Scilla

Alpine Squill (Scilla bifolia )

The Blue star (Scilla ), also written as trivial name " Scilla ", are a genus in the subfamily Scilloideae within the family of asparagus plants ( Asparagaceae ). They come in all of Europe, parts of Asia and in a few places in Africa. Among the representatives, there are also some ornamental plants. In Germany, most famously the local Lesser probably squill, which is also planted in many parks and gardens.

• 3.1 Notes and references

Description

All Scilla species are perennial herbaceous plants. This form Geophyten onions as outlasting. From the onion arise from one to five shoot axes, which can in some species reach a height of up to 50 centimeters. The leaves are grouped in a basal rosette.

The blue stars forming terminal, racemose inflorescences, which are one to many flowered. The flower stems are usually erect, sometimes curved or nodding at the tip, rarely projecting or bent downward. It is a bract per flower present or absent. The six equal multiform bracts are free or fused at the base and spread out or back curved. Your coloring is usually blue to purpurlich, rarely white. The stamens are free, inserted at the base of the bloom and narrowed towards the tip. The ovary is globose to obovate, trilocular with two to ten ovules per subject. The most straight style ends in a small and truncated scar.

The fruit is globose capsule lokulizide, opens three-lobed and contains 3 to 30 seeds. The seeds are globose to ellipsoid, yellow, brown or black, shiny, wingless and have in some species a Elaiosom.

System

The genus Scilla contains more broadly about 50 to 90 species (selection):

Scilla in the strict sense

The genus Scilla in their sense traditionally used, wide is a paraphyletic group and to divide it into two or more classes in a system on a phylogenetic basis. In the narrow genus Scilla of kinship circle around the generic type, Scilla bifolia remains, including the closely related genus Chionodoxa.

• Alpine Squill (Scilla bifolia L.), type species of the genus Scilla, comes in the narrow sense in Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Slovenia and northern Croatia, is often combined with related small clans from Europe and the Middle East.
• Scilla cydonia Speta, occurs only in Western Crete and Karpathos.
• Scilla decidua Speta
• Traun squill (Scilla drunensis ( Speta ) Speta )
• Large bluebell or Blue Snow Cross ( Scilla forbesii ( Baker) Speta, Syn: Chionodoxa forbesii Baker), Origin: Western Turkey.
• Cypriot bluebell (Scilla lochiae ( Meikle ) Speta, Syn: Chionodoxa lochiae Meikle ), Origin: Cyprus.
• Common bluebell or Big Snow pride (Scilla luciliae ( Boiss. ) Speta, Syn. Chionodoxa luciliae Boiss ), Origin: Turkey.
• Scilla nana ( Schult. & Schult.f. ) Speta ( Syn: Chionodoxa nana ( Schult. & Schult f ) Boiss & Heldr, Chionodoxa cretica Boiss & Heldr. .. .. ), Origin: Crete. Scilla nana subsp. albescens ( Speta ) Speta, syn. Scilla albescens Speta, Chionodoxa albescens ( Speta ) Rix

Scilla in the broader sense

The following types (selection ) are often placed in the genera listed as synonyms:

