Das Erste
The first is the first public national television in Germany. The Germany -wide television program is a joint production of all connected broadcasters ARD except Deutsche Welle. The station launched after two -year pilot period officially on 25 December 1952 as NWDR television and was initially operated under the auspices of the then NWDRs. From 1 November 1954, the station was finally operated as a joint program of the national broadcasters under the name Deutsches Fernsehen. Since 1996 is the official short form " The First ", the full name continues to be " First German Television". Colloquially the transmitter is also called First Program or metonymic ARD.
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Organization
The first, represented by the Directorate program first German television, is a joint program of the offer in the working group of the public broadcasters of the Federal Republic of Germany (ARD) combined transmitter with sitting at the Bayerischer Rundfunk in Munich. Program Director since 2008 Volker Herre. The legal basis is the German State Treaty. The function of the program director of the ARD is enshrined in the German State Treaty. He is elected for at least two years with a two-thirds majority of together in the ARD regional broadcasters. The task of the program director is in conjunction with the director of the regional broadcasters to develop the program offer of ARD and coordinate the Programmzulieferung the individual regional broadcasters.
- To 1973: After Secretary of State Mohr as coordinator Lothar Hartmann followed as the first program director
- 1973-1978: Hans Abich
- 1978-1992: Dietrich Schwarzkopf
- Since 2008: Volker Herre
The program director is provided as an advisory body to the side of the ARD program advisory board. Dr. Paul Siebertz since April 2013 Chairman of the Program Committee.
Program management of the ARD is located in the high rise of the Bayerischer Rundfunk in Munich.
The program is organized according to the respective size of each country's broadcasters. 2009 provide for Community program to the WDR 21.40%, 18.20% of the SWR, NDR 17,60 %, 15,95 % of the BR, the MDR 10.85%, HR 7.40%, the RBB 6, 60 % of SR 1.25% and 0.75% RB. Since the amendment of the television contract on the ARD Annual General Meeting on 10 February 1956, the "Program Advisory Council for the First German Television" observed the program in the first. The program committee held its first meeting on 26 March 1956. It is composed of one representative from the broadcasting councils of regional broadcasters and elects from among its members a chairman. The duties of the ARD Program Advisory Board were modified by changing the television contract recently in September 2006: "Advice and monitoring by the Programme Committee include issues of program design and structure, in particular with regard to the observance of the principles for cooperation in the ARD Community program first German television and other Community programs [Note: ARTE, PHOENIX, 3sat, Kika ] and offered ' including youth protection compliant design of the program. "
History
The origins of the program lie in experimental broadcasts from Hamburg. This began on July 12, 1950 as " NWDR television " with the charisma of a test image. The test image was the first broadcast television picture in Germany after the Second World War. On August 5, 1950, the inaugural meeting of the ARD was held. The broadcasters were involved at the time of BR, HR, NWDR, RB, SDR and SWF.
On November 27, 1950, the trial program that was broadcast on three days per week launched. First attempts news and sports broadcasts were sent. On January 4, 1952 launched the TV - movie report, which was created by contributions from the New German newsreel. According to different data took place in August or November 1952, the renamed news. On 26 October 1952, the foundation stone was laid for the new television home in Hamburg- Lokstedt. At the foundation stone laying a filled with documents cassette was immured. The top of the box was decorated with the logo of NWDR television and with leaf jewelry.
