Expo 2010
The World Expo 2010 took place from 1 May to 31 October 2010 under the theme Better City, Better Life (English Better City, Better Life ) in east China's metropolis Shanghai. It was attended by 242 exhibitors, of which 192 nations and 50 international organizations. With 73 million visitors, a new record was set.
The Expo is one of the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE ), the major international exhibitions.
- 3.1 Urban Footprints
- 3.2 Urban Planet
- 3.3 Urban Dwellers
- 3.4 Urban Beings
- 3.5 Urban Dreams
- 4.1 The Chinese Pavilion
- 4.2 German Pavilion 4.2.1 Hamburg House
Logo and Mascot
The logo symbolizes the three persons you, me and she / he hugging each other and form a large, united in harmony family.
The mascot was called " Haibao " (海 宝), which means " sea treasure " is in German: " Hai (海) " means " sea " and " Bao (宝,宝) " means " treasure". The mascot was in the shape of the Chinese seal script character人, meaning "man."
Haibo recalls also in the shape of the Chinese character世, which means " world" and is connected with the year 2010.
Haibao was designed by Taiwanese designer Wu Yong- jian and adopted as the official mascot of the Expo on December 18, 2007. It was selected from 26,655 entries of an international competition.
Expo site
The Expo site was 5.28 square kilometers in size and lay on both sides of the Huangpu River, just 6 kilometers south of the city center. Could The closed area, which were only accessible with a ticket, had an area of 3.28 square kilometers, of which were 2.38 square kilometers in Pudong and 0.9 in Puxi.
For the transport of the expected million visitors, public transport was, among other things, with several new metro stations further. Standing on the site of old industrial buildings and simple traditional residential areas, largely without sanitary facilities were rehabilitated and integrated in some cases.
18,000 families were forcibly resettled in a short time. Civil rights activist Feng Zhenghu, who represented some of the families, was prevented from re-entry to China after a trip abroad from June 2009 to February 2010. The older industrial plants, including steel and shipbuilding, were moved to the periphery of the city.
In August 2006, began with the first preparatory work; From spring 2007, the first exhibition halls were built.
Expo Axis
The main attraction - called Expo Axis - was a nearly 1,000 -meter-long central boulevard on the Pudong area with the largest membrane construction. It was built by the architecture firm SBA and the engineering firm Knippers Helbig (both from Stuttgart). This Expo Boulevard connects together the main entrance of the Expo, the China Pavilion, the Theme Pavilion, the Expo Center and the area along the Huangpu River. He was 110 meters wide, extends over two levels and had a total construction area of 250,000 square meters. This axis was one of five buildings that should be preserved after the Expo.
Transport
Between the campuses in Puxi and Pudong several ferry connections have been established across the Huangpu River. For the traffic on the Expo grounds 120 electric buses from Volvo as well as 100 smaller electric special vehicles NAC Nanjing Automobile Group, with 4 to 11 seats were used. Charging on the main loading point lasted eight hours, bringing a range of 100 kilometers was reached. Furthermore, the replacement of the batteries was possible. At the stops in the Expo Avenue a short time charging up to 5 minutes was possible. After the Expo, these buses should be used in Shanghai. Likewise, there were buses with fuel cells.
Theme Pavilions
At the Expo 2010, there were five central theme pavilions, which were dedicated various aspects of urban development. They carried the motto Urban Footprints, Urban Planet, Urban Dwellers, Urban Beings, and Urban Dreams.
Part of the theme pavilions was in an exhibition building, which was the largest building in the history of world exhibitions with 11.5 acres of floor space. It was located on the Expo Axis, directly across from the Chinese national pavilion. The total exhibition area of the building was 80,000 m². In the middle of building a 7000 m² multifunctional room was a foyer with the consequence that the single pavilions together. Built by the Chinese hosts building was completed in September 2009. This was followed by the inner expansion.
Urban Footprints
The Urban Footprints Pavilion was built according to a concept of the Shanghai Museum. He should be the growth of cities as a central factor of progress in history. The exhibition was divided into four sections. In three rooms, there was the " origin of the city " that treats "Urban Development" and the "wisdom of the cities ". The entrance hall with 3000 m² dedicated to the "ideal fantasy city" Western and Eastern expression. The exhibition was working one hand, with high-tech installations, on the other hand with cultural artifacts that have been found to be on loan from international museums. The leaders understood their concept of representation of historical development as " inspiration for the urban development of the future ".
Urban Planet
The Urban Planet pavilion was located in the central exhibition building on the Expo Axis, opposite the Chinese pavilion. It originated from a concept and plans of the communication agency Triad Berlin Project Company. The company, which already realized designs for Expo 2000 in Hanover and the Swiss national exhibition Expo 02 in Three Lakes region, was able to beat 150 competitors in an international tender. The realization of the pavilion was under the artistic construction management of Triad Berlin in cooperation with Chinese partners.
