List of state leaders in 1919

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3.1 East, South and Southeast Asia
3.2 Middle East
3.3 Central Asia

Africa

Ethiopia Empress: Zauditu (1916-1930)

Liberia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Daniel E. Howard (1912-1920)

South Africa Head of state: King George V (1910-1936)
Governor General Viscount Sydney Buxton (1914-1920)
Head of government: Prime Minister Louis Botha ( 1910-27. August 1919 )
Prime Minister Jan Smuts (3 September 1919-1924 )

America

North America

Canada Head of state: King George V (1910-1936)
Governor General Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire ( 1916-1921 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Robert Borden (1911-1920)

Mexico Heads of State and Head of Government: President Venustiano Carranza (1914-1920)

Newfoundland Head of state: King George V (1910-1936)
Governor General: Charles A. Harris (1917-1922)
Head of government: Prime Minister William F. Lloyd ( 1917-22. May 1919 )
Prime Minister Michael Patrick Cashin ( 22 May to 17 November 1919)
Prime Minister Richard Squires (November 17, 1919-1923 )

United States of America Heads of State and Head of Government: President Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921)

Central America

Costa Rica Heads of State and Head of Government: General Federico Tinoco Granados ( 1917-13. August 1919 )
(acting) Juan Bautista Quirós Segura ( 20 August-2 September 1919)
(provisional) president Francisco Aguilar Barquero (September 2, 1919 to 1920 )

Dominican Republic Heads of State and Head of Government: Federico Henriquez (1916-1922)

El Salvador Heads of State and Head of Government: (acting) Alfonso Quinonez Molina ( 1918-1. March 1919 )
President Jorge Meléndez (March 1, 1919-1923 )

Guatemala Heads of State and Head of Government: President Manuel Estrada Cabrera (1898-1920)

Haiti Heads of State and Head of Government: President Philippe Sudre Dartiguenave (1915-1922)

Honduras Heads of State and Head of Government: President Francisco Bertrand ( 1913-9. September 1919 )
(acting) Salvador Aguirre ( 9 September to 16 September 1919)
(acting) Vicente Mejía Colindres ( 16 September-5 October 1919)
(acting) Francisco Bogran (October 5, 1919 to 1920 )

Cuba Heads of State and Head of Government: President Mario García Menocal (1913-1921)

Nicaragua Heads of State and Head of Government: President Emiliano Chamorro Vargas (1917-1921)

Panama Heads of State and Head of Government: President Belisario Porras Barahona (1918-1920)

South America

Argentina Heads of State and Head of Government: President Hipólito Yrigoyen Juan (1916-1922)

Bolivia Heads of State and Head of Government: President José Gutiérrez Guerra (1917-1920)

Brazil Heads of State and Head of Government: (acting) Delfim Moreira ( 1918-28. July 1919 )
President Epitácio da Silva Pessoa (28 July 1919-1922 )

Chile Heads of state and head of government: President Juan Luis Sanfuentes (1915-1920)

Ecuador Heads of State and Head of Government: President Alfredo Baquerizo (1916-1920)

Colombia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Marco Fidel Suárez (1918-1921)

Paraguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Manuel Franco ( 1916-5. June 1919 )
President Jose P. Montero (7 June 1919-1920 )

Peru Heads of State and Head of Government: President José Pardo y Barreda ( 1915-4. July 1919 )
President Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo (4 July 1919-1930 )

Uruguay Heads of State and Head of Government: ( March 1915-1. , 1919 ) Chairman Feliciano A. Viera
President Baltasar Brum (March 1, 1919-1923 )

Venezuela Heads of state and head of government: President Juan Vicente Gómez (1915-1929)

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

Bhutan Ruler: King Ugyen Wangchuk (1907-1926)

China Head of state: President Xu Shichang (1918-1922)
Head of government: (acting) Qian Nengxun ( 1918-13. June 1919 )
(acting) Gong Xinzhan ( 13 June-24 September 1919)
Premier of the State Council Jin Yunpeng (24 September 1919 to 1920, to November 5, acting)

British India Kaiser: George V (1910-1936)
Viceroy: Frederic Thesiger (1916-1921)

Japan Head of State: Emperor Yoshihito (1912-1926)
Head of government: Prime Minister Hara Takashi (1918-1921)

Nepal Head of state: King Tribhuvan (1911-1955)
Head of government: Prime Minister Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1901-1929)

Siam (now Thailand) Ruler: King Vajiravudh (1910-1925)

Southwest Asia

Azerbaijan (Democratic Republic, controversial ) Head of state: President Məhəmməd Əmin Rəsulzadə (1918-1920)
Head of government: Prime Minister Fätälikhan Hoylu (1918-1920)

