigebiet (1914-1930, Russian; monograph in 3 volumes )
Besides wrote Grum - Grschimailo a variety of articles on zoological, especially lepidepterologischen topics as well as to political and historical geography and ethnography of Mongolia and other regions of Central Asia. He was co-author of the Brockhaus - Efron, the quasi- State Encyclopedia of Czarist Russia.