On 12,000 m², the Urban Planet pavilion devoted to the complex processes of urbanization. According to the responsible designer combines his scenography approaches of Western forms of representation with ideas from the Chinese Feng Shui tradition. According to the latter dynamic processes of life can take shape in a harmonious coexistence of the elements, but also develop destructive forces. Building on this theme the exhibition in a two-tier structure of the double character of the city as a part destroyers of the environment and on the other hand place for innovation and technology for a sustainable future.
In the first part of the exhibition a " Road of Crisis " visualized in five chapters, the light emanating from the cities destruction potential threats to the ecosystem and the depletion of the resources of the planet. Haunting the visitor should be confronted with the question of how he wants to live in the future. The five chapters follow the Chinese five- element theory: Water - Fire - Metal - Wood - Earth.
In the second part of the exhibition presented a "Road of Solution" solutions to the global challenges. Best -practice examples in the national and international scale, technological developments, to policy initiatives and decisions described the range of possibilities on the way to an ecological transformation and should the individual visitors provide evidence for a more environmentally actions in everyday life.
Urban Dwellers
The concept for the Urban Dwellers Pavilion came from the agency of the Dutch designer Herman Kossmann. The focus of the tour were the inhabitants of modern cities. As a guiding principle, the leaders saw the realization that addressing the needs of people by city planners " a prerequisite for sustainable development of the city " is.
The stories of six real families were told of example in the gazebo on the video clip. The different regions of the world were represented here by their hometowns Paris (Europe), São Paulo (Latin America), Phoenix ( North America ), Lijiang (Asia), Melbourne ( Oceania ) and Ouagadougou (Africa). The presentation of the lives of six families was carried out in five sections, the themes of living, work, relationships, education and health were dedicated to.
Urban Beings
At the tender for the Urban Beings Pavilion, a joint design of the Chinese Academy of Arts and Design of the country was able to prevail studio in London. Thematically, the growth of the infrastructure of modern cities was treated. The exhibition presented the complicated tangle of transport, water and energy supply as a core component of the urban 'organism'. The pavilion was built in the central exhibition building on the Expo Axis.
At the exhibition rooms included a " Dynamic Station ", which reminded architecturally to the large concourses of the early 20th century and were in the presents, among other traits of different generations. On the way through the " Annular pipeline," another premises, won the Visitors otherwise barred insights into the functioning of the underground infrastructure of the cities. In a movie theater with seven screens and a projection of 1,000 m² also an eight-minute video clip was shown with spectacular images.
Urban Dreams
For the Urban Dreams Pavilion, a power plant from the beginning of the 20th century was rebuilt. The exhibition, which was designed by the Spanish Agency INGENIAqed in collaboration with Chinese artist Bu Hua, subject to the concept of time travel into the future - with an optimistic view of the opportunities offered modern technology with tradition for the expansion lebenswerterer cities.
On the tour of the five exhibition rooms the visitors were presented sustainable approaches to solutions of urban problems concerning housing, transport, energy and urban planning. It was referred to innovations that have been implemented in different cities of the world, including Beijing, Kobe, Freiburg im Breisgau, Canberra and San Diego. Highlight of a visit to Urban Dreams Pavilion should be looking at an animated film that was shown in the 35 m high central hall and a colorful fantasy world presented.
Country pavilions
Chinese Pavilion
Wrote The host of the Expo 2010 in May 2007, an international competition for the design of their national pavilions. From the 344 entries three designs were put on the short list. The "Crown of the East " by Chinese architect He Jingtang of them could prevail in September 2007. Designed as a landmark of the Expo 2010, the complex had a two-part structure, consisting of a flat plinth and a towering building with a wide, sweeping pagoda shape. The latter towered 63 meters high, the other national pavilions around three times. The construction cost is estimated at the beginning of the project to 1.5 billion yuan. The shell was presented to the public in June 2009.
The exterior of the main building shone in seven shades of Gugong - red, which was once reserved for the buildings in the Forbidden City in Beijing. At 30 m high roof there was a stratified Dougong structure consisting but not from the traditional wood, but of a steel structure. The 56 brackets that held the roof are symbolic of the number of nationalities in China today. The roof is decorated in a traditional Sudoku pattern as impressed historic city layouts, as Beijing or Xi'an.
The main building had an exhibition area of 47,000 m². Here the urban development in Chinese history was prepared. Particular attention was paid to the cities during the last 30 years while the immigration of hundreds of millions of Chinese. The visitor should be able to track the path of the migrants on three levels. The base building served as a community pavilion of Chinese cities, provinces and autonomous regions, which was an exhibition area of 45,000 m². Their names were found as an ornament in the style of Chinese calligraphy stamp on the outer sides of the base. It was originally planned that even Taiwan, Macao and Hong Kong to present the Chinese pavilion. In these negotiations, however, quickly began to trouble. All three were represented at the Expo with their own pavilion.
The outer surfaces of the Chinese pavilion designed He Jingtang in the style of traditional horticulture of the Jiangnan region with small pavilions and ponds. The architect described the Chinese national pavilion as " Statue of China, in the garden of a city " is.
