Itzgründisch dialect

Itzgründisch is a main Franconian dialect, which is spoken in the valleys of the eponymous Itz and its tributaries Grümpen, Effelder, Röthen / Röden, Lauter, Füllbach and Unterrodach, the valleys of the Neubrunn, beaver and the upper Werra and in the valley of the Steinach. In the small language area, the up in the southern slope of the Thuringian Slate Mountains extending into the Itzgrund in Upper Franconia, there is the " Frankish " (more precisely, the East Frankish ) yet. , In a very original form Due to the isolated location of this border area by the end of the 19th century and later during the division of Germany, many linguistic features have been preserved until today. Scientific attention Itzgründische learned the first time mid-19th century by the linguist August Schleicher.

Spoken in

• Indo-European Germanic West Germanic high German upper German East Frankish Main Fränkisch Itzgründisch

Geographic localization

The itzgründische dialect area covers the south of the county Rennsteig Sonneberg, the eastern part of the district of Hildburghausen, the city and district of Coburg and the northwest of the district of Lichtenfels.

To the west of the dialect area, the " Südhennebergische Graduation", which runs through the district Hildburghausen, the Itzgründische demarcates the hen Bergische. Your extension south of the county town and continue along the county boundary forms the border with the dialect Grabfeldischen or further south to Lower Franconia, which is also spoken in Sesslach in the west of the district of Coburg. South of the border district of Coburg, the Itzgründische mixed with the Bamberg. East of the Sun Berger (except Heiner village that lies already in the Upper Franconian language area ) and the Coburg circle border and east of Michelau in the district of Lichtenfels borders the itzgründische language area in the Upper Franconian. The Oberfränkische is beyond the Bamberger barrier, ie not one of the Main-Franconian dialects.

Immediately on the course of the Rennsteig over the crest of the Thuringian Slate Mountains, there is a narrow transition zone to the Thuringian, consisting of the modern, largely influenced local dialects of the East Frankish places to Sachsenbrunn and Lauscha that use the itzgründischen vocabulary.

The itzgründische dialect area is congruent with the territories of the historic landscape maintenance Coburg and the Benedictine abbey of Banz.

Speaker

On 31 December 2010 lived in the town of Coburg 41 076, in the cities and towns of itzgründischen dialect area in the district of Coburg 84 129, in the district of Hildburghausen 40 745, in the district of Lichtenfels 22,791 and ( deducted estimated proportion of non itzgründisch speaking community parts) about 50,000 in the district of Sonneberg inhabitants. In the town of Lichtenfels, which lies on the south bank of the Main, which on its historical dialect has already become a mixed dialect from the Itzgründischen and Bamberg, 20,555 residents were counted. While in the rural communities almost throughout the respective itzgründischen village dialects are spoken, the proportion of non itzgründisch speaking population in the cities is much greater. A conservative estimate of the number of native speakers itzgründischen likely to be around 225,000 speakers.

The local dialects of the transition zone at the Rennsteig be mastered by most of the approximately 13,000 inhabitants and is spoken in everyday life. A distinction is made for the town of Neuhaus am Rennweg, where due to the strong influx of families from the area and from more distant regions in the 20th century next to the local " Mr. Heiser " Südostthüringische dialect and other dialects are spoken.

Special

The grammar of Itzgründischen strictly corresponds to the East Frankish rules (see under East Frankish dialect group). The peculiarity of the Itzgründischen compared with other German dialects is that in everyday language increasingly outdated forms and Diphthongierungen of Middle High German are common.

