Pesukei dezimra
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Psuke desimra ( Aramaic פְסוּקֵי דְּזִמְרָא, Section singing ) are " psalms in the morning prayer." The Psalms are spoken in the Jewish morning prayer ( Shacharit ), sung during the synagogue service mostly by the Chasan.
Description
The purpose of Psuke desimra is it that every single Praying praise can recite the name of God before prayers are addressed to God, which take place later during Shacharit and during the day ( Mincha and others). At the beginning of the section consisted solely of the Psalms 145-150, formed by Jose ben Chalafta in the 2nd century .. The extensions were added later. For a long time these prayers are not a compulsory part of the regular Jewish worship. Maimonides made it the object of his work and explained that optimism is a prerequisite for the hymns. Thereupon they were a compulsory part of the regular Jewish worship. Maimonides also wrote that the prayers had to be sung slowly and with passion.
Content ( regular)
Content ( rest and holiday)
On the day of rest ( Sabbath ), on holidays with biblical origin and on Hoshana Rabba, various psalms were between " Hodu [ ... ] " (Hebrew " הוֹדוּ לה ' קָרְאוּ בִּשְּׂמוֹ "; German " Huldiget God proclaims his name " ) and " Yehi kewod [ ... ] " (Hebrew " יְהִי כְבוֹד ה ' לעולם "; German "Eternal is the glory of God " ) added. Thus, because the worshipers are not in the hustle and bustle of everyday work.
In the Ashkenazi rite (Hebrew נוֹסַח אַשְׁכְּנַז; " Nosach Ashkenaz " ) to use the following Psalms: 19, 33, 34, 90, 91, 135, 136, 92, and 93
In the Sephardic rite (Hebrew יַהֲדוּת סְפָרַד ) to use the following :: Psalms 103, 19, 33, 90, 91, 98, 121, 122, 123, 124, 135, 136, 92, and 93
At rest and holiday Nischmat the song is inserted. In the Ashkenazi rite follows Schochen Ad, (Hebrew שׁוֹכֵן עַד ), while in the Sephardic rite Schaw'at Anijim (Hebrew שַׁוְעַת עֲנִיִים ) follows.
Women
There is a controversy about whether women desimra should be required or permitted in Psuke. What matters is the opinion that the presentation of Psuke was desimra a time-bound commandment. An opinions requires that women Psuke recite desimra completely. Another opinion in turn prohibits the presentation of Psuke desimra among women. A third opinion allowed, but requiring women do not desimra the presentation of Psuke. Although a fourth opinion allowed the presentation of Psuke desimra, but prohibits the presentation of certain parts of the section, including " Baruch damage Amar [ ... ] " (Hebrew " בָּרוּךְ שֶׁאָמַר והיה העולם "; German " Blessed is the one who talked and it became the world ) and " Jischtabach [ ... ] " (Hebrew " יִשְׁתַּבַּח שִׁמְךָ לָעַד מַלְכֵּנוּ "; German "Blessed be thy name for ever .... ").
The Ashkenazi rite considered Psuke desimra as a compulsory component, provided that Psuke desimra was not a time-bound commandment and at any time could be presented by Allen.
In the Sephardic rite one is divided. Some opinions allow women Psuke desimra carry forward, but without blessings.