Deutsches Theater
The German Theater ( DT) at the Friedrich -Wilhelm- town in the district of Mitte (district center) was opened in Berlin in 1850 as Friedrich- Wilhelm- Municipal Theatre and initially used an entertainment repertoire. From the end of the 19th century it was a privately run and funded stage with civic education program. In the 20th century it was used mainly for the performance of plays, with a large proportion of classical pieces and more conservative audience. Since the 1990s, it is one of the four subsidized, guided as Regiebetriebe top stages in Berlin.
- 2.1 operetta time
- 2.2 Reinhardt - era
- 2.3 Hilpert and Wangenheim - Third Reich and the postwar period
- 2.4 In the GDR
- 2.5 Nachwendezeit
History
The Poss Theatre
The building of the theater was built in 1849/1850 by Eduard Titz commissioned by Friedrich Wilhelm Deichmann. This ran a casino, in whose garden a smaller stage successfully afforded comedies and farces already over the summer. The new building was opened in 1850 as Friedrich- Wilhelm -urban theater with about 600 seats. The theater-makers pursued a popularly - amusing claim, in a time when the king Municipal Theatre - originally with the same objective - was at the end. From 1860 operettas were performed here. The Woltersdorff Theatre, the Friedrich- Wilhelm -urban called 1883 New Theatre, was often confused because of the similarity of names with this new Poss theater.
German Theatre Interior with Seating ( 1912)
Chamber Games Interior with Seating ( 1912)
Turning away from the entertainment
1883 founded the writer and theater critic Adolph L' Arronge with a group of wealthy actors a theater with a more sophisticated program that blended the popular folk pieces with classics. He directed this German theater, which now took the Wilhelm Municipal building, until 1894 itself was succeeded from 1894 to 1903 Otto Brahm. Brahm, who had objected as a critic against L' Arronge, this was staged too little " good pieces ", brought in addition to the performance of the classics now also contemporary pieces of naturalism on the stage and sat authors such as Gerhart Hauptmann, August Strindberg and Arthur Schnitzler through.
The era Reinhardt
From 1905, the dedicated in 1895 as an actor Max Reinhardt took over the management of the house, which he acquired in 1906. 1906 Reinhardt was a 1850 also built by F. W. Deichmann on the neighboring property ballroom by William Mueller convert to another theater, which was opened in 1906 as a chamber games. In a narrower frame and private sinister atmosphere should the then dramatic modernity here made accessible werden.Für equipping the lobby of the chamber games created Edvard Munch 's Frieze of Life.
Period of National Socialism
After Reinhardt in 1932 left the house, was Heinz Hilpert 1934 director and passed the House by the time of National Socialism until the closing of 1944, compared with its main competitor -. Said representative Staatstheater am Gendarmenmarkt - was the German theater Reinhardt and Hilpert's a stage of the subtle nuances and the soft tones with a classic humanist program.
1945 to the end of the GDR
On September 7, 1945, the theater was reopened under the aristocrats and Communists Gustav von Wangenheim. The Berlin stood for tickets to the first performance after the end of the war, there was Lessing's Nathan the Wise and the German premiere of Our Town by Thornton Wilder. According to von Wangenheim was 1946-1963 Wolfgang Langhoff director, which contributed to a polarization between East and West Berlin theaters. From 1949 to 1954, the German theater of Bertolt Brecht housed Berliner Ensemble as a guest under the direction of Helene Weigel. The production of Brecht's Mother Courage and Her Children is still regarded as one of the most important theater performances of the postwar period. The legendary vans from the staging of 11 January 1949 and the costumes by Helene Weigel, which for the first time played the role of Mother Courage in this performance are on display at the Brecht - Weigel-Haus in Buckow. After Langhoff's falling out with the cultural leaders of the Central Committee of the SED followed him Wolfgang Heinz (1963-1970), Hanns Perten Anselm (1970-1972), Gerhard Wolfram (1972-1982), Rolf Rohmer (1982-1984) and Dieter Mann (1984 - 1991) as director. 1989, also DT- actors involved in the demonstration at the Berlin Alexanderplatz, is considered a milestone of the peaceful revolution in the GDR.
Except for theatrical performances served the German theater and the connected chamber games as demanding function room for conferences or youth consecration celebrations.
After the turn
After the turn took Wolfgang Langhoff's son Thomas Langhoff, the artistic director of the theater ( 1991-2001 ). From 2001 to 2008, the DT by Bernd Wilms was conducted. Under his leadership, the House again developed into one of the leading theaters of the country. Especially the four fixed directors Barbara Frey, Dimiter Gotscheff, Jürgen Gosch and Michael Thalheimer had a formative. Thalheimer from 2005 to 2008 Member of the Artistic Direction of the house. In the season 2008/ 09 Oliver Reese was interim director. From the season 2009/2010 took over the directorship Ulrich Khuon.
