Nassau-Usingen

Territory of the Holy Roman Empire

The House of Nassau - Usingen is a line of the House of Nassau, and went in 1659 in addition to the lines of Nassau- Saarbrücken and Nassau Ottweiler by division from the House of Nassau -Saarbrücken ( walramischen line) out. From the House of Nassau - Usingen came Friedrich August, the first Duke of Nassau.

5.1 See also
5.2 Literature
5.3 External links

History

Prince Wilhelm Ludwig left three sons, a new division of the Nassau area first names on March 31, 1659: Johann Ludwig was given dominion Ottweiler, Gustav Adolf received the county of Saarbrücken and Walrad received Usingen and became the founder of the new branch.

With the extinction of the lines fall 1723 Saarbrücken, 1728 Ottweiler and Idstein back to Nassau- Usingen. 1735 Saarbrücken is divided again.

Residence of the House of Nassau - Usingen was the city Usingen im Taunus since 1659. Prince Walrad let there built a new castle. In 1744, Prince Charles shifted the residence in the Schloss Biebrich to Biebrich. Even before the castle was used as a summer residence.

1806 joined Nassau- Usingen at the Confederation of the Rhine. In the same year Friedrich August von Nassau- Usingen was elevated to Duke. He puts his country together with that of the sovereign prince William of Nassau -Weilburg. Friedrich August has no male offspring and after the testamentary agreement of the House of Nassau ( Nassau Erbverein ) was William his heir. With the death of Frederick Augustus in 1816, the House of Nassau - Usingen died out in the male line.

The Duchy also included parts of Solms, Wied and other areas. The church property be secularized and the Imperial Knight mediated. These were the Duchy of Nassau awarded after Reichsdeputationshauptschluss as compensation for the loss of territory left of the Rhine. In 1866, the Duchy of Prussia was annexed and is part of the province of Hesse -Nassau. In 1945, the largest part of the former Duchy of Nassau was part of the federal state of Hesse.

Territorial development

When it was founded in 1659, the area included 32 villages with approximately 3,000 inhabitants. Nassau- Usingen consisted of the core area around Usingen with 28 other villages ( Altweilnau, Brombach, Cratzenbach, Dorfweil, Emmershausen, Eschbach, Finsterthal, Gemünden, Gravenwiesbach, Hausen - Arnsbach, Heinz Berg, dog town, Hunoldstal, Laubach, Mauloff, Merzhausen, Mönstadt, Naunstadt, Neuweilnau, Niederlauken, Oberlauken, Riedelbach, Rod on the mountain, Rod at the Weil, Steinfischbach, Treisberg, Westerfeld and winches ) and the enclaves Mensfelden, chain Bach, Rücker and Hausen über Aar. The area was administratively divided into six administrative units: The Offices Office Usingen, Altweilnau Office, Office Neuweilnau, the winery Kirberg that Stockheimer court and the parish Gravenwiesbach.

1728 added the offices Office Idstein, Office, Wiesbaden, Office Saarbrücken, Office Ottweiler and of Lahr. The former countries are reorganized into the offices Office Usingen, office labor and office Burgschwalbach.

In 1735 offices in Saarbrücken and Ottweiler be reintegrated. 1797 fall these two offices back to Nassau- Usingen. With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss Nassau- Usingen was added large areas.

Government and administration

In the first third of the 18th century, a unified management system in Nassau- Usingen developed. While in the forefront was the only central administrative authority of the court with the tutor and the various posts (due to the spatial fragmentation also ) had great leeway, during the reign of Charlotte Amalie from 1718 new structures were introduced. Usingen was expanded as the sole government headquarters, dropped the influence of the offices. Only Saarbrücken retained (due to spatial separation and size) greater autonomy.

First separated Charlotte Amalie the court of the state administration. With the firm order of 1729 administrative and judicial were formally separated on the upper level. Formally, therefore, as officers served in several functions simultaneously. The main body remained the royal household. The chief steward was also the first Privy Council. The office director, also the rank of Privy Council stood in front of the Secret Chancellery. This consisted of the councils of government, the noble and the learned bench and was responsible for all governmental and administrative matters. It was organized by the Provincial principle. The councils had their seat since the 1730s in the offices.

For the finances of the Principality of the Court Chamber was responsible, at whose head stood the Hofkammerrentmeister. The Government College was the highest judicial authority. She was court of appeal for the processes in civil and criminal matters. The first instance was the (upper ) and the government offices in Saarbrücken. As chief authorities, there was still just the government in Saarbrücken and the upper consistory in Usingen. A Privy Council as an independent authority did not exist. The foreign policy was treated by the first Privy Council.

This administrative structure existed until 1769 (though, after moving from the residence based in Wiesbaden). This year, joined Karl Friedrich Freiherr von Kruse his position as first Privy Councillor. To move Kruse to leave his position as Reichshofrat in Vienna, the position and the title of presidents of all colleges and director of the Exchequer was awarded. The Registry Regulations 1770 notified the Secret Chancellery in " State Government " and the Government College in " High Court " to. State government, Hofgereicht, and Consistory Court Chamber received as head of each one director. Kruse, acting as President of the Government led the overall supervision of the four colleges.

Count / Prince

Counts, from 1688 Prince of Nassau- Usingen ( 1640-1806 )

Walrad (1659-1702), ennobled in 1688
Wilhelm Heinrich (1702-1718)
Karl (1718-1775)
Karl Wilhelm (1775-1803)
Friedrich August (1803-1816), in 1806, Duke of Nassau.

Other famous people

Johann Adolph of Nassau- Usingen (1740-1793), Count of Saarbrücken and Saarwerden, French and Royal Prussian Major General