• To Sonneberg and Neustadt falling diphthongs iÄ, ue and üä (non - niä, Beet - Biäd, oven - Uefm, birds - Vüächl ) and the hintergaumige pronunciation of ch as in through on, for example, in Sonnenberg - Sumbarch, annoy - archern and tomorrow - morchng. Other Diphthongierungen for example, lie in the words bread - Bruad, pants - Huasn, rabbits - Housn, hot - heaßn or beautiful - schööä ago.
• "Do" or phrases are often with auxiliary verbs such as " may ", "will", " make ", "may" formulated and the past participle. ( The child cries -. " Des Kindla dud shrine. " Or " Des Kindla ka fei g'schrei. " )
• The past forms of "to be" almost always in past participle constructions with auxiliary verbs or " have " formed. ( Since we went in / Since we entered it -. ". Dou sä'me neig'anga " ) in the north of the dialect area actually touches the Präteritalgrenze noticeable, that is, in the Thuringian places Judenbach or Bockstadt is the past tense of some verbs with an expressed the usual in the northern German dialects the past tense, which is otherwise unknown in the East Franconian. In Sachsenbrunn and Lauscha, which are close to the Rennsteig outside the itzgründischen dialect area, the past tense is already in use for more than three quarters of the verbs.
• If it is unchecked talked in dialect, also set constructions with a double negation can be heard, for example: "If there kää Gald niä host, kaas da de fei nex gekeaf. " ( If you have no money (not ), you can buy you anything. " ) or" Doumit Kaast because kä Eä niä eigelech. " ( So that you can not honor ( not ) insert. )
• As usual in Mainfränkisches is the modal particle " fine " and the diminutive -lein - la ( also locally -le ) used very much and often.

(Note: Since there is no standard written form, the text is different, approximated by "normal" characters, by different authors in the present article on the ( more accurate ) name according to the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA ) will be omitted.. )

Figures in Sonneberg dialect

• One - Eas
• Two - Zwej
• Three - Dreij
• Four - Four
• Five - Fümf
• Six - Segs
• Seven - Siem
• Eight - ACHD
• Nine - Nine
• Ten - Zea

• Elf - Elf
• Twelve - Twelve
• Thirteen - Dräza
• Fourteen - Vierza
• Fifteen - Fuchza
• Sixteen - Sachza
• Seventeen - Siebza
• Eighteen - Achza
• Nineteen - Nänza
• Twenty - Zwanzich

• Twenty-one - Eanazwanzich
• Twenty-two - Zwejiazwanzich
• Twenty-three - Dreijazwanzich
• Twenty-four - Vierazwanzich
• Twenty-five - Fümfazwanzich
• Twenty-six - Segsazwanzich
• Twenty-seven - Siemazwanzich
• Twenty-eight - Achdazwanzich
• Twenty-nine - Neunazwanzich
• Thirty - Dreißich

Notwithstanding, time values ​​are (in the morning as in the afternoon) specified as follows:

• A clock - Easa
• Two clock - Zweja
• Three clock - three-year-
• Four clock - Viera
• Five clock - Fümfa
• Six clock - Segsa

• Seven clock - Siema
• Eight clock - Achda
• Nine clock - Neuna
• Ten clock - zeana
• Elf Clock - Elfa
• Twelve clock - Zwölfa

Example: There is a clock. - It is in Easa. (Where the i to the extent that swallowed ' is that it is only partially audible. )

Weekdays in Sonneberg dialect

• Monday - Maadich
• Tuesday - diene like
• Wednesday - Middwoch

• Thursday - Dunnerschdich
• Friday - free yourself

• Saturday - Sunamd
• Sunday - Sundich

Variations in comparison with the Upper Franconian

The Itzgründische has a variety of local variations. Thus, a girl in Haselbach " Mädle ", called in the neighboring Steinach " Mädla " and in Sonneberg " Meadla ". Are more stark differences from the Upper Franconian, which is also spoken in Heiner village in the district of Sonneberg.

Itzgründische special words

A selection of some terms:

• Ardöpfl, Arpfl ( Erdapfel, potato)
• Servant ( Good day, greeting ),
• Glikeleskaas ( Quark )
• Stoal ( stable)
• Stoudl (barn )
• Sulln ( sole, bitch )
• Zahmet ( mashed potatoes )
• Zähbei ( toothache )

Dialect atlas

• Thuringian dialect atlas, Issue 27, 1969, German Academy of Sciences in Berlin, Akademie-Verlag Berlin

The dialect atlas shows the distribution of word types and the corresponding sound shifts.