On 25 December 1952, the NWDR TV officially went into regular operation. Until then 5,000 TV sets were sold. From now on was transmitted daily from 20:00 bis 22:00 clock. The reception of the program was first limited to North West Germany and Berlin. The program was compiled by the then North West German Radio. It was broadcast from the two bunkers on the Holy Spirit field in Hamburg. The broadcasting was on December 25 at 20:00 clock with separate programs for the North, the West, and for Berlin. The Hamburg-based program was opened with a speech by the director of the Northwest German Radio Werner Pleister. In his speech included the phrases "Television builds bridges from person to person. From peoples to peoples. So it is probably just the right gift for Christmas. Because it fulfills its potential until completely if it leads people to each other and thus contributes to the eternal hope of mankind: peace on earth. In this hope we are now starting our program. " And " We're starting. We, my revered audience, which is the television division of the North West German Radio, with all its employees. ". This was followed by 118 minutes program. After an announcement by Irene Koss was followed by the television play "Silent Night, Holy Night" with a history of the famous song. Later, the dance game " Max and Moritz" has been sent to the NWDR Radio Orchestra. In the West program expired on December 25 reports, in the program for Berlin messages and two films.
On December 26, 1952, the evening news program was officially launched in the North; the afternoon was previously the first official soccer live broadcast of the DFB Cup match against FC St. Pauli Hamborn 07 and the evening of December 26 was also broadcast the first television show .. was also in the program for the West transferred on 26 December a football match live: the encounter 1 FC Cologne against Red Star Belgrade. On December 27, the Berlin program was adopted at the first cabaret show of porcupines in Northern Germany; the next day it was the first time a common program for all three transmission ranges and the first repeat of a program ( the TV show, December 26 ). New Year's Eve 1952 New Year's speech was also first aired, which belongs to this day a tradition of the program. Held it was the Federal President Theodor Heuss, among other things, The following words were spoken: "(...) even in the most complicated inventions, the Germans are again on the way, and now the hard work understandable magic of television will come into awareness with us. (...) ". On February 20, 1953 launched the first television cooking show with Clemens Wilmenrod. The show became one of the most known formats. To reach other parts of the Federal Republic, were gradually transmission towers built for television. 1953, a transmitter was built on the Feldberg in Taunus, in its coverage area lived 4 million people. Shortly thereafter, a transmission plant in Gimmeldingen in the Palatinate was taken for the southwest of Germany in operation. One of the first broadcast live major events included the coronation of Elizabeth II in 1953 and the Football World Cup 1954.
On 23 October 1953, the NWDR television moved into the new television studio in Hamburg- Lokstedt. This was the first specially adapted for television studio in Europe. A Euro - Visions contribution was transferred on Whit Sunday, 1954 for the first time. The number of registered television participants increased from 3,000 in the summer of 1953 to 40,000 in August 1954. From 1 November 1954, the program was organized by the then-existing broadcasters together for the whole of the Federal Republic of Germany. The sender therefore sent for the first time as a joint program of the ARD and was voted " German Television ". The later the ARD joined Saarland Broadcasting participated also in the Community program. One of the first television events that could be traced across the entire broadcast area, was the flight on the polar route through the SAS.
The declared target group of the program from the beginning were the people in the former GDR, so that the program of many strong transmitters such as the ox-head or from the transmitter peat house / resin / NDR broadcast was received as a " Western television " even beyond the Iron Curtain.
On 1 October 1956, the daily broadcast of the evening news began. On March 2, 1959, the evening news was read for the first time by a speaker. On 1 June 1961, the ARD launched a second television. This was operated until the start of the ZDF. On September 4, 1961, the morning program of the ARD launched exclusively for the Soviet zone of occupation; since 1966 it has been operated jointly with ZDF. On August 25, 1967, the first day of the 25th International Radio Exhibition ( IFA) in Berlin, launched the color television in Germany. Color television broadcasts have been announced with a special colorful trailer. On January 2 In 1978, the late newscast issues of the day. Since January 2, 1981 the common morning program is broadcast nationwide.
On 1 October 1984, the program was ( most striking feature of the still in use today " 1 " logo instead of the previous stylized eye) renamed to coincide with the launch of a new corporate design first German television, since 1996 as the official short form just the first one. Until that time, the station name " German Television " was.
