Zaha Hadid

Zaha Hadid Mohammad, DBE (Arabic زها حديد, DMG Zaha Hadid ) ( born October 31, 1950 in Baghdad ) is a native of Iraq-born architect and Professor of Architecture British. As the first woman she received the 2004 prestigious award in architecture, the Pritzker Architecture Prize. In 2009 it was awarded the Praemium Imperiale.

Life and work

Zaha Hadid's parents Wajiha Sabunji (d. 1983) and Muhammad Hadid ( 1907-1999 ) came from families from Mosul who had attained with trade, industrial investment and real estate wealth. Her father Muhammad Hadid studied from 1928 to 1931 at the London School of Economics, where he is also a life-long lasting admiration for both the economist Sidney Webb, Hugh Dalton, John Maynard Keynes and for the social democratic ideas of the Fabian Society acquired. In addition to its corporate commitment, he was several times Minister of Finance and in 1946 co-founded the Iraqi Democratic Party and 1960, the co-founder and head of the " Progressive Democratic Party ." Since their parents used a western lifestyle, Zaha Hadid grew up with her ​​two brothers up in a house that was influenced by the Bauhaus style. Even as a child, she designed her own children's new, this plan was then carried out by a carpenter as a template for many other children in Baghdad. In the late 1950s, they could watch the construction of the Iraqi Ministry of Planning, the Gio Ponti was built as a replica of the Pirelli skyscraper in Baghdad. Your school days she spent in a run by Catholic nuns convent school in Baghdad, and later in a Swiss and an English boarding school.

Training

Until 1971 she studied mathematics at the American University of Beirut. From 1972 to 1977 she studied architecture at the Architectural Association School ( AA) in London. Led by Alvin Boyarsky AA became a center for the counter- movement of a second architectural modernism in the 1970s. Lecturers as Rem Koolhaas and Bernard Tschumi stood for a search for new forms beyond classical modernism and neo- historicism. Even then, it was considered extremely talented. Her final work was a hotel on London's Hungerford Bridge, which she called Malevich 's Tectonics, as homage to the Russian Suprematist Kasimir Malevich. In 1977, she accepted the offer to become assistant at Koolhaas ' Office for Metropolitan Architecture (OMA ) and taught himself now also at the AA with its OMA partners Rem Koolhaas and Elia Zenghelis. The British capital has been chosen to live. There she opened her own office in 1980 also, the German architect and professor of architecture today Patrik Schumacher ( born 1961 ) is her business partner since 1988.

Projects and Objects

In 1983, she attracted the - unbuilt - Leisure and Recreation Park The Peak Leisure Club on a mountain slope in Hong Kong for the first time an international sensation and received an award. With this design, it was in 1988 also represented at the influential Deconstructivist Architecture Exhibition of the New York Museum of Modern Art and was therefore initially as a theoretical thought leader of deconstructivism. However, she was not committed to the deconstruction, but in search of a yet -to-find formal language of modernism. For a long time their projects to the bold builders. Many designs unexecuted stand for a long losing streak. Among them unbuilt projects are like a office building at Kurfürstendamm 70 in Berlin- Charlottenburg, 1st Prize in 1986 (with only 2.5 m [! ] Base width, the contract was awarded to Helmut Jahn ) and the new Zollhof in Dusseldorf, 1990 ( awarded the contract later Frank Gehry ).

Only in 1993 they made ​​the breakthrough and was able to realize her first draft: the fire station at the Vitra factory in Weil am Rhein. She owed this to the innovative spirit of Rolf Fehlbaum, the managing owner of Vitra, who had already engaged a number of respected architects such as Tadao Ando and Frank Gehry for the construction of new production facilities, other companies building and the Vitra Design Museum. Although she had already begun in 1987 with the construction of a comparatively inconspicuous house with residential courtyard for IBA in Berlin- Kreuzberg, but this was completed only in 1994. My largest project to date in Germany is phæno in Wolfsburg (built 2001-2005), an interactive hands-on museum of science, in which they tested new ways of dynamic design of the room. Hadid keeps this design for their most ambitious building in Germany, because it " weightless WOULD " despite its complex structure. Her younger, fluent designed works are " archaic and futuristic " at the same time as described.

Hadid's architecture firm is also active in the design and realized among other furniture designs, interior design, exhibition pavilions, exhibition designs and utilitarian.

Your architectural models are mainly the Russian Suprematist and Constructivist such as Kasimir Malevich and El Lissitzky. On the other hand she holds the post-modern architecture for an intellectual disaster. Hadid's works seem to follow the credo of Malevich 's view of observers: " We can only perceive space when we free ourselves from the earth, if the point of support disappears. " (1928 ) Hadid's aversion to the primacy of the right angle they took on mathematically expressed:

"The important thing is the movement, the flow of things, a non- Euclidean geometry in which nothing repeats itself: . A reorganization of space"

Teaching

In the late 1980s, Hadid has focused on the theoretical work as a visiting professor at the Graduate School of Design, Harvard University ( Kenzo Tange Chair ), then to the School of Architecture of the University of Chicago ( Sullivan Chair ). There were other guest professor at the College of Fine Arts in Hamburg, the Knolton School of Architecture in Ohio and the Masters Studio at Columbia University in New York. Since 2000, Hadid has been a professor at the Institute of Architecture at the University of Applied Arts Vienna, where she manages the studio hadid -vienna. In 2002, she took a semester Eero Saarinen Visiting Professorship at Yale School of Architecture in New Haven ( Connecticut ) true.

