Maykop
Maikop (Russian Майкоп; Adyghe Мыекъуапэ / Myekuapje ) is a city in southern Russia, about 1250 km as the crow south of Moscow. It is the capital of the Republic of Adygea in the Federal District Southern Federal District and has 144,249 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ).
The name of Maikop (or Myekuapje ) has its origin in Adyge and means valley of apples.
Geography and climate
The city is located at the junction of hilly Caucasus foothills in the valley on the river Belaya Cuba. Nearest city Belorechensk is 24 km northwest of Maikop in the neighboring region of Krasnodar.
History
Founded in 1857 on adygejischem area by the river Belaya as a Russian fortress, Maikop served as an important strategic point in the conquest of Circassia. 1870 Maikop was declared a city. 1911, oil was discovered in the vicinity of Maikop, in the following years developed here one of the centers of the Caucasian oil region.
During the Second World War was occupied Maikop blue of the German Wehrmacht during the operation on August 9, 1942. During the German occupation of the Technical Brigade Mineral Oil to bring the previously destroyed during the Soviet withdrawal oil production facilities in Maikop back on track, but this was only a very small proportion tried. In addition, it was intended on the German side, taking also the oil producing regions of Grozny and Baku. However, the thrust remained in Vladikavkaz at the end of 1942 put, and in January 1943 began the German retreat, so that Maikop was rescued a short time later by the Soviet forces again.
From 1936 to 1991 Maikop was the capital of the autonomous region Adygejischen the RSFSR, since 1991 the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation.
Population
Of the approximately 144,000 residents in 2010 were approximately 64% of ethnic Russians 20.3% Adygei, 5% Armenians and 2.5 % Ukrainians. The remaining 8.2% were composed of other minorities, including about Abkhazians or Tatars.
Demographics
Note: Census data
Education
Maikop is the seat of a university, a technical university and other educational institutions, including a branch of the South Russian State Technical University.
Economy
After the oil exploration in and around the town of Maikop has become one of the major oil production sites in the Soviet Union and in Russia.
The main economic activities are otherwise the food processing and the timber industry.
Culture
In Maikop there is a large Mosque as well as numerous Orthodox churches.
Sports
In football, the city is represented by the association Druzhba Maikop.
Sons and daughters of the town
- Aidamir Mugu (* 1990), singer
- Nikita Kucherov (* 1993), ice hockey player