In 1989, the ARD Mittagsmagazin. Since 14 December 1990, the program is also broadcast on the frequencies of the first former East German television program (DFF 1). After the founding of the two broadcasters MDR and ORB on the territory of the former German Democratic Republic in 1992, these two stations were also the ARD at and participated in the Community program, which since the merger of SDR and SWF to SWR (1998 ) or ORB and SFB for RBB (2003) is now shared by nine radio stations. 1993 began broadcasting the ARD morning show. On 1 January 1995, the so-called Night gap has been closed since then sends the first round-the- clock.
On January 1, 2000 launched ARD text after the end of 1999, the ZDF is from the common teletext, the 'Teletext', got out. On 2 November 2000, the factory began daily broadcast " Market in the First " (today Boerse to eight ). In 2003, the appearance of the first along with the ARD was fundamentally revised. The station received a new logo and a new design. The ARD -one got a ring. Since 20 February 2005, the first centrally broadcast from the ARD - Stern at HR in Frankfurt am Main. There, the fiber-optic network ARD runs together.
On November 30, 2008, a new design has been introduced. Here, the blue and light blue design with circles of 2003 was replaced by a dark blue style. This is crossed by bright blue line structures ( wavy guilloche ) and has a contrast color white. The appearance is complemented by a modest use platinum hue. The stylized one is surrounded with a circle, in all programs and broadcasts as a Trade Mark, similar ®, are used. The typeface family are members of the Thesis family, TheSans for times and TheSerif for the title of the program. The special features of the design are, is that a program in full-screen preview is shown and not overlaid by graphic elements of the transmitter. In addition, the title of the program is no longer displayed when the preview the mission logo is already visible ( such as in a studio situation ). This is to the credibility of the sender and the increased recognition of the individual brands to be increased. The design is a development of agency DMC Group.
On 12 February 2010 the HD version went into regular operation with the identifier, the first HD.
Logo 1954-1964
Logo 1970-1984
Logo 1984-1997
Logo 1997-2003
Logo since 2003
Technical implementation
The program of the first will be merged technically in the broadcasting center of the ARD in the ARD - Stern in Frankfurt (on the grounds of the Hessischer Rundfunk ). About the own fiber optic network HYBNET these signals are distributed to the individual broadcasters.
Since February 2005, the first of the Central playout ( ZSAW ) is played in the ARD broadcasting center. Previously switched each ARD institution, which earned a consignment into the Community program (whether live or recorded ), a line to the ARD - Stern, from where the signal was passed on to all other ARD stations for terrestrial distribution. With the commissioning of ZSAW first time, all broadcasts are not live (movies, soap operas, documentaries, etc. ) were played directly from the servers in Frankfurt. Since each ARD stations continue to broadcast in the early evening regional program advertising is, the system is due to the simultaneous transmission of up to nine programs designed (equivalent to nine advertising windows ). Via satellite, DVB -C and IPTV as well as abroad, only the regional window of the WDR is emitted. The uplink antenna for broadcasting Astra is located in direct proximity to the ARD - Stern also on the grounds of HR.
Dissemination
Terrestrial
Today The first is used in Germany in ten different bouquets over 157 transmitter sites in the digital television standard DVB- T, including two near the border Austrian sites. Also in Italy (South Tyrol, broadcast Anstalt Südtirol ), Switzerland (Graubünden, Tele Raetia ) and in Denmark The first in the DVB- T standard is widespread.
History
By 1990, the first was distributed only in the old Federal Republic. These were mainly transmitters ARD used in the basic network channels - in contrast to ZDF and third programs, promoting their use almost exclusively transmitting equipment of the German Federal Post Office were used, a consequence of the first radio - judgment. On December 15, 1990, the first took over the transmit chain of the first program of the German Television, which was spread over transmission facilities of Deutsche Post of the GDR. The GDR broadcasting facilities were taken over a little later by the German Federal Post Office and organizationally merged with the West German transmission facilities of the Federal Post. The transmission facilities of the Federal Post Office were spun off in 1995 by the Deutsche Telekom, and this in turn to T-Systems.