Persia (now Iran) Head of state: Ahmad Shah Qajar (1909-1925)
Head of government: Prime Minister Vosough od- Dowleh? (1918 -? )

Georgia (disputed ) Head of government: Prime Minister Noe Schordania (1918-1921)

Yemen Ruler Imam Yahya bin Muhammad (1918-1948)

Central Asia

Afghanistan ruler: Emir Habibullah Khan ( 1901-20. February 1919 )
Emir Nasrullah Khan ( 20 February to 28 February 1919)
Emir Amanullah Khan (February 28, 1919-1929 )

Mongolia (disputed ) Head of state: Bogd Gegeen Dschebtsandampa (1911-1924)
Head of government: Prime Minister Sain Khan Nojon Shirindambyn Namnansiiren (1912 - April 1919 )

Tibet ( disputed) Ruler: Dalai Lama Thubten Gyatso (1913-1933)

Australasia

Australia Head of state: King George V (1910-1936)
Governor General Viscount Ronald Munro -Ferguson (1914-1920)
Head of government: Prime Minister Billy Hughes (1915-1923)

New Zealand Head of state: King George V (1910-1936)
Governor General Earl Arthur Foljambe (1912-1920)
Head of government: Prime Minister William Massey (1912-1925)

Europe

Albania Head of government: Prime Minister Turhan Pasha Përmeti (1918-1920)

Andorra Co - Prince: President of France: Raymond Poincare (1913-1920)
Bishop of Urgell: Juan Benlloch y Vivó (1907-1919)
Jaume Viladrich (1919-1920)

Belgium Head of State: King Albert I (1909-1934)
Head of government: Prime Minister Léon Delacroix (1918-1920)

Bulgaria Head of State: Tsar Boris III. (1918-1943)
Head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Teodor Teodorow ( 1918-6. October 1919 )
Chairman of the Council of Ministers Aleksandar Stambolijski (6 October 1919-1923 )

Denmark Head of state: King Christian X (1912-1947)
Head of government: Minister of State Carl Theodor Zahle (1913-1920)

German Empire Head of state: President Ebert (February 11, 1919-1925 )
Head of government: Chairman of the Council of People's Representatives Friedrich Ebert, Hugo Haase ( 1918-13 February. , 1919 )
Reich Minister Philipp Scheidemann ( 13 February to 20 June 1919)
Reich Minister President Gustav Bauer (June 21, 1919-1920, from August 14 Chancellor )

German Austria / Austria ( name change on 21 October ) Head of state: President of the Council of State Directors Karl Seitz (5 March 1919-1920 )
Head of Government: Chancellor Karl Renner (1918-1920)

Estonia Head of government: Prime Minister Konstantin Pats ( 1918-9. May 1919 )
Prime Minister Otto Strandman ( 9 May to 18 November 1919)
Prime Minister Jaan Tõnisson (November 18, 1919-1920 )

Finland Head of government: Minister of State Lauri Ingman ( 1918-17. April 1919 )
Minister of State Kaarlo Castrén ( 17 April to 15 August 1919)
State Minister Juho Vennola (August 15, 1919-1920 )

France Head of state: President Raymond Poincaré (1913-1920)
Head of government: President of the Council of Ministers Georges Clemenceau (1917-1920)

Greece Head of State: King Alexander I (1917-1920)
Head of government: Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos (1917-1920)

Italy Head of state: King Victor Emmanuel III. (1900-1946)
Head of government: President of the Council of Ministers Vittorio Emanuele Orlando ( 1917-23. June 1919 )
President of the Council of Ministers Francesco Saverio Nitti (June 23, 1919-1920 )

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia) Head of state: King Peter I (1918-1921)
Head of government: Prime Minister Stojan Protić (1918-1919)
Prime Minister Ljubomir Davidović (1919-1920)

Latvia Head of state: President Jānis Čakste (1918-1927)
Head of government: Prime Minister Karlis Ulmanis (1918-1921)

Liechtenstein Ruler: Prince Johann II (1858-1929)

Lithuania Head of state: President Antanas Smetona (April 4, 1919 to 1920 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Mykolas Sleževičius ( 1918-5. March 1919 )
Prime Minister Pranas Dovydaitis ( 5 March to 12 April 1919)
Prime Minister Vincas Mickevičius - Kapsukas ( 12 April to 2 October 1919)
Prime Minister Ernestas Galvanauskas (October 7, 1919-1920 )

Luxembourg Head of state: Grand Duchess Maria- Adelheid ( 1912-14. January 1919 )
Grand Duchess Charlotte (January 14, 1919-1964 )
Head of government: President of the Government Émile Reuter (1918-1925)

Monaco Prince Albert I (1889-1922) Head of government: Minister of State Raymond Le Bourdon (1918-1923)

