Loisach
Loisach at the outlet from Lake Kochel
Course of Loisach
The Loisach is a 114 km long tributary of the Isar River in Austria and Germany.
- 5.1 barriers
- 5.2 Restoration and Flood Protection 5.2.1 Garmisch -Partenkirchen
- 5.2.2 Eschenlohe
- 6.1 Operating
- 6.2 planned
Name
The name is leubh the Indo-European word meaning dear, is based. It is derived with an s as a suffix. The name refers to the pleasant flow of the river.
Course
From the source to the Bavarian border
The Loisach rises in a swamp in Tyrol between the Lech Valley Alps to the west and the mountains to the east Mieminger below and to the north of the Fern Pass. Your source is located in the municipality Biberwier in the area of blind, Mitter and Weissensee near the B 179 from where their water flows northward through the Ehrwalder pool and then along the B187 through Ehrwald and west past the Zugspitze to the German border.
From Garmisch -Partenkirchen to Lake Kochel
In the Bavarian side it passes to the northeast first Garmisch -Partenkirchen Griese and then flows past Grainau to Garmisch, the largest district of Garmisch -Partenkirchen. Then it runs between the Oberammergau Alps to the west and the east Estergebirge further north.
About Farchant, Oberau and Eschenlohe and past Ohlstadt and Murnau reached the Loisach Großweil where it bends to the southeast and north of the Duke matter flows in Schlehdorf in the western part of Kochel.
From Lake Kochel, to the mouth of the Isar
She leaves the lake at its northern boundary west of Kochel happens Benediktbeuren and Penzberg and leaves there finally the northern foothills of the Bavarian Alps. You still flows through Eurasburg and flows north of Wolfratshausen in the floodplain Pupplinger Au in the Isar.
Inflows
The Loisach has few tributaries. The most important are the right side of the Krepbach from Grainau, the Hammerbach from the valleys, the Partnach in Garmisch -Partenkirchen, the karstic resurgences strong feeding streams Kuhflucht in Farchant, Röhrl Bach and Lauterbach in Oberau and Mühlbach near Eschenlohe and Esch Laine at Eschenlohe, the cold water Laine at Ohlstadt and the coming of the Benediktenwand Pessenbach. On the left side the Loisach receives a significant inflow in Oberau from Gießenbach ( Loisach ) and Murnau on the Ramsach that drains the entire Murnau Moor.
Amount of water
According to the flood intelligence Bavaria on the mean discharge of the Loisach in Beuerberg and Loisach Isar Canal in Bruggen flow before Wolfratshausen on average 54 m³ / s from. The value is compared with the natural flow increased because over the Walchenseekraftwerk water is supplied from the River Isar. Without this contribution of almost 20 m³ / s from the Isar system remains an outflow of nearly 35 m³ / s, making the Loisach is by Amper is the second largest tributary of the Isar River.
Human intervention
Barriers
Around 1900 a bank protection was built on the Loisach. In addition, the Loisach was straightened in parts, eg in the local position of Garmisch in Murnau and north of Kochel. Former meanders were cut off and thus have remained in places, received as oxbow lakes, such as east of Penzberg. The goals of straightening flood control, drainage and peat improvement can be called the traffic conditions. The necessary space for the Routing of railway and road in tight Loisachtal west of Grainau could only be created by straightening and obstruction of Loisach.
The drift channel connects the sections above and below the Kochel, for the purpose of rafting.
Restoration and flood protection
Garmisch -Partenkirchen
In three sections, the river bed between 1992 and 1997 was renatured for a total of 4.88 million DM. The increased outflow cross-section reduces the risk of flooding and can naturally designed as part of new bank protection a certain momentum of the river bed development, which in turn enhances the self-cleaning capacity and the ecological potential for development. In addition, reduce Sohlrampen the previously deep depth of erosion. With widened banks hemming the Loisach again provides since closeness to nature and accessibility.
Eschenlohe
After the place Eschenlohe was hit hard by both the Whitsun flood 1999 and by Alpine floods of 2005, were conducted at 2 km around the construction site to protect against future flood events of this magnitude. There were, inter alia, a 1000 m long seawall and a new bridge that crosses the Loisach without marveling pillars erected.
Hydropower plants
In use
The water of the Loisach is used by various power plants for energy production.
On the one located in Garmisch -Partenkirchen on Loisach military since the year 2011 again a power plant after a previous building was heavily damaged by a flood in 1920. The new power plant delivers 2.20 GWh of electricity per year, enough to power about 600 households.
Another power plant is located in Farchant. This is a hydroelectric power plant, which has a Kaplan turbine with an output of 400 kW. In addition, this power plant still stand a condensing steam boiler system, two diesel engines with an output of 350 kW and an emergency generator with an output of 1,500 kW ready.
A third power station is located in Schönmühl. This is also a hydroelectric power plant, but with a capacity of 5 MW
Planned
In Großweil another power plant is planned. It will offer a modern shaft power plant, the plants are mostly underwater. However, taking shape against the power station protest because it will be constructed in the FFH area Murnau Moor.
Photos
The Loisach west of Garmisch -Partenkirchen
Mouth of the Loisach (from right) in the Isar
Trivia
Loisach is also the name of the fictitious venue, the evening series Sheepshead on ZDF.