Carnia

Carnia Carnia Italian, Friulian Cjargne (default), Cjargna, Cjargno (local dialect) is an area in the Carnic Alps, in northeastern Italy in the Friuli- Venezia Giulia, province of Udine. Administrative center is Tolmezzo.

Location and landscape

The valley landscape lies between the Carnic main ridge and the Carnic Alps, on top Tagliamento. It forms the northwestern part of the Friuli countryside.

To the north it borders Carinthia in Austria, on the west by the Cadore in Belluno, on the south by the province of Pordenone (both Veneto), in the east on Canal del Ferro -Val Canale.

The Carnian valleys

Carnia has four main valleys - the name canale, Friulian cjanâl describes the typical local linear gradients.

• Valle del But, Canale di San Pietro ( Cjanâl di Sant Pieri )
• Val Chiarsò, Canale di Incaroio ( Cjanâl di Incjaroi )
• Val Degano, Grand Gorto ( Cjanâl di Guart )
• Val Tagliamento ( Cjanâl di Soclêf, Petecarie )

Small side valleys are:

• Valcalda ( Valcjalde, Cjanâl di Monai )
• Val Lumiei ( Valade dal Lumiei )
• Pesarina ( Cjanâl Pedarç )
• Pontaiba Val (Val Pontaibe )

Communities

The 28 municipalities of Carnia are:

History

Carnia was inhabited from the 4th century BC by the Celtic tribe of the Karnier, of which the present-day countries and landscapes of Carinthia and Carnia have their names. Already in the 2nd century BC the area was conquered by the Romans. With the fall of the Roman Empire the area was first under the rule of the Ostrogoths, some of which have received Gothic words in Friulian, the Lombards. In the 8th century Carnia came under the rule of the Carolingians and the sequence ( 825-976 ) to the Duchy of Bavaria belonging Karantania (Carinthia ), the later Duchy of Carinthia ( from 976 ). As of the end of the 11th century, it was built by Emperor Henry IV annexed to the Patriarchate of Aquileia. With the conquest of the Patriarchate by the Republic of Venice came in 1420 also Carnia under Venetian rule and was eliminated from the Holy Roman Empire of association. In 1796 it came with Veneto Austria, Italy 1866.

Culture

Official and spoken language is Italian. The local population largely speaks Friulian, a Rhaeto-Romanic language. In addition, the German language islands have Zahre ( Sauris ) obtained Tischlwang ( Timau ), where Tyrolean German (mainly Pusteria ) or Carinthian dialect is spoken. The German language islands Carnia today are in close contact with the German language islands in Tarvis Valley, in Veneto ( Bladen, seven municipalities, Thirteen municipalities) and Trentino ( Lusern and Fersental ).