Moscow Ring Road
MKAD (Russian МКАД, short for Московская кольцевая автомобильная дорога / Moskovskaya Koltsevaya awtomobilnaja doroga; German Moscow ring road ) is the name of the ring road around Moscow. It was completed in 1962 and has a length of 108.9 km. Originally it was primarily a four-lane and had some level of at-grade intersections. Mid-1990s, he was turned into a ten-lane highway, which, inter alia, because the right lane is partially traversed by public buses, however, still not completely correspond to the European motorway standards.
The maximum speed limit on the MKAD is 100 km / h
History
Construction of the highway began in late 1956 at the Yaroslavl highway. The first section was opened to traffic in 1960.
1962, the entire ring was passable. The beltway originally consisted of two double lanes each with 7 meters wide. On the route of the Moskva River is crossed twice:
- Bessedinski most: 1960, Ing RM Galperin, Arch GI Kornejew
- Spassky most: 1962, Ing WD Vasilyev, Arch KP Saveliev
By the year 1980, the ring set at the same time represents the outskirts of Moscow, this changed after 1980, were incorporated as municipalities outside the MKAD, such as the administrative district of Zelenograd.
Presence
Today, even some residential area and airport areas are far outside the MKAD officially the territory of the Russian capital. Mid-1990s, was renovated at the initiative of the Moscow mayor and expanded to five lanes in both directions the MKAD, the median strip has been provided with concrete limitations. The chainage of the MKAD begins at the height of the road Entuziastov. Today, the ring road is often congested, which is attributed to the dimensioning of the slopes and too little space for emergency vehicles.