Coronie District

Coronie is a district of Suriname, located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. To the west of the district Nickerie, in the eastern district Saramacca and south of the district Sipaliwini to Coronie.

The entire district is situated in the coastal plain and extends only a few meters above the sea level. The floors are made almost exclusively from sediments of the so-called younger coastal plain.

History and Economics

The district Coronie, the previously known Opper - Nickerie possessed, was established on 10 October 1851. The history of agriculture began in the period of the British Protectorate (1799-1802) as Governor under Jurriaan François de Friderici large areas were provided for the establishment of plantations available. The Scot A. Cameron began here as the first planters in 1808 with the cotton plantation Burnside. It developed into a thriving plantation economy with cotton and sugar cane. The highlight of the cotton culture was the period 1825-1830. Especially after 1860 was a sharp decline of this culture be reported to total task.

After 1870, the cultivation of corn, coconut and citrus fruits developed. Its present significance of the district due to the coconut trees, which led to a significant production of coconut oil. In connection with the pressed remains of the coconut fruit, suitable for pig, the pig has developed in this district.

After 1950, then, the importance of the coconut culture significantly. Today, in places, rice is grown. Local significance of the honey extraction and fishing in the swamp waters.

Population and administrative divisions

In the 1972 census, the population was 3,251; the former area was only 1622 km ², so that the population density of 2 inhabitants / km ² lay. The ethnic composition in 1971 looked like this: 2,841 Creoles, 325 Javanese, 27 Hindu mangosteens, 24 Chinese, 15 European, 4 Maroons, 2 Indigenous and 13 Other. Has on the Creole character of the district since then not much has changed.

In 1922 the population was 2,700, 1950 at 4000 and 1964 at 3,800. Depopulation took place primarily to Paramaribo or in the vicinity of the capital.

The population is concentrated along the so-called East-West connection; it lives about half of the population in the two places Totnes and Friendship.

The district Coronie is in turn divided into the following three departments ( decentralized):

• Johanna Maria
• Totnes
• Welgelegen

In parliament ( Assemblée Nationale De ) is represented by two deputies of the district Coronie.

Erosion risk

Off the coast of the two mud banks are Coronie and Potosibank. These banks are shifting almost permanently and accompany the erosion and accumulation operations on the coast. The distance between the coast and the so-called East-West connection amounted in the past 1-4 km. The shift of the coastline is typical for the entire country, but most pronounced in the district Coronie. Since 1957, increased erosion processes are observed, thus all polders are threatened in their existence.

Climate

The district Coronie is climatically particularly conspicuous by its relatively low rainfall of only 1600 to 1700 mm per year.