High Alps

Under a high mountain is understood according to the definition in dictionary Dierckes General Geography, " a larger full form which significantly rises above the sea level and has special geo-ecological characteristics. "

Characteristics

Physio Geographically, the mountains stand in the middle latitudes (about 40-70 ° north / south) by glacial forms such as Kare, Vergratungen and Wandversteilungen, which are found in the top corridors at altitudes of about 2000-2200 m, Wandversteilungen even deeper. Also the occurrence of recent solifluction and reaching the tree line are used as landscape ecological aspects. Landscape ( geomorphology ) are often steep shapes and large height differences in a confined space high mountains characteristic, connected with a pronounced structure in vegetation height levels.

But addition to the designation of a mountain range, as such, the term describes only the height level, the high mountain stage, which - in the Alps and other mountain ranges in temperate zones - the two alpine to the frost line split levels and nival covers, and above the central mountain zone ( montane ) extends.

While in Central Europe, the boundaries for low mountain stage or the low mountain ranges that do not reach the high mountain stage, from about 1500 m and 2000 m to the tree line (because from this height level the rock formations largely open come to light ) and colonized (upper limit of ecumenism, the Settled space ) has been established, the picture is very differentiated depending on climate zone: In the (sub-) tropical Andean region are about even larger cities preferred to 2000-3500 m above sea level. NN, the criterion of colonization appears here makes little sense, similar to what happens in the Ethiopian highlands of Abyssinia or the Himalayas.

Overview of the most important high mountains

Europe

  • Alps Western Alps ( Mont Blanc 4,810 m; Monterosa 4,634 m)
  • Eastern Alps Central Eastern Alps ( Bernina 4049 m; Grossglockner 3,798 m)
  • Northern Limestone Alps ( Parseierspitze 3,036 m)
  • Southern Alps ( Ortler 3,905 m) with Dolomites ( Marmolada 3343 m)
  • Galdhøpiggen ( 2,469 m, Norway)
  • Kebnekaise ( 2,111 m, Sweden)
  • Azores (up to 2,300 m)
  • Iceland (up to 2,100 m)
  • Corsica ( Monte Cinto, Paglia Orba to 2,700 m)
  • Crete ( Ida etc. to 2,450 m)
  • Novaya Zemlya (up to 1,590 m )
  • Sardinia (up to 1,800 m)
  • Sicily ( Etna, 3340 m)
  • Spitsbergen (up to 1,700 m)

Asia

  • Alai (up to 5,600 m)
  • Altai (up to 4,506 m)
  • Altun Shan (up to 6,200 m)
  • Arakan Yoma mountain range (up to 3,100 m)
  • Balochistan (up to 4,050 m)
  • Khangai mountains (up to 3,905 m)
  • Chingan (up to 1,700 m)
  • Alborz (up to 5,604 m)
  • Ghats ( the Western Ghats to 2,700 m, Eastern Ghats to 1,600 m)
  • Gobi - Altai (up to 3,957 m)
  • Himalayas (up to 8,848 m Mount Everest / ( Tschomolungma ), ten eight-thousanders )
  • Hindu Kush (up to 7,700 m)
  • Tibetan Plateau ( up to 6,800 m)
  • Karakorum (up to 8,611 m, four eight-thousanders )
  • Sredinnyj - ridge (up to 3,621 m)
  • Caucasus (up to 5,642 m)
  • Kunlun Shan (up to 7,724 m)
  • Mongolian Altai (up to 4,362 m)
  • Pamir (up to 7,495 m)
  • Putorana mountains (up to 1,701 m)
  • Qin Ling (up to 3,800 m)
  • Sikhote -Alin (up to 2,078 m)
  • Stanowojgebirge (up to 2,412 m)
  • Taihang Shan (up to 3,100 m)
  • Taurus Mountains, Pontic Mountains ( each up to 2,900 m)
  • Tianshan (up to 7,439 m)
  • Tonkin (up to 3,150 m)
  • Tscherskigebirge (up to 3,147 m)
  • Verkhoyansk Mountains, Suntar Chajata (up to 2,959 m)
  • Yemen (up to 3,800 m)
  • Zagros Mountains ( Persia until 4600 m)
  • Borneo ( Kalimantan ) (up to 4,100 m)
  • Ceylon (Sri Lanka (up to 2,500 m)
  • Java (up to 3,676 m)
  • Kamchatka (up to 4,750 m)
  • Sumatra (up to 3,805 m)
  • Sulawesi (formerly Celebes ) (up to 3,455 m)
  • Japan ( to 3,800 m)
  • Philippines (up to 3000 m)
  • Sakhalin (up to 1,600 m)

Africa

  • Atlas (up to 4,165 m)
  • Drakensberg (up to 3,482 m)
  • Haggar / Ahaggar (up to 3,005 m)
  • Highlands of Abyssinia (up to 4,620 m)
  • Highlands of Adamawa (up to 2,710 m)
  • Highlands of Bie (up to 2,610 m)
  • Marra plateau (up to 3,088 m)
  • Kalahari (up to 1,900 m)
  • Mount Cameroon (up to 4,070 m)
  • Kilimanjaro (up to 5,895 m)
  • Kipengere mountains (up to 3,000 m)
  • Loma Mountains (up to 2,000 m)
  • Maasai ( to 3,400 m)
  • Mitumba mountains (up to 1,735 m)
  • Mount Kenya massif (up to 5,199 m)
  • Mulanje (up to 3,000 m)
  • Rwenzori Mountains ( 5,109 m)
  • Somali highlands (up to 4,307 m)
  • Swartberg mountains (up to 2,504 m) ( Compass Mountain )
  • Tibesti (up to 3,415 m)
  • Canaries (up to 3,700 m; La Palma 2,400 m)
  • Cape Verde (up to 2,829 m)
  • Madagascar (up to 2,900 m)
  • Réunion ( to 3,100 m)
  • São Tomé (up to 2,000 m)
  • Tristan da Cunha (up to 2,100 m)

America

  • Andes ( Cordillera (> 30 six-thousand, Aconcagua 6,960 m)
  • Appalachians (up to 2,000 m)
  • Brazilian highlands (up to 2,000 m)
  • Coast Mountains ( to 4,000 m )
  • Greenland (up to 3,700 m)
  • Guiana (up to 2,800 m)
  • Rocky Mountains (Eng. " Rocky Mountains ", to 6200 m)
  • Serra do Mar (up to 2,800 m)
  • Sierra Nevada (up to 4,400 m)
  • Sierra Madre Occidental (up to 3,300 m)
  • Sierra Madre Oriental (up to 3,700 m)
  • Baffin, Ellesmere ( each up to 2,600 m)
  • Tierra del Fuego (up to 2,500 m)
  • Haiti ( 3.200 m )
  • Cuba (up to 2,000 m)

Oceania

Antarctic

  • Transantarktisches mountains (up to 4,500 m) Queen Maud Mountains
  • Mount Vinson ( 4.892m )
Aneto Alpamayo Dinaric Alps Carpathian Mountains High Tatras Low Tatras Caucasus Mountains Peloponnese Pindus Mount Olympus Pirin Rhodope Mountains Rila Sierra Nevada (Spain) Alay Mountains Altai Mountains Arakan Mountains Greater Khingan Karakoram Putorana Plateau Sikhote-Alin Chersky Range Hoggar Mountains Bié Plateau Kalahari Desert Tibesti Mountains Appalachian Mountains Ellesmere Island Transantarctic Mountains Ellsworth Mountains Vinson Massif Integrated Authority File
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