1868 in music

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Events

Premieres

• February 3: The 1866 resulting Symphony No. 1 by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky is first performed completely.
• March 5: The premiere of the first version of the opera Mefistofele by Arrigo Boito place at the Teatro alla Scala in Milan and gets very bad reviews.
• April 11: The operetta La fleur du thé ( The tea flower ) by Alexandre Charles Lecocq on the libretto by Henri Chivot and Alfred Duru will be premiered at the Théâtre l' Athénée -Comique in Paris.
• The pianist and conductor Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein plans in May to give a concert in Paris as a conductor and asks his friend Camille Saint- Saëns, but to compose a work. This then composed in just 17 days his second piano concerto. The first performance of the Piano Concerto on May 13, in which the composer plays the piano part, is due to the short preparation time to a failure. In the audience, however, is also Franz Liszt, which recognizes the compositional qualities of the work, and Saint- Saëns encouraged to continue to perform the work, which soon became very popular.
• MAY 16: The premiere of the opera Dalibor by Bedrich Smetana with the libretto by Josef Wenzig occurs during the foundation stone laying ceremony of the National Theatre in České Divadlo Prozatímní ( Provisional Theatre ) in Prague. The premiere will be well received, but in the following weeks Smetana is made of Czech national circles the accusation, with the introduction of the leitmotif " Germanized " the music.
• 21 June: The opera Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg by Richard Wagner is first performed under the direction of Hans von Bülow at the National Theatre in Munich.
• September 30: The premiere of one-act operetta L' ile de Tulipatan ( The island Tulipatan ) by Jacques Offenbach will take place in Paris at the Théâtre des Bouffes.
• October 6: In the Théâtre des Variétés Jacques Offenbach's operetta La Périchole will be premiered with the libretto by Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halévy. Offenbach's favorite singer Hortense Schneider shines in the title role.

Others

Born

• JANUARY 26: Juventino Rosas, Mexican musician and composer († 1894)
• JANUARY 28: Julián Aguirre, Argentine composer, pianist and music teacher († 1924)
• February 1: Gustav Zeitzschel, German opera singers († 1951)

• MARCH 8: Georges Guiraud, a French composer, organist and music teacher († 1928)
• MARCH 19: Luigi Stefano Giardia, Italian composer, cellist and music teacher († 1952)
• March 23: John Carson, American country musician († 1949)

• April 4: Fredrik Wilhelm Gomnaes, Norwegian composer († 1925)
• April 15: Francisco Braga, Brazilian composer († 1945)
• APRIL 16: Charles Silver, French composer († 1949)
• April 18: Irene Chavanne, Austrian alto singer († 1938)
• APRIL 19: Max von Schillings, German composer, conductor and theater director († 1933)
• April 22: José Vianna da Motta, Portuguese composer and pianist († 1948)

• MAY 31: Jane Avril, French dancer († 1943)
• June 3: Georg Jarno, Hungarian composer and conductor († 1920)
• June 3: Henning Mankell, Swedish composer († 1930)
• July 17: Thorvald Otter power, American composer († 1942)

• August 5: Oskar Merikanto, Finnish composer († 1924)
• August 7: Granville Bantock, English composer († 1946)
• August 16th: Charles Sanford Skilton, American composer and organist († 1941)
• AUGUST 26: Henry Franklin Gilbert, American composer († 1928)

• OCTOBER 20: Gabriel Montoya, French singer and lyricist († 1914)
• November 13: Pierre Maurice, Swiss composer († 1936)
• November 24: Scott Joplin, American composer and pianist († 1917)

• December 8: Giacomo Setaccioli, Italian composer († 1925)
• December 11: Ernst Henrik Ellberg, Swedish composer († 1948)
• December 25: La Belle Otéro, Spanish revue dancer, singer († 1965)

• Karl Nováček, Czech cellist, conductor and military bandmaster († 1929)
• Ramón Emilio Peralta, Dominican composer, conductor, music educator and saxophonist († 1941)

Died

• January 3: Moritz Hauptmann, German composer, violinist and music theorist (* 1792)
• January 7: William Batchelder Bradbury, American composer (* 1816)

• FEBRUARY 25: Sophie Schröder, German singer and actress (* 1781)
• March 2: Franz Carl Adelbert Eberwein, music director and conductor of the Grand Ducal opera in Weimar ( * 1786)

• April 3: Franz Berwald, Swedish composer and violinist (* 1796)
• June 5: Anselm Hüttenbrenner, Austrian composer and music critic (* 1794)

• Berl Broder, Jewish folk poet and minstrel (* 1815)