Rakhiv
Rakhov (Ukrainian Рахів; Russian Рахов / Rachow, russinisch Рахово / Rachowo, rarely Rauhau German, Hungarian Rahó, Romanian Rahau, Slovak Rachov, Yiddish Rachew, Rachyw, Polish Rachow ) is a city in the Ukraine in the extreme east of the Transcarpathian Oblast, located on the river Tisza (Ukrainian Тиса / Tisá ) close to the border with Romania. In many publications and maps can be found next to the transliteration Rachiv occasionally the English transcription Rakhiv.
The city is the center of the eponymous Rajons Rakhov and has about 16,000 inhabitants ( 2007). The height above sea level is given as 820 m. The place is nestled in the ridges of the Carpathians. Located near the highest peak of this mountain range means that Howerla increases to up to 2061 m. Rakhov is also the seat of administration of the biosphere reserve Carpathians, which surrounds the world's largest beech - forest areas. These are registered as World Heritage by UNESCO since July 2007.
History
On the origin of the place name Rakhov there are several theories, in which either the verb " reckon " (Ukrainian rachuwaty ) is taken into consideration - so traders should here have made their statements - or the name Rach is suspected as the owner of an early farm.
The first mention of Rakhov, which was originally settled by Hutsul from Galicia, in 1447 as a village within the Kingdom of Hungary. From about 1800 to 1820 State Woodworkers settled at the invitation of the Hungarian government from German settlements in present-day Slovakia to the north of the actual city. Since most of the colonists from the Zips came, they called their settlement Zipserei.
From 1867 it was part of Austria - Hungary. In the postwar turmoil of the First World War Rakhov first joined the Hungarian Soviet Republic, was then briefly occupied by Romania and finally, as the rest of Transcarpathia, affiliated to the newly formed Czechoslovakia. During this time, the mountainous region experienced to Rakhov a tourist heyday, and the place was sometimes called " Hutsulian Paris " means. This phase ended when Hungary first the southwestern parts of Transcarpathia and in the Slovak -Hungarian War in 1939 annexed the rest of the region as a result of the first Vienna Award of 1938. As part of their advance westward in 1944, the Red Army took the region, and in 1945 was quite Transcarpathia part of the Ukrainian Soviet Republic. Since 1991 Rakhov is Rajonzentrum in the independent Ukraine.
Economy and Transport
Near Rakhov there is a border crossing for rail traffic after Sighetu Marmaţiei in Romania ( railroad Sighetu Marmaţiei - Ivano -Frankivsk ), which, however, is not in operation due to flood damage at the time. In the city, inter alia, the work of the furniture industry operates, it is also mineral water produced. Rakhov is known as the "gateway to the Carpathians " and attracts increasingly tourism revenues. There are several hotels of different categories and restaurants. In the vicinity is the winter sports area Drahobrat.
Special
The construction of the railway line Sighetu Marmaţiei - Ivano-Frankivsk from 1885-1887, the region was connected to the railway network of Austria - Hungary. By surveying during construction found the engineers to have calibrated the geographical center of Europe. After a thorough review of Viennese scientists confirmed this hypothesis. Therefore, in 1887 a 2 m high geodetic monument was built of concrete, which is preserved in its original today. The stele is provided with a plaque with a Latin inscription: