International Ski Federation
The Fédération Internationale de Ski ( FIS abbreviated ) is the International Ski Federation. The seat of the Association is located in Oberhofen in Switzerland. The abbreviation FIS is used in all languages. The jurisdiction of the FIS affects both the width and the top-level sport, it shall adopt, for example, the FIS rules for behavior on ski slopes.
Currently 110 member associations are connected.
- 4.1 Olympic Winter Games
- 4.2 World Championships
- 4.3 Continental Championships
- 4.4 Other major events
- 5.1 World Cup
- 5.2 unterklassige race
- 6.1 disciplines
- 6.2 events
- 7.1 President
History
The establishment of the predecessor association CIS ( International Skikommission ) was adopted on 18 February 1910 in Christiania (NOR ) of delegates from ten countries. A year later, in March 1911, the first internationally accepted guidelines were adopted.
- On February 2, 1924, in Chamonix during the " International Winter Sports Week ", which would later be recognized as I. Winter Olympic Games decided by 36 delegates from 14 countries, the establishment of the FIS, which replaced the CIS.
- Initially, the FIS looked only responsible for the Nordic skiing. After the Scandinavian countries had given up their resistance, 1930, but decided to also include alpine skiing ( downhill, slalom and Alpine combined ) to the rules, and at the request of Britain, what the British ski pioneer Arnold Lunn as co-founder of the Arlberg - Kandahar race played a significant role. The simple phrase " Downhill and Slalom races can be aligned " was enshrined in the rules - a sentence that would change the sport of skiing sustainable.
- In 1967, the introduction of the Alpine World Cup was decided. In addition, the Congress declared that the FIS is responsible for all types of skiing, in which one moves away from the interaction of muscle and gravity and running on the ground or any other kind of natural or artificial surface.
- Two years later, in 1979, the Ski Jumping World Cup was introduced, grass skiing and ski acrobatics were recognized as disciplines.
- In the last 10 years, several minor changes to the rules, competitions and disciplines have been made.
Structure
The FIS is organized in several organs, each of which come certain responsibilities. Distinction can be drawn here primarily in the decision-making bodies and in the advisory bodies.
Decision-making bodies
The Congress, the highest organ within the FIS, went to 2008 a total of 46 times together, usually every two years. In addition to perform the task changes to the rules he elects the board and advises on admission and exclusion of member associations as well as on the race calendar.
Since the congresses are held every two years, in the meantime, the Board elected by Congress, the supreme authority of the FIS. He forgives the world championships, also it may temporarily lock member associations, and make proposals to Congress, which is being prepared by the Board. Decisions are usually made by Congress are only valid until the next Congress, if the Executive Board she meets.
The FIS Court comes in disputes between member associations as well as complaints about the board used. In addition, the Board may decide the FIS court ask additional cases.
Advisory bodies
Just as well as sub- committees and other working groups committees are appointed by the Board. This is advised by the Committee, as they do, for example, technical tasks.
For competitive tasks
For violations of competition rules to decide competition juries. You can leave the case, the Appeals Commission to assess in a serious rule violations.
In addition to the cases that are referred to them by the competition jury, make the complaint commissions and the decisions if there are complaints about a verdict of the competition jury.
Other bodies
The auditors examine the accounts of the board on which they report to the Congress in writing.
The sedentary in Switzerland Secretariat serves the administration of the FIS.
Disciplines
At the moment the FIS serves the following disciplines, in brackets, the date is specified, since when:
- Nordic skiing ( since 1910 or 1924) cross-country skiing
- Ski jumping (including ski flying )
- Nordic Combined
Biathlon is not part of the FIS disciplines, the biathletes have their own world governing body, the IBU.
Major events
The FIS organized in any sport several major events, also several organized sports are olympic.
Olympic Winter Games
Since 1957, the FIS is ( together with the other winter sports associations ) by the IOC considered in the selection of the venue to rate. It also operates rules and nominations of ski and snowboard competitions. Of the FIS disciplines Snowboard, Freestyle, Alpine Skiing and the three Nordic skiing competitions are olympic.
World Championships
The FIS is organizing the following World Championships:
- Nordic World Ski Championships
- Alpine World Ski Championships
- Ski Flying World Championships
- Snowboard World Cup
- Freestyle Skiing World Cup
- Grass Skiing World Cup
There is also the World Championships in the disciplines of telemark, speed skiing and roller skiing and Junior World Championships in all disciplines, for example:
- Alpine Ski World Youth Championship
- Grass Skiing World Youth Championship
Continental Championships
Unlike in some summer and team sports the continental championships in most FIS disciplines do not have a high priority. However, there are still in almost all sports, Europe and America Championships, and Asia Championships are held.
Other major events
In addition to the international championships and national championships are partly organized by the FIS. Especially for the countries which are also internationally successful, the National Championship can be a kind Trials.
In addition, many FIS sports at other events are represented as at the Universiade. In addition there are some junior and youth championships.
Competition series
World Cup
→ Main article: Alpine skiing, cross-country skiing World Cup, World Cup Ski Jumping, Nordic Combined World Cup, World Cup snowboard, freestyle skiing World Cup, Grasski World Cup Speed Skiing World Cup
The " pinnacle " of the FIS competition series is the World Cup. In the sports in which it is organized, there is next to the World Cup, the so-called "big crystal ball " nor discipline World Cups, the so-called "Little Crystal ". An exception is the Grass Skiing World Cup, in which only the overall winner will receive a World Cup trophy. For the nations of the world cup or team ratings of men and women are together.
Unterklassige race
Similar to the major events there are also unterklassige competition series. In addition to the Continental Cup ( the European Cup in alpine skiing in particular and the Nor -Am Cup ) and the Marathon Cup which will also include FIS races and discharged in some disciplines B World Cup. In the Nordic combined, a system had been established to the 2007/2008 season in which shuttled the athletes between the A- and B- World Cup World Cup in poor or good performance.
List of FIS Abbreviations
Disciplines
- AL = Alpine Skiing
- CC = Cross-country skiing (English: Cross Country )
- FS = freestyle skiing
- GS = Grass Skiing
- JP = Ski Jumping (English: Ski Jumping )
- NK = Nordic Combined
- SB = Snowboard
- SS = Speed Skiing (English: Speed Skiing )
- TM = telemarking
Events
Since there are special abbreviations in the FIS for each race, so also for many unterklassige events, here are just a small selection is mentioned. Listed are only the World Cup, big events and other competitions that have a special meaning for the sport.
- WCS = FIS Ski Jumping World Cup (including ski flying )
- COCS H = FIS Continental Cup Ski Jumping ( men)
- GPS = FIS Grand Prix Ski Jumping
Offices
President
In its 84 - year history, the FIS had been only four presidents. While Østgård had already been Vice President before his term of office and Kasper held the office of the Secretary General, Hodler was previously stepped down as head of the committee in alpine skiing and board member of the FIS in appearance.
Congresses
To date, the FIS Congress has met 48 times. In general, the events take place every two years.
Member Associations
The FIS currently has 118 member associations.