Fritz Schäffer
Fritz Schäffer ( born May 12, 1888 in Munich, † March 29, 1967 in Berchtesgaden ) was a German politician ( BVP and CSU).
It was 1945, the first Bavarian Minister- President after World War II. From 1949 to 1957 he was the Federal Minister of Finance and from 1957 to 1961 Minister of Justice.
Education and work
Schaeffer was born on 12 May 1888 as the son of the future post office director Gottfried Schaffer and his wife Amalie, born Mayr, in Munich. He attended Catholic elementary school in Ingolstadt and the humanistic Gymnasium in Neuburg an der Donau and Munich. After graduating from high school in 1907 in Munich Schäffer holds a degree in law and political science in Munich, which he finished in 1911 with the first and 1916 with the second legal state examination. In 1908 a member of the fraternity Apollo (now Munich fraternity Franco - Bavaria ). In World War I he enlisted as a volunteer in 1914 and served as a soldier in the Royal Bavarian Infantry Life Guards and the Royal Bavarian 15th Infantry Regiment " King Friedrich August of Saxony" at the front. In 1917 he was dismissed because of a shock state from military service. He was assessor in the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior, 1918 county assessor in Kelheim and 1920 Senior Government in the Ministry of Education and Culture. As a result of the takeover of power by the National Socialists Schäffer was dismissed from the civil service and arrested on 26 June 1933. After his release in 1934, he was admitted to the bar. After the assassination attempt of July 20, 1944 he was arrested again under the action grid and sent to the Dachau concentration camp.
Party
From 1918 until its dissolution in 1933 Schäffer was a member of the Bavarian People 's Party ( BVP ). In 1918 he founded the BVP- Ortsverband Kelheim. From 1929 he was chairman of the BVP.
1945 was one of the founders of Schäffer CSU and became its Chairman in Munich. From 1946 until early 1948, told him the military government in political activities. In January 1948 he was Chairman of the CSU district of Upper Bavaria, but resigned because of an internal party leadership dispute on September 14, 1948, the CSU again. Previously, he had been negotiating with the Bayern party even on a transfer of the entire CSU Regional Chapter Upper Bavaria for BP. However, the negotiations broke down on radical Bavarian wing of the BP to Ludwig Lallinger and Jacob Fischbacher. So Schäffer 1949 again a member of the CSU, in which he represented the " Bavarian- statist - Catholic " wing, while the led " liberal- conservative interdenominational " wing of Josef Müller.
Member of Parliament
From 1920 to 1933 Schäffer was a member of the Bavarian State Parliament for the constituency of Kelheim -Main Burg- Rottenburg.
From 1949 to 1961 he was a member of the German Bundestag. Here he was from September 1 to September 20, 1949 Deputy Chairman of the CDU / CSU parliamentary group and next from 7 to September 20, 1949 Chairman of the CSU party.
Fritz Schäffer is always drawn as a directly elected representative of the constituency of Passau in the Bundestag. Reasons of age, he did not run in the general election in 1961.
Public offices
From September 16 1931 to March 16, 1933 Schäffer was commissioned as a State Council with the conduct of the affairs of the Bavarian Ministry of Finance.
From 28 May to 28 September 1945, he was the first used by the American military government Bavarian Minister- President after World War II. During this time he also led the Bavarian Ministry of Finance.
On September 20, 1949 Fritz Schäffer was appointed Federal Minister of Finance in the cabinet of Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. He is the only finance minister who ansparte a credit, which you jokingly called Julius tower. After the parliamentary elections of 1957, he moved on 29 October 1957, the Federal Ministry of Justice. Because he wanted to leave the policy with the federal election in 1961, he retired from the federal government on 14 November 1961.
Criticism
Schäffer was released by the American military government as prime minister because he had their view not sufficiently cleaned by the Civil Service of former Nazi party members.
While Schaffer activity as finance minister came in the wake of the German reparations policy clashes with the SPD deputies Adolf Arndt, who have entered into the history of science as " affair Schäffer ". Arndt criticized in various parliamentary debates of 1954, amends the policy of the government. Schäffer, he accused, among other things, not only personally indebted delay in processing, but also the Unequal distribution. To supply instead persecuted by the Nazi regime, they had provided members of the Condor Legion or the Nazi ideologues Otto Koellreutter from " taxpayers' money a sheep patient democracy " with the higher payments.