Yegorlyk River
Location of Jegorlyk ( Егорлык ) in the southern basin of the Don
Jegorlyk in the Cossack village Nowotroizkaja
The Jegorlyk (Russian Егорлык, Большой Егорлык ( Bolshoi Jegorlyk ), also Big Jegorlyk ) is a 448 km long left tributary of the Manytsch in Russia.
Course
The Jegorlyk rises in the foothills of the Greater Caucasus about 30 km south of the city of Stavropol, the Stavropol heights in about 580 meters above sea level on the northeast edge of the 831 m high mountain Strischament. It first flows in a northwesterly direction through the mountainous area in the southwest of the Stavropol region. Southwest of Stavropol the river from the original bed for a few kilometers is derived in a right tributary, which previously housed the Sengilejewskoje Lake, which was converted into the much larger Sengilejewskoje reservoir. The lake is mainly fed by about 50 kilometer Newinnomyssker channel, which takes from the Kuban water at Newinnomyssk to direct it into the Jegorlyk Basin. Part of the water from the canal passes, bypassing the reservoir via a branch channel directly into the Jegorlyk below the lake, where it drives a small hydroelectric power plant.
In the course of Jegorlyk other smaller dams were built, the Jegorlyk Reservoir ( Jegorlykskoe reservoir ) a few miles below the village Sengilejewskoje and Nowotroizker reservoir ( Nowotroizkoje Reservoir ) in the Cossack village Nowotroizkaja. By gradually becoming flat steppe landscape of Jegorlyk continues to flow in a northeasterly, then almost in a westerly direction. In Priwolnoje it reaches the Rostov Oblast, where he turns back to the northeast to north. In a short section it marks the border with the Republic of Kalmykia.
25 km northeast of the city Salsk finally opens the Jegorlyk in only 13 m in the Don Creek Manytsch, which is considered by a common definition of the boundary between Europe and Asia. The Manytsch is accumulated in this section as well as the lower reaches of the Jegorlyk to Proletarsker reservoir ( Proletarskoje Reservoir ). This part of the reservoir, however, is practically completely silted up by the solids entry of Jegorlyk. Previously, the pent-up Jegorlyk underflow was several hundred meters wide. Above the dammed section of the river is 50 to 100 meters wide and two meters deep; its flow rate is 0.4 m / s
The most important tributaries of the Jegorlyk are Tashla, Bolshaya Kugulta (Grand Kugulta ) and Baschanta of right and Kalaly, Rassypnaja and Bolschaja Sandata (Grand Sandata ) from the left.
Immediately the river there are no cities, but except Stavropol and Salsk is also the city Isobilny in its vicinity. Right on the river, the larger towns are Solnetschnodolsk ( urban-type settlement ), Nowotroizkaja and Krasnogwardeiskoje ( Rajonverwaltungszentrum ).
Hydrology
The catchment area of the river covers 15,000 km ².
The mean river discharge at the village Nowy Jegorlyk in mouth close is 38.2 m³ / s Before the completion of the Newinnomyssker channel in 1948 and thus the supply of up to 75nbsp; cubic meters of water per second of Jegorlyk dried up in the summers for up to 3-4 months in the lower reaches. Since that time, compared to the natural order, the multiple increased runoff has led to increased lateral and vertical erosion of the river bed and sand deposits at other sites, mainly from the middle reaches up to the silting of the reservoir Proletarsker.
Fauna
Noteworthy for the catchment area of the Jegorlyk is the establishment of invasive species. These include the spotted fork catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus " channel catfish" ), which was imported in the 1970s for fish farming in the United States (Arkansas ) and spread in a row outside the fish farms. Another fish is the Gründlingsart Romanogobio pentatrichus that, immigrated independently from the Kuban, its original distribution area on the Newinnomyssker channel.
Use and infrastructure
The Jegorlyk is not navigable.
The river flows through its entire length intensive agricultural area to the irrigation water used. The largest part is taken over the rights Jegorlyk channel ( Prawo Jegorlykski - channel ) from the Nowotroizkoje reservoir.
At the headwaters of the river several small hydroelectric power plants were built, operated today by the Filiate Kuban hydropower plant cascade ( Kubanski kaskad GES) of RusHydro:
- Sengilejewskoje hydroelectric power station ( GES Sengilejewskaja, power 15 MW, built in 1949-1953 on the outflow of Newinnomyssker channel to Jegorlyk )
- Jegorlyk hydroelectric power station ( GES Jegorlykskaja, 30 MW, 1956-1962 )
- Hydropower plant Jegorlyk -2 ( Jegorlykskaja GES -2, 14.2 MW, 1994-2010 )
- Nowotroizker hydroelectric power station ( GES Nowotroizkaja, 3.68 MW, 1950-1953 )
The construction started in 1994 of the hydropower plant Jegorlyk -2 ( Jegorlykskaja GES -2) was delayed initially due to financial difficulties in 2005 after the takeover by RusHydro resumed and completed by the end of 2010. The reservoir of Nowotroizker hydroelectric plant is also used for the cooling water supply to the thermal power station Stavropol ( Stavropolskaya GRES ) is used, which is operated by the OGK -2, and with a capacity of 2400 MW is the largest in the North Caucasus.
A number of other reservoirs directly on Jegorlyk or in its valley floor is used for fish farming, as in Ptitschje north of Isobilny.
The headwaters of the Jegorlyk is from a branch of the highway M29 crossed that binds the Regionshauptadt Stavropol to the main route at between Newinnomyssk and Kotschubejewskoje. The railway line from Kropotkin ( station Kawkasskaja ) to Stavropol and Elista crosses the river below Nowotroizkaja and Isobilny that the middle reaches of the following on the left side of Regional Road R269 (Rostov -on-Don - ) Bataisk - Stavropol at the village Besopasnoje.