Netherlands Head of state: Queen Wilhelmina (1890-1948)
Head of government: Prime Minister Charles de Ruijs Beerenbrouck (1918-1925)

Norway Head of state: King Haakon VII (1906-1957)
Head of government: Prime Minister Gunnar Knudsen (1913-1920)

Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) Ruler: Sultan Mehmed VI. (1918-1922)

Poland Head of government: Prime Minister Jędrzej Moraczewski ( 1918-16. January 1919 )
Ignacy Paderewski Prime Minister ( 16 January to 27 November 1919)
Prime Minister Leopold Skulski (13 December 1919-1920 )

Portugal Head of state: (acting) João do Canto e Castro ( 1918-5. October 1919 )
President António José de Almeida (October 5, 1919 to 1923 )
Head of government: General João de Sousa Barbosa Tamagnini ( 1918-27. January 1919 )
Prime Minister José Carlos de Mascarenhas Relvas ( 27 January-30 March 1919)
Domingos Leite Pereira Prime Minister ( 30 March-30 June 1919)
General Alfredo de Sá Cardoso (June 30, 1919-1920 )

Romania Head of state: King Ferdinand I (1914-1927)
Head of government: Prime Minister Ion IC Brătianu ( 1918-1. October 1919 )
Prime Minister Artur Văitoianu ( 1 October to 9 December 1919)
Prime Minister Alexandru Vaida - Voevod (December 9, 1919-1920 )

Russia Head of state: Chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee Yakov Sverdlov ( 1917-16. March 1919 )
( acting chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee ) Mikhail Fedorovich Wladimirski ( 16 March to 30 March 1919)
Chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (from March 30, 1919, December 30, 1922 The Soviet Union)
Head of government: Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1917-1924, December 30, 1922 The Soviet Union)

San Marino Captains Regent: Protogene Belloni, Francesco Morri ( 1918-1. April 1919 )
Domenico Vicini, Pietro Suzzi Valli ( 1 April to 1 October 1919)
Moro Morri, Francesco Pasquali (October 1, 1919-1920 )

Sweden Head of state: King Gustav V (1907-1950)
Head of government: Prime Minister Nils Edén (1917-1920)

Switzerland President Gustave Ador (1919)
Federal: Gustave Ador (until December 31 ), Felix Calonder, Camille Decoppet, Robert Haab, Giuseppe Motta, Eduard Müller ( to 9 November ), Jean -Marie Musy ( from 31 December ), Karl Scheurer (from December 11 ), Edmund Schulthess

Spain Head of state: King Alfonso XIII. (1886-1931)
Head of government: Government President Álvaro Figueroa Torres ( 1918-15. April 1919 )
Government President Antonio Maura Montaner ( 15 April to 20 July 1919)
Government President Joaquín Sánchez de Toca Calvo ( 20 July to 12 December 1919)
Government President Manuel Allendesalazar Muñoz de Salazar (12 December 1919-1920 )

Czecho- Slovakia Head of state: President Tomáš Masaryk (1918-1935)
Head of government: Prime Minister Karel Kramář ( 1918-8. July 1919 )
Prime Minister Vlastimil Tusar (July 8, 1919-1920 )

Ukraine (disputed, occupied from August) Heads of State and Head of Government: Speaker Volodymyr Wynnytschenko ( 1918-11 February. , 1919 )
President Symon Petljura (February 11, 1919-1922 )

Hungary Head of state: (provisional) President Count Mihály Károlyi ( 1918-21. March 1919 )
Chairman of the Central Executive Committee Sándor Garbai ( 21 March to 1 August 1919)
(acting) Prime Minister Gyula Peidl ( 1 August to 6 August 1919)
Regent Archduke Joseph August ( August 6 to October 23 1919)
(acting) Prime Minister István Friedrich ( 23 October-24 November 1919)
(acting) Prime Minister Károly Huszár (November 24, 1919-1920 )
Head of government: (provisional) President Count Mihály Károlyi ( 1918-11. January 1919 )
Prime Minister Dénes Berinkey ( 18 January-22 March 1919)
Chairman of the Central Executive Committee Sándor Garbai ( 22 March-23 June 1919)
Prime Minister Antal Dovcsák ( 23 June to 1 August 1919)
Prime Minister Gyula Peidl ( 1 August to 6 August 1919)
Prime Minister István Friedrich ( 7 August to 24 November 1919)
Prime Minister Károly Huszár (November 24, 1919-1920 )

United Kingdom Head of state: King George V (1910-1936)
Head of government: Prime Minister David Lloyd George Earl (1916-1922)

Belarus (disputed, occupied from August) Heads of State and Head of Government: Minister Jan Sierada ( 1918-5. January 1919 )
Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Vincas Mickevicius - Kapsukas ( 27 February to 25 August 1919)

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