Drohobych

Drohobytsch (Ukrainian Дрогобич; Russian Дрогобыч / Drogobytsch, Polish Drohobicz; Yiddish דראָביטש ) is a Ukrainian town with 77,200 inhabitants ( 2004). It is located in the Lviv Oblast south of the district capital of Lemberg, which is also the nearest large city.

For the municipality is also one nor the city Stebnyk ( Стебник ).

History of the City

Drohobytsch was founded in the late 11th century. The city was known for its salt mines. She was already in the 14th century a center of salt production. From 1340 to 1772 the city was part of the Ziemia Przemyska (Polish: Przemysl country) in the Kingdom of Poland, while from 1569 to 1772 to the Province Ruthenia, an administrative unit of the Polish-Lithuanian Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, belonged.

From 1772 to 1918 Drohobytsch was part of the Austrian crown land of Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. In the 18th century a school of Ukrainian Brotherhood was founded and later became a high school. Since 1896, the school was housed in a building that is now the main building of the Pedagogical Institute. This school visited the young Ivan Franko, who was born in a nearby village. End of the 19th century oil was found near the city. Then began a boom. In 1880 there were already 36 oil companies in Drohobytsch. The population grew quickly, all hoping for work and a modest living. But the living conditions were hard, and the region became known as " Galician Hell".

From 1919 to 1939, the town belonged to Poland and was here in 1921 in the Province of Lviv. Before the Second World War Drohobytsch had about 35,000 inhabitants, of whom 35 per cent and 20 per cent of Ukrainians Poland. Many inhabitants were Jews who denied as workers in the oil pits their livelihood. 1939 occupied the Red Army, as agreed in the secret protocol of the German -Soviet non-aggression pact, the city. 1941, the German Wehrmacht during a raid on the Soviet Union Drohobytsch. The SS forced the Jewish population together, set up a large ghetto and deported them to the liquidation of the ghetto in July 1943 to extermination camps. On 6 August 1944, the Red Army occupied the city again.

In 1945, the city with the eastern regions of Poland to the Soviet Union and thus became part of the Ukrainian SSR. The Polish population was expelled.

See also: History of Galicia, history of Poland, Second Republic, History of Ukraine

Twinning

• United States Buffalo, United States
• Poland Legnica, Poland
• Poland Olecko, Poland
• Ostrzeszów Poland, Poland
• Dęblin Poland, Poland

Personalities

• Yuri Drohobytsch (1450-1494), Ukrainian astronomer, astrologer, physician and philosopher
• Maurycy Gottlieb (1856-1879), Polish painter
• Ivan Franko (1856-1916), Ukrainian poet and writer
• Ephraim Moses Lilien (1874-1925), German Jewish painter
• Bruno Schulz (1892-1942), Polish writer and painter
• Joseph Wilder (1895-1976), Austrian- American neurologist and psychiatrist
• Isaac Hall Mann (1896-1942), educator and director of the Jewish orphanage in Fuerth, Bavaria
• Elisabeth Bergner (1897-1986), Austrian- English actress
• David Horovitz (1899-1979), Israeli economist, the first governor of the Bank of Israel
• Shin Shalom ( Shalom Yosef Shapira ) ( 1905-1990 ), Israeli Hebrew poet
• Adam Zielinski (1929-2010), Polish- Austrian writer
• Alfred Schreyer ( * 1922 ), opera singer and musician
• Viktor Vekselberg Felixowitsch (* 1957), Russian oligarch
• Volodymyr Bileka ( b. 1979 ), Ukrainian cyclist
• Yaroslav Popovych ( born 1980 ), Ukrainian cyclist