EUR, Rome
Esposizione Universale di Roma (Italian, Rome Universal Exhibition ) is the name of a built from 1938 in the south of Rome, the new district, which is usually only in its short form is used EUR. In EUR should take place in 1942 under the motto of a Olimpiade della Civiltà (Olympics of cultures ) according to the will of Mussolini, the World's Fair. The project name was E42 ( Esposizione 1942) and moved so that in addition to the World's Fair and the 20th anniversary of the fascist seizure of power by one, the scheduled date of the modern world exhibition in 1941 had been postponed at the request of Mussolini to one year. The area now forms the quarters XXXII. Europe in the district IX. EUR.
History
After an intensive planning phase Marcello Piacentini was able to present the final project in 1938. Of urban planning, it connects the historical center of Rome on the Via Cristoforo Colombo, with the sea at Ostia, in line with the fascist directive " Rome to the sea ". The floor plan is characterized by the classic Roman city planning with Cardo and Decumanus and associates at the intersections of major and minor axes central monumental buildings that have been partially awarded through competitions to other architects. Unlike previous World Expo areas the central buildings of the E42 after the end of the exhibition should not be removed, but form the core of a new fascist city system. They were therefore built with high architectural standards and effort from representative materials such as marble and travertine. The architecture of E42 is characterized by tension between the dominant neo-classical style of the Scuola Romana by Marcello Piacentini and the Razionalismo about a Adalberto Libera.
Until 1942, was built to EUR, Italy's entry into the war and the end of the fascist government in 1943 led to the end of the project and the construction activity. After 1951, the completion under different urban objectives. So, in the south of the major axis to the 1960 Olympics the Palazzo dello Sport, today PalaLottomatica, by Pier Luigi Nervi and Piacentini, on the foundations of the great theater in Piazza Imperiale now stands the Grattacielo Italia. EUR has already received a 1955 metro connections to Termini and became an administrative center and expensive residential area.
Important buildings
The most famous building in EUR is the Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana (Palace of the Italian Civilization, and Palazzo della Civiltà del Lavoro or Colosseo quadrato alluding to the Colosseum ), which was originally home to an exhibition on the history of Italian civilization through to fascism.
Other key buildings in the first phase:
- Palazzo dei Congressi e Ricevimenti (Congress Palace) by Adalberto Libera
- Archivio Centrale dello Stato ( State Archives ) by Mario De Renzi and Gino Pollini
- Museo della Civilta Romana by Pietro Aschieri
- Chiesa dei Santi Pietro e Paolo by Arnaldo Foschini
- Stele for Guglielmo Marconi Arturo Dazzi