Abdullah GÃ¼l

Abdullah Gül ( born October 29, 1950 in Kayseri ) is a Turkish politician and since August 28, 2007, the 11th president of Turkey and thus also commander of the Turkish armed forces in peacetime. His official residence is the Çankaya Palace.

Gul ran in April and May 2007 for president as the candidate of the ruling party AKP, after he had been proposed by party leader Erdoğan for it. This candidacy sparked a domestic political crisis in Turkey and led to new elections. Following the elections Gül was elected on 28 August 2007 by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in the third ballot as President of Turkey.

Life

Abdullah Gül studied Economics at Istanbul University and wrote his dissertation there. During his doctoral studies he stayed for two years in London and Exeter. He then worked at the University of Sakarya in the founding of the Department of Industrial Engineering and taught management seminars. In 1980, he married the 15 -year-old Hayrünnisa Özyurt, together they have a daughter and two sons.

From 1983 to 1991 Gul worked as a leading manager of the Islamic Development Bank ( IDB) in Saudi Arabia. In 1991 he was a lecturer in International Management.

In the same year he was elected to the early elections as a representative of the Islamic Welfare Party ( Refah Partisi, RP) as a deputy from Kayseri and moved into Parliament. In the years 1991-1995 Gul was a member of the Planning and Budget Commission of the Turkish Parliament. In 1995 he was re-elected and was until 2001 a member of the Commission for external affairs. In 1992, Abdullah Gül, Member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council, which honored him for his efforts in 2001 with the "Pro Merito ", moreover, he was made an honorary member. In the 54th Turkish government, he was Minister of State and acted as a government spokesman.

Following the ban on RP Gül in 1999 as a member of the successor party Virtue Party (FP ) was elected for the third time to Parliament. On 14 May 2000, he narrowly lost the election of the Chairman of the FP. Following the ban on FP Gul took an important position in the leadership of a political movement ( " innovation movement ", Turkish yenilikçi Hareket ), which merged into the ACP, founded by them in August 2001. As one of the founding members, he was responsible for legal and political affairs, which should have been decisive that he was elected Vice President of the new party.

On November 3, 2002 Gul was re-elected as MP for Kayseri to parliament. Two weeks later he was asked to form the 58th government. He took over the post of prime minister and formed the Cabinet, this should act as a transitional government. The aim was to make as soon as possible by a change in the law the party president of the AKP, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, with the help of a by-election in the eastern Anatolian province of Siirt prime minister. On March 14, 2003 Erdoğan took over the office of the Prime Minister and appointed Abdullah Gül as his deputy and foreign minister. For controversy Abdullah Gul made during his time as Secretary of State, when he called to the diplomatic representations of his country through a circular letter to support the Islamic community Millî Görüş after forces. The by Necmettin Erbakan called into life Millî Görüş stands for years under observation of the German constitutional protection.

Since 28 August 2007, Gül President of Turkey. His appointment led to the nationwide protests for the Republic by the Kemalist opposition from the Republican People's Party (CHP); at a meeting of more than one million participants came together.

He is fluent in English and Arabic.

2007 presidential elections

In spring 2007, Abdullah Gül candidate for the office of President. A vote boycott, followed by transition to the Constitutional Court prevented the election of Gül as president. In addition, the General Staff on election night attempted influence by publishing a statement on the election and to take the action. As a result, the government wrote from parliamentary elections. In the context of the presidential election, there was turkey far to mass demonstrations for a secular Turkey.

After the decisive victory in the early parliamentary election, the AKP decided on August 13 to nominate Gul again for the office of President. The first round of voting on 20 August 2007 Gul failed due to the necessary in the first two ballots, a two-thirds majority. He received 341 votes, one vote more than his party mandates. There is a choice would have been necessary 367 votes. A second round of voting took place on 24 August, in which Gul expected with 337 votes again missed the two-thirds majority. On the third ballot, which took place on 28 August, ranged 339 votes of the members of the Turkish Parliament to Gül's election as president. The Turkish Constitution provides for the third ballot before an absolute majority, which requires at least 276 votes. A few hours before the third ballot, the Turkish military leadership had warned against political attacks on the secular state. The Chief of Staff Mehmet Yaşar Büyükanıt stated that the armed forces were determined to defend democracy and the separation of state and religion.

Awards

General

Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia: King Abdulaziz Medal (2007 ) by King Abdullah bin Abd al - Aziz
United Kingdom United Kingdom: Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Civil Division of the Order of the Bath (GCB ) (14 May 2008) by Queen Elizabeth II in Ankara
Portugal: Order of Infante Dom Henrique ( GColIH ) (May 12, 2009) by President Aníbal Cavaco Silva in Ankara
Albania Albania: highest State Order (9 May 2008)
Italy Italy: Order of Merit of the Italian Republic ( Grand Cross with Large chain of orders ) (16 November 2009) by President Giorgio Napolitano
Cameroon Cameroon: State Order (16 March 2010) by President Paul Biya in Yaounde
United Kingdom United Kingdom: Chatham House Prize (19 March 2010)
Pakistan Pakistan: Nishan - e-Pakistan (31 March 2010 ) by the President of Pakistan Asif Ali Zardari
Hungary Hungary: The Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Merit Hungarian (15 November 2011) by the Hungarian President Pál Schmitt
Netherlands Netherlands: Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion (17 April 2012) by the Dutch Queen Beatrix
Sweden Sweden: The Royal Seraphinenorden (11 March 2013) awarded by the Swedish king Carl XVI. Gustaf
Turkmenistan Turkmenistan: the National Order (30 May 2013) awarded by the President of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov
Norway Norway: Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav (5 November 2013) awarded by the Norwegian King Harald V.
Luxembourg Luxembourg: The Grand Cross of the Order of the Golden Lion of the House of Nassau (19 November 2013) awarded by the Luxembourg Grand Duke Henri of Nassau -Weilburg

Honorary doctorates

Romania Romania: honorary doctorate of Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University (2 March 2008)
Bangladesh Bangladesh Honorary Doctorate of the University of Dhaka (7 February 2009)
India India: Honorary Doctorate of Amity University in the field of International Relations (8th February 2010)
Russia Russia: Honorary doctorate from the State University of Kazan ( 12 February 2009)
People's Republic of China People's Republic of China: Honorary Doctorate of Xinjiang University (June 28, 2009)
Pakistan Pakistan: Honorary doctorate from the Quaid -i -Azam University in the field of International Relations (31 March 2010 ) by the President of Pakistan Asif Ali Zardari
Turkey Turkey: Honorary Doctorate of Erciyes Üniversitesi (12 October 2009)
Kazakhstan: honorary doctorate from the University Yesevi Ahmed (24 May 2010)
Flag of South Korea South Korea: Honorary doctorate from the Hankuk University of Foreign Language (15 June 2010)
Indonesia Indonesia: honorary doctorate from the University of Indonesia in the field of political science (6 April 2011)
Turkmenistan Turkmenistan: Honorary Doctorate of the Turkmen state- Institute of Economics and Management (30 May 2013)

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