Between 2002 and 2008, the transmission facilities in Germany were successively converted from analogue PAL standard to the new digital standard DVB -T. With the conversion numerous gap-fillers were shut down replacement for the first, so the first thing is not to receive coverage today.
Cable
The first is in Germany ( almost ) used in all cable networks in both analog and digital ( DVB -C). In some cable networks also the HD version The first HD is digitally fed. The first is also represented in many European cable networks.
Satellite
Via satellite across Europe receivable is the first since the IFA 1993., The digital satellite broadcasting (DVB -S) began in 1997. Installation is used currently the satellite Astra 1 ( 19.2 ° East ). Dissemination via Hot Bird 8 (13 ° E ) has been set on 8 June 2010 for the time being in order to save costs.
On 22 December 2010 the spread on Hotbird Eutelsat was limited from own costs until mid-January resumed to power in a solidarity action, the soldiers of the Bundeswehr in Afghanistan again with the first one. On 1 April 2011 the spread on Hotbird was reinstated and the first again switched on Astra.
On April 6, the ARD but now rowed back and turned off the transmission on Hotbird 13 ° East permanently back on. From the distribution via Hotbird benefit not only the soldiers in Afghanistan also many tourists, hotels, diplomats, employees abroad and its own correspondents ARD, which are outside the Astra footprint, especially in the area of the Middle East, Cyprus and Turkey.
On the night of 30 April 2012, the analogue broadcasting was set by satellite.
IPTV
The first is in Germany about the current IPTV service provider ( Telekom Entertain, Vodafone TV) to receive
Since April 1, 2008, all TV channels ARD can be received via the Internet streaming platform Zattoo. With the start in January 2013, the entire program of the ARD is provided live via the online library. Previously, individual programs were transmitted exclusively. Excluded from the livestream are any such content, for which the ARD has no relevant transfer rights. In addition, the offer is not in high resolution ( HD - TV) is available.
Moreover, one can look at a lot of the programs of the first in the German media library and the First library online.
Program
Distributed several times throughout the day shows the first the news broadcast news. The most important output of the evening news, the 20 - clock - output dar. the late evening news magazine airs the issues of the day and after midnight the night magazine. In current occasions sends the first shipments of its special focus, the evening news and the issues of the day Extra Extra.
On weekdays the station is in the morning and noon broadcasts morning show and Mittagsmagazin which are alternately produced by ARD and ZDF, repetitions, and the service broadcast ARD-Buffet. In the afternoon the series Red Roses and storm of love and then docu-soaps through various German zoos follow. Then comes the Boulevard Magazine Brisant.
On the eve of the Soap Forbidden Love is shown. Monday the series Großstadtrevier is sent and Mondays to Fridays knowledge to eight. Shortly before 20:00 clock comes the Exchange before eight and the weather in the first.
The children's program is sent under one brand check on weekend mornings.
ARD-Buffet
Sports Show
Linde road
Scene of the crime
The program with the mouse
Advertising
Advertising may be sent weekdays basically 14-20 clock. On Sundays and nationwide public holidays No advertising may be shown. This advertising time limitation will be softened by the introduction of advertising -heavy competitions in programs such as football broadcasts after 20 clock. Critics of this practice is referred to as surreptitious advertising. In addition, shipments are after 20 clock in the ARD often from certain advertising media presents (so-called sponsorship). For many viewers of public television stations, this raises the question of how strict the price of a bill collection service by the contribution of ARD, ZDF Germany and radio was still justified by the gradual progressive circumvent the advertising ban. Fritz Pleitgen, then WDR director, entered after the ARD surreptitious scandal for the abolition of the sponsorship of non- sports programs after 20 clock, as it simply RELATES TO Advertising on sponsoring his view.
The commercial breaks last approximately one to three minutes. On rare occasions that advertising interrupts a broadcast. Overall, may be sent on average per day not more than 20 minutes of advertising.