UEFA European Championship
The UEFA European Football Championship (English: UEFA European Football Championship ), short even EM, is organized by the European football association UEFA football tournament to determine the continental champion. The first two tournaments were held in 1960 and 1964 under the name of European Nations' Cup. 1966 declared the UEFA competition officially for European Football Championship. Precursor to the European Cup of Nations was the European Cup national soccer teams. The European Champion qualifies each for the FIFA Confederations Cup.
- 4.1 Ranking
History
The idea of a European Championship was proposed by Henri Delaunay, the secretary general of the French Football Federation, Fédération Française de Football, in 1927 and first implemented in the European Cup of the national soccer teams. Shortly after the founding of a successor UEFA tournament was launched under the name of European Nations' Cup. This tournament was declared by the UEFA 1966 European Football Championship. The qualification for the first European Cup of Nations began in France in 1958. Delaunay honor wears the trophy of the tournament until today the name Coupe Henri Delaunay.
The details in the process have changed several times over the years and adapted for a larger number of participants. Except for the organizers - - a total of up to 18 games necessary Reichten the Soviet Union in 1960 four games to win the European Cup Winners' Cup, so are now.
The European champions must requalify for the subsequent tournament, which Spain (1968 ), Italy ( 1972) and France ( 1988) did not succeed. In the first years of the final round, it was more difficult to qualify, due to the smaller number of participants at this time for the European Championship as for the World Cup.
The winner of the UEFA European Football Championship is the same as the world champion, the hosts and the winners of the other five continental competitions qualified for the next FIFA Confederations Cup since 1992.
Rules
The competition is divided into an upstream and a final qualifying tournament in the host country.
Current mode
Take it since 1996 A total of 16 teams in the finals of a European Championship that were previously successful in the European Championship qualifying round. They are divided into four groups of four teams. Each team completed because within a group, each team plays each of the three group matches. The top two teams from each group will progress to the quarter-finals, from there apply the knockout system, the loser of each game is eliminated. A small final for the third place between the losers of the semi-finals was the last time you played in 1980.
From the European Championship 2016 total of 24 teams will compete in 6 groups instead of 16 teams divided into 4 groups. Also the four best third will then be for the knockout stages alongside the group winners and runners from each group qualify.
Nations League
In March 2014, UEFA, the introduction of Nations League decided. After the World Cup 2018 in Russia all the national teams friendly games in the Nations League will be played. In four divisions AD, each with four sub-groups occur three to four teams in the period from September to November 2018 against each other. 2019 play the four division winners in a " Final Four tournament" for the title of Nations League champion. In addition, also played ascent and descent within the Nations League. For the EM 2020, 20 teams will qualify directly, four non- qualified teams from the Nations League get the chance at the playoff participation in March 2020 so that each division another nation at the European Football Championship in 2020 can participate.
Historically
1960 and 1964, the final was played only four teams. To qualify, found including the quarter-finals pure knockout rounds in home and away matches in the home countries of the teams taking place. Only the semi-finals and finals were singles matches in a host country, however, should be in the competition for the semi-finals still qualify.
For the " UEFA Euro " in Italy in 1968, Belgium in 1972 and Yugoslavia in 1976 qualifying matches were preceded into eight groups. The eight group winners determined in the quarter-finals by return game four participants. The final round was held as in the two previous tournaments.
From the Euro in Italy in 1980, the host for an extended eight -team finals was automatically qualified. In seven groups, seven other participants who were then divided with the team of the host into two groups qualified. The group first played in the final, the runners for 3rd place.
The tournaments in France in 1984, West Germany in 1988 and Sweden in 1992 were held with eight finalists. To determine the finalists semi-finals have now been carried out between the first and second placed teams from the two groups. For this accounted for the match for third place, which was therefore the last time in 1980 discharged.
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, the number of UEFA members had increased significantly and the marketing had always greater success, found from the tournament in England in 1996, the European Championship finals with 16 participants into 4 groups and a knock-out system instead of from the quarter- finals. The qualification was performed depending on the number of participants and to be awarded final places ( 15 tournaments with a host country, 14 in tournaments in two countries ) in many different skill groups with eventual relegation matches the runners-up.
Variants of the knockout system
By 1968 there were in the semi-finals in a draw after extra time the drawing of lots, finals were repeated at a draw after extra time. In 1976, the penalty shootout was introduced, which also had to be applied in the final of the same year immediately. 1996 and 2000 was the golden goal rule by which each also the finals were decided. 2004 was the Silver - goal rule, which was only once, immediately abolished again in the semi-final between Greece and the Czech Republic, was applied and after the tournament. Since 2008 finals games will be decided again with guaranteed two 15-minute extra time and, if necessary, followed by a penalty shootout.
Erstteilnahmen
To date ( EM 2012), there was always at least one football team that participated for the first time at a European Football Championship finals. Below is a list of the 30 first-time participants, each with the then valid flags and names. In addition, four countries are listed in parentheses, participating only with a new name for the first time at a European Championship. Nevertheless, these countries are sometimes referred to in the media as freshmen. These "newbies " but took over in the statistics of UEFA fully the results and titles of their predecessors - and, accordingly, their debut date. A special case are the Czech Republic and Slovakia, both of which are regarded as successors of Czechoslovakia at UEFA and both each took their title. Therefore, the UEFA counts in their statistics, 26 countries (more precisely " associations " ), who participated at least once in a European Championship finals. A total of 53 national football associations are represented in the UEFA.
- Fat spelled teams were in their first appearance at the finals tournament winner.
- Italics teams were at their first participation in a tournament organizer, the organizer until 1976 but was determined only after a successful qualification.
The tournaments at a glance
Ranking
Most games
Still active players are in bold.
Note: Italics year = without the use
Final placements
Explanation:
Eternal finals table
As of July 1, 2012 ( after the end of Euro 2012 )
The ranking is calculated according to the three- point rule.
( a) including games, which were then decided by a penalty shootout ( are goals from penalty shootout not considered) ( b ) Results of the DFB team ( The communications team of the GDR never took part in the finals of a European Championship. ) ( c ) including results Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia until 1992 ( d) including results of the Soviet Union Soviet Union until 1988 and the (CIS CIS) to 1992 ( e) results only for Yugoslavia Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until 2000 and Serbia and Montenegro Serbia and Montenegro until 2004