Corpus separatum (Fiume)

As a city with Fiume area (Hungarian Fiume város és Területe, rarely also Fiume város és kerülete ( " Fiume with District " ), Croatian degree Rijeka i okolica ) referred to as Free City of Fiume and Rijeka, was a historic administrative unit in the south of the Kingdom of Hungary called. The existing corpus separatum as administrative unit was managed centrally by the Hungarian government, the area had an area of ​​21 km ². The population was, according to the census of 1890 at 29,494, 1900 and 1910, 49 806 38 955 already.

For administrative unit that also had its own governor and its own administration, included not only the actual city and its port still an area that comprised three villages:

• Cosalá (Italian ) or Kozala ( Croatian)
• Drenova (Italian and Croatian)
• Plasse (Italian ) or Plase ( Croatian) (now belonging to the municipality Podmurvice )

The city of Rijeka is now part of the Republic of Croatia and is the administrative center of Primorje - Gorski Kotar.

History

The origins of the emergence of the autonomous region are available in a Maria Theresa in 1779, in which they defined what was then called the corpus separatum Fiume, an independent and autonomous body. Thus, the town was directly under the Habsburg crown. After the interruption caused by the Napoleonic Wars, and the annexation to Italy, the city came in 1823 with their hinterland as an integral part of the Hungarian crown, the Italian administrative language was kept. Due to the imposed constitution in March 1849 as a result of the Revolution of 1848, Croatia - Slavonia within the Kingdom of Hungary Fiume greater autonomy. After the Austro- Hungarian Compromise Fiume came as a free city ( a crown land equal and similar to Trieste ) back under direct Hungarian administration. The status was not clarified with regard to the Hungarian- Croatian compensation. Although the balance of the Hungarians (Article 66, Riječka krpica ) and the city, the harbor and the surrounding area from the territory of Croatia was changed separately and directly subordinated to the Hungarian crown (similar to the previously existing corpus separatum of Maria Theresa). The administration was controlled on 17 April 1872 the Hungarian Minister of the Interior with a statute "temporary". This statute could be amended only by the consisting of 56 members, elected for six years Rapprasentanza. This representation elected the mayor ( podesta ), while the Hungarian government to the governor directly appointed on the proposal of the Prime Minister by the King. This autonomy was equivalent to a self-administration of a municipium. This autonomy was weakened in 1907 and finally repealed in 1913; the provisional status remained until the end of the monarchy exist. 1919, the city and the area was still occupied during the peace negotiations by Italian guerrillas and transformed into the independent Free State of Fiume.

Statistics

1910, in Fiume and Area:

• 2511 houses
• 49 806 inhabitants ( 48 492 without soldiers stationed )
• 36 359 residents who can read and write
• 3.2 km flowing water