Spreitenbach
View from Käferberg
Spreitenbach (Swiss German: ʃpræ ː ˌ itə bɑχ ) is a municipality in the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau. It is located southeast of the district municipal seat in the Limmat Valley, close to the border with the Canton of Zurich.
Geography
The village lies in the middle between Baden and Zurich on the south side of the Limmat. The settlement area extends over a wide plane between the Heitersberg and the riverbank. The old village center Spreitenbachs, by the same stream flows, is the most southern and has retained its original character in a significant part. North of the modern Spreitenbach lies with spacious living quarters, block, commercial areas and shopping centers. In the north, separated by the highway and the railway line, is located in a loop of the River Limmat, the vast industrial zone Neuhard. The eastern part of the plain is dominated by the yard Limmat.
The French Weiher is located in the forest area south of Spreitenbach, near the municipal border with Dietikon. The biotope Old bathroom consists of a pond and a wetland area with a large variety of plants. The community has this area is excreted in the adjacent forest as a conservation zone. To name came the pond, because Napoleon's troops camped there before they crossed the monastery driving the Limmat.
Around two kilometers west of the village, at an altitude of 650 meters, lies on a high plateau of the mountain of the same name Clear hamlet. Not far away is the highest point of the municipal territory ( 672 m above sea level. M. ). The deepest point is 385 meters on the Limmat river. The area of the municipality is 860 hectares, of which 309 hectares are forested and built over 327 hectares.
Neighboring municipalities are Würenlos in the north, Oetwil am in the northeast, Dietikon in the east, Bergdietikon and Bellikon in the south, the west and Busslingen Kill cheeks in the northwest.
History
The first mention of Spreitinbach place in the year 1124. The village name comes from the Old High German spread well (ze demo) bahhe and means " when propagating Bach ". In addition to numerous monasteries, especially the Knights of Schönenwerd ( at Dietikon ) were major landowners. This had to sell 1274-1287 all their goods to the monastery Wettingen, which thus rose to become the most important landowner of the village. Sovereigns and the owner of the high courts were the Habsburgs.
1415 conquered the Swiss Canton Aargau and Spreitenbach was now part of the Office Dietikon in the county of Baden, a common rule. 1541 acquired the monastery Wettingen the lower courts of the family Effinger. 1670 and 1785 destroyed village fires numerous houses. In March 1798 the French invaded Switzerland and proclaimed the Helvetic Republic. Spreitenbach became a municipality in the canton of Baden short-lived, since 1803 it belongs to the canton of Aargau.
On August 9, 1847 when the first railway line in Switzerland, the Swiss Northern Railway between Zurich and Baden, on their operation. The Spreitenbach sat down for lines far away from the village one. For this reason, the railway station is still in neighboring Kill cheeks, although this community has about seven times fewer inhabitants. Industrialization began in 1862 with the opening of a cotton mill.
Spreitenbach until the mid -1950s, a farming village with a few small businesses and a gliding field. But then began a building boom, which has no equal. Since then the Canton of Zurich was a ban concubinage, the demand for housing in the canton of Aargau and in particular in Spreitenbach to striking. The general shortage of housing in addition due to the strong population growth reinforced this trend. Was " New Spreitenbach » designed and then partially translated into reality on the drawing board. The plan was a satellite city. It originated high-rise developments and extensive commercial and industrial zones. The mid-1960s, the planners went from a population of 35,000 inhabitants and 20,000 jobs when completed. Because of the oil crisis and the subsequent economic downturn in the 1970s, the visions were implemented only partially. In 1981, a new building zone plan in place, which had a less dense population and the shift away from high-rise construction result.
1970, the first shopping center in Switzerland was opened in the style of an American shopping mall. In 1974, a second, even larger. The two shopping centers are merged today and call themselves since 2010 Shoppi Tivoli. Spreitenbach was long regarded as a negative example of the urban sprawl of the Swiss Mittelland. Between 1960 and today, the population has more than quintupled. No other municipality in the canton of Aargau has experienced such a large growth.