Retrospective

Bergiselschanze in Innsbruck, 2003

Central Building at BMW's plant in Leipzig, 2004

Mountain station of hunger Funicular Innsbruck, 2008

Back of the Chanel Mobile Pavilion before the Institut du monde arabe, 2011

Buildings and Projects (selection)

  • Stage for a live tour of the Pet Shop Boys
  • Fire station for the Vitra factory in Weil am Rhein 1993
  • Commercial building with residential tower and residential courtyard for IBA in Berlin- Kreuzberg, Stresemann Straße 109, 1987-1994
  • LF one: landscape formation one, Pavilion for the State Garden Show in Weil am Rhein 1999
  • Tram terminus Hoenheim North and park and ride site, Strasbourg 2001
  • Bergiselschanze in Innsbruck 2003
  • Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Arts in Cincinnati 2003
  • Stage set for Beat Furrer's opera " desire " in Graz 2003
  • Central Building at BMW's Leipzig plant in 2004
  • Guggenheim Museum in Taiwan
  • Railway Station for high -speed trains in Naples Afragola (1st prize 2003)
  • Skyscraper on the old fair grounds in the center of Milan ( Association for a new district with Daniel Libeskind, Arata Isozaki and Pier Paolo Maggiora; planned 2004 competition decision, completion by 2014)
  • Extension to the Ordrupgaard Museum in Charlottenlund (Denmark), Completion 2005
  • Phæno - the experimental landscape, a science museum in Wolfsburg in 2005
  • Housing facility at Vienna Danube canal bank at the " Spittelauer border " over the railway arches by Otto Wagner
  • Hungerburgbahn / Nordkettenbahn in Innsbruck, 2005-2008
  • High-rise "Tour CMA CGM ," seat of the French shipping company CMA CGM in Marseille, 2006-2010
  • Sheikh Zayed Bridge, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
  • London Aquatics Centre for 2012 Summer Olympics
  • New university library in Seville (completion planned by 2008 )
  • New headquarters of EuskoTren in Durango (Spain )
  • Museo Betile, Cagliari, Museum of the prehistoric Sardinian Nuraghen and Contemporary Art (1st prize 2006)
  • Lilium Tower, Warsaw with a ventilated glass facade
  • Bridge Pavilion for the Expo 2008 in Zaragoza
  • Guangzhou Opera House, Guangzhou ( 2005 - Opening May 6, 2010)
  • Art museum MAXXI (Museo nazionale delle arti del XXI secolo ) in Rome ( finished in 2009, Opening: May 28, 2010)
  • Riverside Museum, Glasgow. Opening: June 21, 2011
  • Eli and Edytha Broad Art Museum, East Lansing, Michigan, USA; Opening: November 2012
  • Headquarters of the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI ) in Baghdad, in planning since 2012.
  • First architect-designed wine bottle, scheduled for Leo Hillinger, 2013, produced only 999 bottles
  • National Stadium, Tokyo, Kasumigaoka ( estimated completion: 2018, provided as the main stadium of the Olympic and Paralympic Games 2020)
  • Library ( " Library and Learning Center ") of the campus of the University of Economics (WU ), Vienna, 2013
  • Hall 3A, the Nuremberg exhibition, inauguration 2014

Awards and honors

In October 2011, Zaha Hadid was a member of the jury for the award of the Pritzker Prize to Wang Shu.

  • 2013: Aenne Burda Award

Publications

  • Zaha Hadid and Hélène Binet: Architecture of Zaha Hadid in Photographs of Hélène Binet. Lars Müller Publishers, Baden 2000, ISBN 3-907078-12-8.
  • Zaha Hadid and Patrik Schumacher: Latent Utopias. Experiments within Contemporary Architecture. steirischerherbst 2002, Springer, Wien et al 2002, ISBN 3-211-83865-1.
  • Zaha Hadid: Zaha Hadid. Complete Works 1978-2008. Translated from English by Laila G. Neubert - Mader, DVA, Munich 2009, 256 pp., 600 color illustrations, ISBN 978-3-421-03746-6.
DIN 31635 Giò Ponti Kazimir Malevich Vitra (furniture) International Building Exhibition Berlin Postmodern architecture Non-Euclidean geometry Arab World Institute Eli Broad Peter Noever BBC Multimedia library Montpellier Westdeutscher Rundfunk China Central Television Michael Schindhelm Wirtschaftswoche BauNetz British Council Integrated Authority File
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