Japanese dialects

The Japanese language has many dialects, which was favored by the geographical conditions of the country. Not only the country is stretched to a long archipelago of four main islands and several thousand small, few large fertile plains (including Kanto plain, Kansai - level) are separated by mountain ranges that make up a total of nearly eighty percent of the land. The result was a series of enclaves.

The scientific term for dialects in Japanese is Hōgen (方言). There are also namari (讹) for different pronunciations and screws (弁) for the dialect of a region. The Japanese dialects have a high variance, so that eg understanding of speakers of the Tsugaru dialect in the north and in the south of Kagoshima dialect is not possible, while for comparison spokesman for the Danish, Swedish and Norwegian language can communicate with each other relatively easily. The default language is the dialect of Edo ( Tokyo). Akin to the southern Japanese dialects are the Ryukyu languages ​​, which together with the Japanese, the family of Japonischen languages.

The dialects are grouped in eastern Japanese dialects (东 日本 方言Higashi- Nihon Hōgen or东部 方言Tōbu Hōgen ) and Western Japanese dialects (西 日本 方言Nishi- Nihon Hōgen or西部 方言Seibu Hōgen ). The dividing line between the two groups is called Itoigawa - Lake Hamana - line.

Not related to the Japanese is the language of the Ainu.

Ostjapanisch

  • Hokkaidō dialect (北海道 方言)
  • Tohoku dialect (s ) (东北 方言) Tsugaru dialect (津 軽 弁)
  • Shimokita dialect (下 北 弁)
  • Nanbu dialect (南部 弁)
  • Sendai dialect (仙台 弁)
  • Ibaraki dialect (茨城 弁)
  • Tochigi dialect (栃 木 弁)
  • Edo Kotoba (江 戸 言葉)
  • Tōkyō- dialect (东京 方言)
  • Gunma dialect (群 马弁)
  • Enshū dialect (远 州 弁)
  • Mikawa dialect (三河 弁)
  • Nagoya dialect (名古屋 弁), also Owari dialect (尾张 弁)
  • Mino dialect (美浓 弁)

West Japanese

  • Hokuriku dialects (北 陆 方言) Toyama or Etchu dialect (富山 弁/越 中 方言)
  • Kaga dialect (加 贺 弁)
  • Noto dialect (能 登 弁)
  • Sado dialect (佐渡 弁)
  • Fukui dialect (福井 弁)
  • Kanazawa dialect (金 沢 弁)
  • Ōmi dialect (近 江 弁)
  • Kyoto dialect (京都 弁)
  • Maizuru dialect (舞 鹤 弁)
  • Danbo dialect (丹波 弁)
  • Ise dialect (伊 势 弁) Shima dialect (志摩 弁)
  • Senba - Kotoba (船 场 言葉)
  • Settsu dialect (摂 津 弁)
  • Kawachi dialect (河内 弁)
  • Senshu dialect (泉州 弁)
  • Totsukawa dialect (十津川 弁)
  • Tokushima dialect (徳 岛 弁)
  • Sanuki dialect (讃 岐 弁)
  • Iyo dialect (伊 予 弁)
  • Tosa dialect (土 佐 弁)
  • Hata dialect (幡 多 弁)
  • Izumo dialect (出 云 弁)
  • Yasugi dialect (安 来 弁)
  • Yonago dialect (米 子 弁)
  • Hiroshima dialect (広 島 弁)
  • Okayama dialect (冈山 弁)
  • Yamaguchi dialect (山口 弁)

Kyūshū dialects

  • Hōnichi dialects (豊 日 方言) Kitakyushu dialect (北九州 弁)
  • Tagawa dialect (田 川 弁)
  • Nakatsu dialect (中 津 弁)
  • Oita dialect (大分 弁)
  • Hita dialect (日 田 弁)
  • Miyazaki dialect (宫 崎 弁)
  • Hakata dialect (博 多 弁)
  • Fukuoka dialect (福冈 弁)
  • Saga dialect (佐贺 弁)
  • Munakata dialect (宗 像 弁)
  • Chikugo dialect (筑 后 弁), Kurume dialect (久留 米 弁)
  • Yanagawa dialect (柳川 弁)
  • Nagasaki dialect (长崎 弁)
  • Shimabara dialect (岛 原 弁)
  • Kumamoto dialect (熊 本 弁)
Tsugaru, Aomori Shimokita Peninsula Mikawa Province Owari Province Hokuriku region Kaga Province Noto Province Maizuru, Kyoto Tamba Province Ise Province Iga Province Settsu Province Yamato Province Kii Province Awaji Island Sanuki Province Iyo Province Tosa Province Yasugi, Shimane Yonago, Tottori Tagawa, Fukuoka Nakatsu, Ōita Hita, Ōita Munakata, Fukuoka Kurume, Fukuoka Yanagawa, Fukuoka Shimabara Peninsula Satsuma Province
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