La Cluse-et-Mijoux
La Cluse- et- Mijoux is a commune in the French department Doubs in the Franche -Comté.
Geography
La Cluse- et- Mijoux is located 860 meters above sea level, about four kilometers south-southeast of the town of Pontarlier (air line). The village is located in the Jura, in the valley of the Doubs, at a narrow point beneath the Château de Joux, at Südwestfuß Montagne du Larmont, near the border with Switzerland.
The area of 22:50 km ² municipal area includes a portion of the French Jura. The central part of the area is occupied by the valley of the Doubs, which has a maximum of one kilometer wide flat valley floor. Through this wide Talniederung meanders of the Doubs and drains the area to the north. In the valley stretch at various points from bogs. On an isolated, partly rocky hill in the middle of the valley, the Château de Joux is located. In the West, the Doubs Valley is the height of the Montagne du Laveron flanked ( to 1015 m). On the east side of the anticline of the Montagne du Larmont rises.
To the east, the municipality's area extends into the broad valley of the Vallon des Verrières, which leads on to the Swiss Val de Travers. It is drained by the Ruisseau de la Morte to Doubs. The south adjacent to this valley heights of Mont des Verrières and Roche Sarrasine belong to the community. Here it is with 1199 m reaches the highest elevation of La Cluse- et- Mijoux. With a narrow strip of communal land extends south into the narrow valley of the Fontaine Ronde, following a major, the Jura crossing fault line. While the Talniederung is passed outside the wetlands largely with meadowland, show the plateaus a loose structure of pasture and forest.
The municipality of La Cluse- et- Mijoux consists of several hamlets, hamlets and farm groups, including:
- La cluse (860 m) at the eastern edge of the valley of the Doubs, at the northern entrance to the gorge-like passage between Château de Joux and Fort du Larmont Inférieur
- Le Frambourg ( 861 m), a transportation hub at the southern entrance to the gorge-like passage between Château de Joux and Fort du Larmont Inférieur
- Les Angles ( 860 m) at the southern foot of the hill from the Chateau de Joux
- La Gauffre ( 876 m) at the entrance to the Valley of Fontaine Ronde
- Chapelle Mijoux ( 996 m) on a terrace on the eastern flank of the Combe de la Fontaine Ronde
- Montpetot ( 995 m) on a terrace below the Roche Sarrasine
- Le Creux ( 878 m) in the Vallon des Verrières the Ruisseau de la Morte
- Les Gauffrés lingerie ( 945 m) on the southern flank of the Vallon des Verrières
- Les Brenets ( 1065m ) on a Verebnungsfläche on the southern slopes of the Montagne du Larmont
Neighboring communities of La Cluse- et- Mijoux are Pontarlier in the north, Verrières -de -Joux in the east, Fourgs, Les Hôpitaux -Vieux and Montperreux in the south and Oye -et -Pallet and Granges- Narboz in the West.
History
The history of La Cluse- et- Mijoux is closely linked with that of the Château de Joux. Very little is known about the origins of this medieval castle. Is first mentioned the castle in 1034, then under the name Miroaltum Castrum. It belonged to the noble family de Joux, which occupied an important position between the Franche-Comté and the Vaud dominions since that time. The castle controlled two major transport routes which crossed the Jura. At the foot of the castle rock developed in the Middle Ages a settlement. In the 15th century, the ownership changed several times before the castle in 1507 came to the Free County of Burgundy. During the Thirty Years' War it was occupied in 1639 by troops of Duke Bernhard of Saxe- Weimar. Together with the Franche -Comté reached the castle and La Cluse- et- Mijoux with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678 to France. According to plans by Vauban, the Château de Joux was expanded into a major frontier fortress and site of a garrison. Since the time of the French Revolution La cluse and Mijoux formed a double community. Today La Cluse- et- Mijoux is a member of the comprehensive 10 villages municipal association Communauté de communes du Larmont.
Attractions
The Château de Joux on his striking rock hill is one of the most emblematic places of Franche -Comté. The oldest parts date from the 12th century; Extensions were made in the 15th and 16th centuries, while the conversion into a garrison fortress in the 17th century came under Vauban. Today, the Château de Joux is surrounded by five mounting rings. Also for the fastening system of the Fort de Joux is one of the Fort du Larmont Inférieur (also called Fort Mahler ), located at 1010 m altitude on the eastern side of the narrow valley on the slopes of the Montagne du Larmont and was built from 1844 to 1851.
The parish church of Saint- Pierre was built in 1698 and enlarged in 1734. In the hamlets Chapelle- Mijoux and Montpetot are chapels.
Population
With 1219 inhabitants ( 1 January 2011) La Cluse- et- Mijoux one of the smaller communities of the department of Doubs. After the population had decreased in the first half of the 20th century (1906 995 persons were still counted ), a continuous population growth was recorded since the mid-1950s again.
Economy and infrastructure
La Cluse- et- Mijoux has long been a predominantly coined by agriculture, especially dairy farming and animal husbandry, as well as by the forestry village. Today the town thrives on tourism. There are also some plants of small and medium industries, including in the sectors food industry, construction and woodworking. Meanwhile, the village has also changed into a residential community. Many workers are commuters who engage in the larger towns in the vicinity of their work.
The town is a regional transportation hub in the Jura. It lies on the main road N57, which runs from Pontarlier on the Col de Jougne to Vallorbe. In the district of Le Frambourg is the branch of D67b, which connects to Neuchatel by the Vallon des Verrières. Other regional road links exist with Mouthe and Sainte- Croix. The municipality is crossed by the railway line that runs from Pontarlier to Neuchâtel. The now disused station was branching point for the side line Pontarlier - Jougne - Vallorbe. Today La Cluse- et- Mijoux is connected by a bus with Pontarlier.