Ä°spir
Template: Infobox city in Turkey / Maintenance / County
İspir (Georgian სპერი Speri; Armenian Սպեր SbEr or blocking ) is a town and administrative center of the district of the same name in the province of Erzurum in northeastern Turkey. The town has 6,784 inhabitants, in the county live 17,622 people (as of 2008 ).
Location
The county İspir is in the northwest of the province of Erzurum, he is bordered to the north by the province of Rize, on the east by the province of Artvin and Bayburt to the west by the province.
The southern branch of the Kaçkar Dağları, a parallel to the coast of the Black Sea running mountain chain, partly fall steeply to the valley of the Çoruh, on the right bank of the city İspir situated at an altitude of 1230 meters wrinkles empires rise covered with only a thin blanket of grass rocky mountains up to a 3060 meter peak a few miles north of town. İspir is connected via a mountain road ( pass at 2,600 meters ), which meets in İyidere on the E 10 with Trabzon and Rize on the Black Sea. This winding road leads southwards to Erzurum. To cross a road runs in the valley of Çoruh of Bayburt in the southwest over Yusufeli after Artvin in the Northeast.
The 79 km long road section between İspir and Yusufeli is currently ( end of 2011) by the elaborate construction of a new road high above the river bed only difficult to pass. He converted, shortly before Yusufeli to Dörtkilise, a church from the 10th century past. In this part of the valley there were some minor castles, usually consisted only of a tower and possibly originate from the Georgian period before the conquest by the Ottomans in the 16th century. From one of these forts ( Kaleifisrik? ) Are still partially a multi-storey central building, outbuildings and an exterior wall about halfway.
History
In the Persian period İspir bore the name Pharangion. In Strabo's work Geographica the place is called Hyspirátis. Another variant of the name is Sper.
The castle on the western outskirts was probably during the reign of the Mongol Ilkhanid dynasty in 12-13. Century built. An inscription on the castle for this assumption is lacking. For attachment of the living city, there are no signs; the castle hill itself is too small, so not a major residential area may have existed within the walls. In the 16th century Süleyman the Magnificent had restored the castle.
Cityscape
The castle is perched on a rocky outcrop overlooking the river below, the road behind the bus station via a bridge to the more eastern town center. There is shopping for the residents of agricultural settlements in the area, several restaurants and a large hotel.
Castle
The outer walls partially preserved over long sections follow in an irregular oval the edge of the rocky hill. At the southwest corner of a narrow piece of the outer wall rises far above the steep slope. This bulge and part of the straight outer wall on the west side are obtained. A second wall surrounding the inner region of the system. There is a small, nearly square mosque, which has been restored and is still used on the southern side. The mosque and the minaret at its southwest corner form the visible from a distance of core preserved castle walls. The round minaret has disappeared from half of its original height, it was instead supplemented by an octagonal shaft terminating in a narrow goat run block. Minaret and mosque could have been designed for the defense case, however, it is at the multi- altered building no loopholes exist. The flat roof of the oratory of the mosque is topped off center of an eight-sided truncated cone roof above an octagonal drum. The inner defense wall on both sides of the mosque remained in full.
Are the ruins of a church from whose eastern side received the full amount rises a semicircular apse with two side wide, also semicircular side rooms on the inner enclosure wall opposite the mosque. Remains of pier foundations in the interior are no longer present, yet it is believed that it was a three ships Basilica. The gable on the west upstream, later grown narthex is still in almost its original height, for both longitudinal walls are only one to two meters high receive.
Personalities
- Recep Akdağ - Politician
- Cemaleddin Kaplan - Founder of the organization Caliphate State