Surpierre
Surpierre ( Freiburg Patois Supyêra? / I ) is a municipality in the district Broye the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. The former German name About stone is no longer used today. On 1 January 2005, the previously independent community Praratoud was incorporated into Surpierre.
Geography
Surpierre is located on 618 m above sea level. M., 11 km southwest of Payerne (air line) in the Fribourgese exclave Surpierre. The village is located on a terrace on either side of the current flowing in a small valley village Bach, at 150 m above the valley floor of the middle Broyetals, in the north-western Fribourg plateau.
The area of 4.8 km ² large municipality area includes a portion of the Molassehügellandes between Lake Neuchâtel and the Broyetal. The main part of the territory occupied by the broad terrain of Surpierre terrace. The eastern boundary runs above the steep drop to Broyetal ( Cote of the tree ). The plateau is drained by the village stream of Surpierre who has cut below the village by the erosive power of water deep into the molasse. To the southwest, the communal land extends into the wooded area of the Bois Meules and westward to the level of Grand Bois, the 702 m above sea level. M. is the highest point of Surpierre. To the north, the area extends to the height between the valleys of Lembe and Broye to the edge of the forest of Les Rapes. From the municipality surface 1997 accounted for 5% of settlements, 37 % of forest and woody plants and 58 % to agriculture.
To Surpierre the village Praratoud include (650 m above sea level. M. ), the hamlet Vigny (615 m above sea level. M. ) and Le Sensuis (675 m above sea level. M. ) at the level between the valleys of Lembe and Broye as well as some individual farms. Neighboring communities of Surpierre are Cheiry and Villeneuve in the canton of Fribourg and Granges- près- Marnand, Cremin and Forel -sur -Lucens in the canton of Vaud.
Population
With 311 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Surpierre one of the small communities of the Canton of Fribourg. Of the 94.4 % inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 4.0 % and 1.0 % speak Portuguese (as of 2000). The population of Surpierre amounted in 1900 to 341 inhabitants. During the 20th century, the population increased to 1980 by around 25 % to 252 persons. Only since a slight population growth was recorded again.
Economy
Surpierre was until the second half of the 20th century, mainly coined by farming village. Even today, the farming, fruit growing and cattle breeding have an important place in the economic structure of the population. More jobs are in small local manufacturing and services available. In recent decades, the village has developed into a residential community. Many workers are therefore commuters who work mainly in the larger towns of Broyetals and in Payerne.
Traffic
The community is located off the major thoroughfares. The main access is from Villeneuve. By Postbus course, which runs from Granges- près- Marnand via Surpierre after Cheiry, the village is connected to the public transport network.
History
The first written mention of the village was carried out in 1142 under the name Super Supra Petra and Petram ( above the stone / on the rocks ), in reference to its location on the steep drop to Broyetal. Later the names Super Petra ( 1147 ) and Soreperra ( 1184 ) published.
Since the 12th century the noble family of Surpierre is mentioned. At the beginning of the 13th century, the rule Surpierre came by purchase to the Lords of Cossonay they showed at the site of the present castle built a castle. She also founded the small town Surpierre ( 1344 above), which was located within the outer ramparts of the castle. Since the end of the 14th century there were several changes of ownership before the rule came under the direct influence of the House of Savoy and the Count of Romont.
As part of the Burgundian Wars castle and town in 1475 were destroyed by the Confederates. After the peace treaty between the Swiss and Savoy rule Surpierre was returned to the Dukes of Savoy and rebuilt the castle, while the town was abandoned. For this, the castle and the farming village Surpierre developed on the plateau west gradually.
After Bern had conquered the Vaud, Surpierre came on February 21, 1536, first to Bern and on March 1, 1536 under the rule of Freiburg. Among the Freiburger Men Surpierre was raised to a bailiff, the place Ménières comprised only just today exclave Surpierre and more than exclave. After the collapse of the ancien régime (1798 ) was one Surpierre during the Helvetic Republic until 1803 Estavayer district and then to the district Surpierre before it was incorporated in 1848 in the District Broye.
As part of since 2000 sponsored by the Canton of Fribourg municipal mergers, the previously politically independent community Praratoud was amalgamated with effect from 1 January 2005 Surpierre.
Attractions
The Castle of Surpierre stands on the rocky outcrop between the Broyetal and the valley of the village of Bach and is separated from the plateau of Surpierre by a moat. The core of the castle dates back to the 13th century. One of the oldest parts include a residential tower and the foundation walls of the keep. The remaining plants were created after a fire in 1544 new, including the residential and farm buildings and the gate tower, and adapted to the former purpose as a seat of the bailiff.
The parish church of Surpierre originates in the core of the 16th century and was later changed several times. In the center a few farmhouses dating from the 17th to 19th centuries have been preserved.