Pont Notre-Dame
The Pont Notre -Dame is a bridge that spans in Paris the great arm of the Seine and the Quai de Gesvres on the Rive Droite with the quai de la Corse on the Seine Ile de la Cite. The bridge is considered, though not in its present form, as the oldest of Paris. In place since ancient times was already a bridge, which was several times destroyed and rebuilt. As the oldest, still intact bridge in Paris, the Pont Neuf applies
Characteristics
- Type: Arch bridge
- Year of construction: 1910-1914
- Architects: Aron, Jean Drogue, Jean Résal, retraint, Binet
- Length: 105 meters
- Arch height: 20 meters
- Material: Steel and Stone
48.8561111111112.3486111111111Koordinaten: 48 ° 51 ' 22 " N, 2 ° 20' 55" E
Location
The Pont Notre -Dame is located in the fourth arrondissement of Paris near the metro station Pont Marie and connects the Quai de Gesvres with the Quai de la Corse.
History
Already at the Celtic period was at the location in question, a transition from wood, which spanned the large arm of the Seine and the present Rue de la Cité linked to the Rue Saint -Martin. When Titus Labienus BC approached in the year 52 with his troops the city, the Parisii destroyed this bridge to make it harder for enemies to Translate and the capture of the city Lutetia.
The Romans built the bridge in stone, and protected them by a fort on the north side. It was a central part of the Roman road from Soissons to Orleans, which formed part of the transport axis of the Cardo of Lutetia. Just a few meters north -chain the Rue Saint -Antoine from Melun and Champagne.
How much suffered the Roman bridge under the repeated attacks of the Normans and in particular under the siege of Paris in the years 885 and 886, is not precisely known. Anyway, she was abandoned and it was only 150 meters downstream of a new bridge, which was given the simple name Grand -Pont and stood on the site of the present Pont au Change. The Cardo of Lutetia was interrupted. The ancient bridge was later replaced by a bridge, which Pont des Planches de Milbray was called. This pier, on which stood a mill, initially was not even enough more to his island and served the fishermen as a pontoon.
1406 Pont des Planches de Milbray was washed away by a flood. Then, King Charles VI. 1413 to build a new bridge in the same place, which now for the first time the name Pont Notre -Dame was because they Dame of Paris led to the age of the 1345 Gothic cathedral of Notre. These were to provide a stable wooden structure that was with 65 houses, which should serve the " decoration and the increase of income of the city," overbuilt. For the planning and execution of the city foreman for bricklaying and carpentry were responsible. The span of the bridge of about 115 m (59 Toises ) was divided into seventeen piles rows. The mentioned houses were provided for the first time in the History of Urbanization with house numbers. On October 25, 1499 the wooden bridge collapsed, probably because of the maintenance had been neglected.
The village was rebuilt in stone and began in 1500. With six distinctive arches, designed by the architect Giovanni Giocondo and built by the city foreman Jean de Felin bridge spanned the large arm of the Seine. In 1507, the new bridge was opened and 1512 were also the 68 apartments and retail stores ready for occupancy on the bridge. The bodies, which in turn were provided with house numbers, quickly developed into a commercial center of the city and the symmetrical road system served as a model for many later space systems of Paris, such as the Place Royale, since the French Revolution called the Place des Vosges, or the Place Dauphine. 1660, the bridge was renovated and then ceremoniously decorated in honor of the arrival of Maria Theresa of Spain in Paris, who had married after the Treaty of the Pyrenees the French King Louis XIV. For sanitary and structural engineering reasons, the superstructure of the bridge were demolished in 1786.
1853 a new bridge was built on the old foundations, but this time only with five arches. Due to a large number of ship accidents, alone 35 1891-1910, she was popularly Pont du Diable, so called Devil's Bridge. To facilitate the navigation and the flow of water, the three middle arches were then removed and even replaced the bridge with a metal construction. This construction of Résal Jean, who had already designed the Pont Mirabeau and the Pont Alexandre III, was inaugurated in 1919 by President Raymond Poincaré and is unchanged today.