German Pavilion
The German Pavilion was located in the European zone of the Expo site, close to the Lupu Bridge over the Huangpu. Responsibility for the project contributed Koelnmesse International, a subsidiary of Koelnmesse, based on the maximum floor area of 6000 m² pavilion with the motto - erected " Balancity balanced city." The total project cost was estimated at 50 million euros. For the design of a " Consortium German Pavilion Shanghai " was responsible, which was formed by three companies in South Germany. The architectural concept came from the Munich architects Schmidhuber Partner, exhibition and media were devised and developed by the Stuttgart-based agency Milla & Partner, execution and project management for the German subsidiary of Lamb's group based in Roth was responsible.
The pavilion was called " balancity". The artificial word should refer to a " balanced city ", according to the manager. Main idea of the exhibition was the quality of life and diversity of modern cities which maintain a balance between " renewal and preservation, innovation and tradition, urbanity and nature, society and its individuals, work and leisure. " On the last day of the exhibition of the German pavilion as "the best was interpretation of the Expo theme " better city, Better life " " of the Expo line, after consultation of an expert commission of architects and museum directors with the" Golden Award ". He also received the red dot award, the event award EVA in gold and the ADAM Award in Silver.
The architects describe the pavilion as a "three-dimensional walk-through sculpture ." It consisted of four irregularly shaped, associated exhibition structures that formed a " roof" over the pavilion grounds. The exhibition structures were accessible via the designated as " Expo - Plaza" forecourt or a green terrace landscape that rose up to the third floor of the pavilion. The truss design is surrounded by a silvery, 12,000 m² of membrane skin.
In the individual rooms that were traversed on foot or on escalators or moving walkways, different urban landscapes have staged a port of a park, a factory, a studio to a town square. The highlight of the tour of the pavilion was the " Energy Source", a cone-shaped room in which hung a 1.2 ton sphere with three meters in diameter. It is staffed by about 400,000 light-emitting diodes which produced different images, including impressions of German cities. Pavilion visitors were able to move from the three tiers of the room by shouting and clapping the ball to oscillate. The more the rash, the more colorful the pictures appeared on the ball. In implementing the design worked with three institutes of the University of Stuttgart.
The pavilion also contained a restaurant, the typical food and drinks from Germany offered and was used for an extensive program of concerts, exhibitions and courses. Other Events and Presentations German federal states and regions took place at the exhibition site and in Shanghai itself. To present to the Puxi side of the area of Freiburg, Dusseldorf and Bremen with their own contributions.
The capital of Berlin was in balan city - a city in balance by a large Buddy Bears against the backdrop of the Brandenburg Gate represents who stands now as a gift of " Berlin Partner GmbH" in Shanghai.
Hamburg House
Shanghai's sister city of Hamburg was chosen as the only German city from the international selection committee to carry out its own construction project at the Expo. In the Urban Best Practice Area ( UBPA ) - the Expo area for optimal urban solutions, was commissioned by the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg House, the first certified Passive House in China. After the highest energy standard built and oriented at a residential and office building in HafenCity, it was the first time the realization of such a construction, adapted to the climatic conditions of Shanghai. The four-storey house was from a tree of wishes as a guideline an Exhibition ( Chinese Title: At home, the living energies and humanity ) running through it, which dealt with sustainable urban development and climate-friendly building and Hamburg as an innovative and livable metropolis on the water with its connections to China showed.
Swiss Pavilion
Covering an area of 4000 m², Switzerland presented with an exhibition on the subject of rural- urban interaction (English urban-rural interaction). Concept as well as the thematic exhibition was developed by Buchner Bründler AG Architects together with the element GmbH. The stainless steel facade of the Swiss Pavilion Expo 2010 Shanghai was equipped with interactive LED lights that responded to solar energy and ambient light. A chair-lift conveying visitors to the roof of the pavilion.
Austrian Pavilion
The Austrian Pavilion presented itself under the slogan " Austria - Feel the Harmony " on an area of 2000 m² in dynamic- abstract form. The design of the two-storey pavilions originated by the Viennese architects SPAN & Zeytinoglu Architects. In an interactive, multimedia exhibition, visitors recorded Austria were able to experience with all your senses. In addition to the real gazebo took Austria in part with a virtual pavilion at the Expo Online. Was financed by the Austrian contribution to the Expo sub-theme " Interaction in between rural and urban areas" oriented, of BMWFJ and Austrian Federal Economic Chamber.
The National Day was on May 21, 2010.
Reuse
Numerous pavilions were dismantled, sold or transported from the countries of origin. Several pavilions have been preserved: the Czech and Slovak pavilion were in the Huanghua City ( Huanghua ,黄骅) rebuilt in Hebei Province. Also the Swedish Pavilion in Wuxi was rebuilt.
The pavilions of Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands remained. The plan is to reuse the exhibition grounds, after completion of the construction phase in 2015, as a mixed use of service firms and an Expo Museum.
Gallery
Lupu Bridge at Expo 2010
Expo 2010 at night
" German - Chinese House " from giant bamboo
Aerodium wind tunnel at the Expo 2010