Attractions
The following church buildings are still used for religious services or are under Homeland Security:
- New Catholic Church ( Spreitenbach ), Roman Catholic Church
- Old Church parity ( Spreitenbach ), Evangelical Reformed village church
- Church Centre hazel, with the Protestant Reformed church hall
- Former Catholic rectory, Ratzengasse 10
- Former Catholic school building, Ratzengasse 16
As a special feature bears the old, now reformed church on the church steeple, a cross, while the new, Catholic Church carries on the steeple a cock ( normally the tower jewelry at Catholic and Reformed churches the other way around ).
The Sculpture Park of Bruno Weber, located on Spreiterbacher municipality. The main entrance is located on the border but to Dietikon. Therefore, as a rule, is the description of the access road and access under Dietikon and not Spreitenbach zufinden.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is: " square of blue with a yellow crowned leopard head and red with white sechsstrahligem star. " On the coat of arms of the municipal seal of 1872 were a lime tree and a fir mapped. The coat of arms used today dates back to a recommendation of the local chroniclers and was introduced after 1930. It is depicted on the map of the Canton Zurich from 1667. The leopard head points to the Lords of Schönenwerd, the star of the monastery Wettingen, the former court Lord.
Population
Population development:
On 31 December 2013 10'982 people lived in Spreitenbach, the proportion of foreigners was 51.5 %, which is by far the highest in the canton of Aargau (more than two and a half times the cantonal average). At the 2000 census, 40.0 % were Roman Catholic, reformed 20.4%, 7.9% Orthodox Christian and 14.7% Muslim; 1.3% belonged to other faiths. 72.1 % identified German as their main language, 7.0 % speak Italian, Serbo-Croatian 6.1%, Albanian 4.8%, 2.3% Turkish, 1.2% Spanish, 1.1% depending French and Portuguese.
Politics and Law
The Assembly of the voters, the municipal assembly, shall exercise the legislative power of ( 1974-1986 possessed Spreitenbach a Einwohnerrat instead of the municipal assembly ). Executive authority is the five-member council. His term of office is four years and he was elected in Majorzverfahren ( majority voting procedure) by the people. He leads and represents the community. To this end, he implements the decisions of the municipal assembly and the tasks that were assigned to him by the cantonal and federal. For litigation, the District Court has jurisdiction Baden. Spreitenbach part of the justice of the peace circle Wettingen.
Twinning
Since 1988, a partnership between Spreitenbach and the Italian town of Bra in the Province of Cuneo.
Economy
Spreitenbach is a major business hub due to its great transport location in the west of the agglomeration of Zurich. According to Census 2008 offer over 500 companies more than 7700 jobs. Of these, 1% in agriculture, 16 % in industry and 83 % in the service sector The large shopping center Shoppi Tivoli and the furniture store IKEA, which opened in 1973 was the first store outside Scandinavia, forming the backbone of the service industry. Numerous well-known companies have settled here. The best known are doubts (potato chips), Bridgestone (car tires), Johnson & Johnson ( pharmaceuticals and cosmetics ), Nestlé (food ), Miele (household appliances ), Chiquita (bananas producer) as well as the members of the Migros Magazine zum Globus ( retail trade), Limmatdruck ( media and packaging) and ITRIS (medical technology and IT services). 2012, the environmental arena was opened, an exhibition and event building for environmental technology.
Traffic
The municipality is located on the busy main street 3 ( Zurich -Baden ). The Dietikon connecting the A1 motorway is two kilometers east of the village. 2008 Spreitenbach received its own half- connection (only to and in the direction of Bern). Here and in the neighboring Dietikon was created in 1978 (commissioned last stage ) also has the largest marshalling yard in the country, the marshalling yard Limmat.
Spreitenbach is accessible by numerous bus routes. The lines 2 and 4 of RVBW run on Kill cheeks, Neuenhof to Baden (line 4 via Wettingen ). Line 10 opens up the Kill -cheeked Spreitenbach Station, Industrial Area Härdli. A line of Limmatbus ( subsidiary of BDWM transport) operates from Kill cheeks over Spreitenbach and Dietikon to Zurich -Altstetten. Following the Zurich S-Bahn is on Kill cheek Spreitenbach and Station Dietikon station (lines S3, S12 and S17). Medium Spreitenbach will also be accessible through the new rail Limmat.
Education
In Spreitenbach there are nine kindergartens and eight school-houses, in which all levels of compulsory elementary school are taught (primary school, secondary school, secondary school, school district ). The nearest Canton schools ( high schools ) are located in Wettingen and bathing.