In 2005, the DT was named " Theatre of the Year ". The productions Who 's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? by Edward Albee (directed by Jürgen Gosch ), The Oresteia of Aeschylus (directed by Michael Thalheimer ), and in 2008 The rats of Gerhart Hauptmann ( Director: Michael Thalheimer ) and Anton Chekhov's Uncle Vanya ( Director: Jürgen Gosch ) were to Berlin Theatre Meeting, the annual Best of Festival of German-language theaters, invited. In 2008, the DT got a total of 6 of 9 awards: It was called " Theatre of the Year ", Jürgen Gosch's version Uncle Vanya is the " Production of the Year " and also shows the Actor of the Year: For her portrayal of Jelena and for their wife in The John rats, the jury Constanze Becker for " Actress of the Year ". Ulrich Matthes as Vanya and Jens Harzer as Astrov share the title of " Actor of the Year ". Olaf Altmann's set design for the rats was voted " Stage of the Year". Niklas Kohrt plays the Bruno Mechelke in Rats and " Young Actor of the Year". Ensemble members like Nina Hoss, Ulrich Matthes and Niklas Kohrt were honored with Actor prices. International awards went to guest performances as Emilia Galotti by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing ( Director: Michael Thalheimer ) and Lolita by Vladimir Nabokov ( Director: Oliver Reese ).
The German theater has three stages: The Great house with about 600 seats in a hall of 1850 with predominantly classical repertoire, the board games with about 230 seats ( in 1906 by Max Reinhardt furnished in a modern design), devoted to contemporary and modern drama and the newly opened in 2006 box - a compact black box in the foyer of the chamber games with eighty spectators for up-close theater, new texts and current issues. In 2010 the Berlin Senate decided to erect on the back of the building complex, a new rehearsal stage center. The L- shaped building on the farm, designed by architects Gerkan, Marg and Partners, will have three rehearsal stages one above the other and also included workshops, dressing rooms and offices. Start of construction estimated at about 9.9 million euros new building will be in the summer of 2013.
Internationally, the German theater is a successful presence. With more than 200 guest performances since 2001 saw tens of thousands of visitors productions such as Emilia Galotti, Faust I, Faust II, Who 's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? and The Persians in Europe, South America, USA and Japan. Due to the openness and diversity of its program and its commitment to great actors, directors and playwrights its historical claim preserves the DT today.
People
Operetta time
Lina Mayr, Anna Schramm
Reinhardt - era
The ensemble of the Deutsches Theater were under the direction of Max Reinhardt, including the following actresses and actors: Lída Baarová, Ewald Balser, Elisabeth Bergner, Curt Bois, Paul Dahlke, Marlene Dietrich, Käthe Dorsch, Tilla Durieux, Willy Fritsch, Gustav Fröhlich Otto fee, Heinrich George, Dolly Haas, Paul Henckels, Edward Hermann, Lucie Polite, Paul Hörbiger, Marianne Hoppe, Brigitte Horney, Emil Jannings, Friedrich Kayssler, Eugen Klopfer, Hermione grains, Kurt Lieck, Harry Liedtke, Theodor Loos, Evelyn Meyka, Alexander Moissi, Grete Mosheim, Max Pallenberg, Erich Ponto, Fritz Rasp, Leni Riefenstahl, Heinz Rühmann, Adele Sandrock, Sybille Schmitz, Conrad Veidt, Elsa Wagner, Hermann Wedekind, Paul Wegener, Mathias Wieman and Eduard von Winterstein.
Gustaf worked here from 1928 to 1933 as a director.
Hilpert and Wangenheim - Third Reich and the postwar period
Heinz Hilpert (1934-1944), Gustav von Wangenheim (1945-1946)
In the GDR
Directors were, inter alia, Benno Besson, Adolf Dresen, Wolfgang Heinz, Alexander Lang, Thomas Langhoff, Wolfgang Langhoff, Heiner Müller, Friedo Solter, Rolf Winkelgrund. Authors of the house were, inter alia, Peter Hacks, Heinar Kipphardt and Armin stumbling. Famous actors were, inter alia, Reimar John Baur, Gerhard Bienert, Kurt Bowe, Peter Dommisch, Fred Düren, Eberhard Esche, Dieter Franke, Christian Grashof, Herwart Large, Elsa Grube- Deister, Jörg Gudzuhn, Horst Hiemer, Inge Keller, Volkmar Kleinert, Dietrich Körner, Ulrike Krumbiegel, Rolf Ludwig, Lisa Macheiner, Dieter Mann, Dagmar Manzel, Otto Mellie, Ulrich Mühe, Irma Münch, Katja Paryla, Erika Pelikowsky, Klaus Piontek, Gudrun Ritter, Barbara Schnitzler, Christine Schorn, Lissy Tempelhof, Hilmar Thate, Ulrich Thein, Jutta Wachowiak, Eduard von Winterstein, Simone of Zglinicki. Theater conductor and composer was Reiner Brede Meyer.
Nachwendezeit
Directors are, inter alia, Andreas Dresen, Barbara Frey, Jürgen Gosch, Dimiter Gotscheff, Thomas Langhoff and Michael Thalheimer. On the stage are, inter alia, Constanze Becker, Samuel Finzi, Jörg Gudzuhn, Nina Hoss, Ingo Hülsmann, Inge Keller, Wolfram Koch, Sven Lehmann, Dieter Mann, Otto Mellie, Dagmar Manzel, Valery Tscheplanowa, Jutta Wachowiak. As guests were engaged, inter alia, Ben Becker, Martina Gedeck, Corinna Harfouch and Angela Winkler.