Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Henri of Nassau ( born April 16, 1955 Castle Betz Betz village in the village ) is since October 7, 2000 Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Duke of Nassau. In the German -speaking world, he is also known as Heinrich.
He performs as a full title "His Royal Highness Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Duke of Nassau, Prince of Bourbon -Parma, Count of Sayn, Königstein, Katzenelenbogen and Diez, Burggraf von Hammerstein, Lord of Mahlberg, Wiesbaden, Idstein, Merenberg, Limburg and Eppstein ".
The Article 3 of the Constitution of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg states: " The Crown of the Grand Duchy is hereditary in the family of Nassau, in conformity of the Treaty of 30 June 1783 of Article 71 of the Vienna treatise on 9 June 1815 and the London Treaty of 11 May 1867. "
The agreement dated June 30, 1783, the Nassau Erbverein through which the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is inherited until today within each of the Nassau family.
Line
HRH Grand Duke Henri HRH Grand Duchess Maria Teresa
- HRH Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume HRH Hereditary Grand Duchess Stéphanie
- HRH Prince Félix HRH Princess Claire
- HRH Prince Louis HRH Princess Tessy
- HRH Princess Alexandra
- HRH Prince Sébastien
HRH Grand Duke Jean
- IKKH Princess Marie -Astrid
- HRH Prince Jean HRH Princess Diane
- HRH Princess Margaretha
- HRH Prince Guillaume HRH Princess Sibilla
With the death of Grand Duke William IV of the House of Nassau -Weilburg Nassau became extinct in the whole house direct legitimate male line. Through the female succession of his daughters Maria- Adelheid and Charlotte the Nassau line is, however, continue. Through the marriage of Charlotte with Prince Felix of Bourbon- Parma, the dynasty of the Nassauer went on in that of Bourbon -Parma. As this title has the same rank of not reigning Duke as that of Nassau -Weilburg and political reasons, the Grand Ducal family, however, still calls " Nassau " (Article 3 of the Constitution, the House of Nassau is set as the ruling house ). This dynastic situation is also evident from the large coat of arms of Henri's. It includes both the coat of arms of Luxembourg and Nassau as well as that of Bourbon- Parma ( three lilies of the kings of France, red edge of the Dukes of Anjou ). For this symbolism its title reads as " Grand Duke of Luxembourg from the house of Nassau, gone out of the house of Bourbon -Parma " from.
Life
Henri was born at Castle Betz village, the eldest son of the Grand Ducal couple Jean and Joséphine Charlotte. He has four siblings: Princess Marie Astrid, Archduchess of Austria today (* 1954), and Prince Jean of Nassau ( b. 1957 ), Princess Margaretha of Liechtenstein ( b. 1957 ) and Prince Guillaume of Nassau ( b. 1963 ). He attended schools in Luxembourg and France. In 1973, the year of his majority, he was given the title Grand Duke awarded and took over from then on representative tasks. Until October 1980, Henri studied political science at the University of Geneva. During his studies he met his current wife Maria Teresa Mestre, whom he married on 14 February 1981. Together they have five children, the sons Guillaume, Felix, Louis and Sebastian, and a daughter, Alexandra.
For military training, he was at the Royal Academy of Sandhurst in England.
Henri was sworn in following the voluntary abdication of his father, Jean Grand Duke of Luxembourg on 7 October 2000.
On 17 and March 18, 2006 bored Grand Duke Henri and his son, the Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume and his wife to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the establishment of the Duchy of Nassau in Wiesbaden, formerly the residence of the Nassau dukes, today capital of the German state of Hesse.
He speaks Luxembourgish, English, French and German. He's Honour and Devotion Grand Cross of the Order of Malta - Bailli.
Institutional political crisis December 2, 2008
As announced on 2 December 2008, Henri informed the Luxembourg Prime Minister Jean -Claude Juncker, that he would refuse to sign under the planned and soon to be second vote euthanasia law for reasons of conscience. The signing by the monarch was still a necessary according to the constitution prerequisite for a Luxembourg law validity obtained (previous version of Article 34. " Confirmed The Grand Duke and proclaimed the laws He gives its resolution within three months of the decision of the Chamber of Deputies known. "). This would be the first time since 1912 that the reigning Grand Duke refused to sign an Act of Parliament.
Jean -Claude Juncker said that, although he shared the concerns of the Grand Duke, a bill passed by the Parliament Act should also apply. In response, the government and all political groups in the Parliament agreed on a constitutional amendment that the Grand Duke formally deposed and the future gave him only the task of laws to " preach " - the word "confirmed" ( sanctionne ) in Article 34 of the Constitution has been deleted. The Parliament voted in first reading of this amendment with 56 votes in favor with one abstention on 11 December 2008. A petition against the constitutional amendment failed on 11 February 2009 with only 796 instead of the required 25,000 signatures, so that on 12 March 2009 adopted all 52 deputies present in the second reading the law on constitutional amendments. Also, the Grand Duke, who had for the last time approve a law, agreed. So the law on euthanasia with the signatures of Grand Duke Henri and Health Minister Mars Di Bartolomeo could be published in the Official Journal.
According to the American business magazine Forbes Grand Duke Henri is the most underrated monarch in the world, as far as the assets. Thus, the private wealth is estimated at 4.6 billion euros (2006). The Belgian newspaper Het Laatste Nieuws published in September 2007, a list of the richest monarchs in Europe, the Grand Duke Henri with a fortune of 1.2 billion euros is "only" out in fourth place among the European monarchs, behind Prince Hans -Adam II. of Liechtenstein ( 3 billion euros ), the British Queen Elizabeth II ( 1.8 billion euros ) and the Spanish King Juan Carlos I ( 1.7 billion euros ).
Medals and honors
Order (selection)
The Portrait of Grand Duke Henri emblazoned on a total of 16 different euro coins (as of 2011). To see it is on all eight Luxembourg Euro coins and eight 2- euro commemorative coins (7 Luxembourg, 1 Belgian). No other person is depicted more often than he to euro coins.
Drive up
Duke Charles III. (Parma) (1823-1854) ∞ 1845 princess Louise Marie Thérèse of France (1819-1864)
King Michael I. (Portugal ) (1802-1866) ∞ 1851 princess Adelaide of Löwenstein -Wertheim -Rosenberg (1831-1909)
Grand Duke Adolph (1817-1905) ∞ 1851 princess Marie Adelheid of Anhalt- Dessau (1833-1916)
King Michael I. (Portugal ) (1802-1866) ∞ 1851 princess Adelaide of Löwenstein -Wertheim -Rosenberg (1831-1909)
Prince Philippe of Belgium, Count of Flanders (1837-1905) ∞ 1867 princess Maria Luise von Hohenzollern -Sigmaringen (1845-1912)
Duke Carl Theodor in Bavaria (1839-1909) ∞ 1874 infanta Maria Josepha of Portugal (1857-1943)
King Oscar II (Sweden) (1829-1907) ∞ 1857 princess Sophia of Nassau (1836-1913)
King Frederick VIII (Denmark) (1843-1912) ∞ 1869 princess Louise of Sweden (1851-1926)
Duke Robert I. (Parma) (1848-1907) ∞ 1884 infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal (1862-1959)
Grand Duke William IV (1852-1912) ∞ 1893 infanta Maria Anna of Portugal (1861-1942)
King Albert I. (Belgium) ( 1875-1934 ) ∞ 1900 duchess Elisabeth Gabriele in Bavaria (1876-1965)
Prince Carl of Sweden, Duke of Västergötland (1861-1951) ∞ 1897 princess Ingeborg Charlotte of Denmark (1878-1958)
Prince Felix of Bourbon- Parma (1893-1970) ∞ 1919 Grand Duchess Charlotte (1896-1985)
King Leopold III. (Belgium) ( 1901-1983 ) ∞ 1926 Princess Astrid of Sweden (1905-1935)
Grand Duke Jean ( b. 1921 ) ∞ 1953 Princess Josephine Charlotte of Belgium (1927-2005)
Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg ( b. 1955 )
Progeny
In September 2010, Grand Duke Henri had regulate the succession to the throne of the house of Luxembourg - Nassau Family Pact of 1783 new, so that in the future each of the first-born to the throne, regardless of whether it is a son or a daughter.
- Guillaume Jean Joseph Marie (born 11 November 1981), Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg Stéphanie de Lannoy ∞ (born 18 February 1984)
- Félix Marie Guillaume Leopold (born 3 June 1984) ∞ Claire Lademacher
- Louis Xavier Marie Guillaume ( born August 3, 1986) ∞ Tessy Antony
- Alexandra Joséphine Teresa Charlotte Marie Wilhelmine (born 16 February 1991)
- Sébastien Henri Marie Guillaume (born 16 April 1992)
Sons of Prince Louis and Tessy Antony his wife, since 2006 de Nassau, on the national holiday in 2009 by Henri to Princesse de Luxembourg collected:
- Gabriel Michael Louis Ronny de Nassau (born 12 March 2006), charged by the Henri Prince de Nassau in 2009
- Noah Guillaume de Nassau (born 21 September 2007), charged by the Henri Prince de Nassau in 2009