• Beautiful squill ( Scilla amoena L., Syn Othocallis amoena (L.) Speta ), home unknown.
• Scilla atropatana Grossh. (Syn. Hyacinthella atropatana ( Grossh. ) Mordak & Zakhar. )
• Autumn squill (Scilla autumnalis L., Syn: Prospero autumnale (L.) Speta ), Origin: Mediterranean region.
• Scilla bisotunensis Speta ( Syn: Fessia bisotunensis ( Speta ) Speta )
• Scilla cilicica See ( Syn: Othocallis cilicica (See ) Speta ).
• Scilla furseorum Meikle ( Syn: Fessia furseorum ( Meikle ) Speta ), Origin: North-East Afghanistan.
• Scilla gorganica Speta ( Syn: Fessia gorganica ( Speta ) Speta )
• Greilhuber squill (Scilla greilhuberi Speta, Syn: Fessia greilhuberi ( Speta ) Speta ), Origin: Iran.
• Scilla griffithii Hochr. ( Syn: Fessia purpurea ( Griff. ) Speta )
• Hohenacker squill (Scilla hohenackeri Fish & CA Mey, Syn: .. Fessia hohenackeri ( Fisch. & CA Mey ) Speta. ), Origin: Caucasus, Iran.
• Hyacinth Squill (Scilla hyacinthoides L., Syn: Nectaroscilla hyacinthoides (L.) Parl ), Origin: Southern Europe, Western Asia, naturalized in Algeria.
• Scilla ingridae Speta ( Syn: Othocallis ingridae ( Speta ) Speta )
• Scilla kurdistanica Speta ( Syn: Othocallis kurdistanica ( Speta ) Speta )
• Scilla leepii Speta ( Syn: Othocallis leepii ( Speta ) Speta )
• Scilla libanotica Speta ( Syn: Othocallis libanotica ( Speta ) Speta )
• Pyrenees squill (Scilla liliohyacinthus L., Syn Tractema liliohyacinthus (L.) Speta ), Origin: North Spain, France.
• Amethyst squill or meadows squill (Scilla litardierei Breistr, Syn. Chouardia litardierei ( Breistr. ) Speta ), Origin: Croatia, Bosnia, Serbia, Montenegro.
• Scilla madeirensis Menezes ( Syn: Autonoe madeirensis ( Menezes ) Speta ).
• Scilla melaina Speta ( Syn: Othocallis melaina ( Speta ) Speta )
• Scilla mesopotamica Speta ( Syn: Othocallis mesopotamica ( Speta ) Speta )
• Mishchenko squill (Scilla mischtschenkoana Grossh, Syn. Othocallis mischtschenkoana ( Grossh. ) Speta ), Origin: Caucasus.
• Einblättriger squill ( Scilla monophyllos link Syn Tractema monophyllos (Link) Speta ), is found in Spain and Portugal.
• Scilla mordakiae Speta ( Syn: Othocallis mordakiae ( Speta ) Speta )
• Scilla morrisii Meikle ( Syn: Othocallis morrisii ( Meikle ) Speta, with Scilla veneris Speta as Othocallis morrisii var veneris ( Speta ) Speta )
• Scilla obtusifolia Poir. ( Syn: Prospero obtusifolium ( Poir. ) Speta ), occurs in northeast Spain, Algeria, Morocco and the islands of the western Mediterranean region.
• Scilla parwanica Speta ( Syn: Fessia parwanica ( Speta ) Speta )
• Scilla persica Hausskn. ( Syn: Zagrosia persica ( Hausskn. ) Speta ), Origin: Western Iran, northern Iraq.
• Peruvian Blue Star or Star of Peru (Scilla peruviana L., Syn: Oncostema peruviana (L.) Speta ), Origin: Western Mediterranean, Portugal, North Africa.
• Puschkinien squill (Scilla puschkinioides rule Syn: Fessia puschkinioides ( usually ) Speta ), Origin: Central Asia
• Scilla raewskiana rule ( Ex.: Fessia raewskiana ( usually ) Speta )
• Cyclamen squill (Scilla rosenii K. Koch, Syn: Othocallis rosenii (K. Koch) Speta ), Origin: Caucasus, Turkey.
• Oriental squill ( Scilla scilloides ( Lindl. ) Druce, Syn: Barnardia japonica ( Thunb. ) Schult Schult & f. . ), Origin: East Asia (China, Amur, Manchurian, Korea, Japan, Taiwan).
• Siberian squill or Russian squill ( Scilla siberica Haw, Syn. Othocallis siberica ( Haw. ) Speta ), Origin: Western Asia, Russia, Europe, naturalized in many cases.
• Scilla talosii Tzanoud. & Kypr. ( Syn: Prospero talosii ( Tzanoud. & Kypr ) Speta. )
• Scilla verna Huds. ( Syn: Tractema verna ( Huds. ) Speta, Oncostema verna ( Huds. ) Speta ), Origin: Western Europe from Portugal and Spain to the UK, Norway and the Faroe Islands.
• Scilla vvedenskyi Pazij ( Syn: Fessia vvedenskyi ( Pazij ) Speta )

Swell

• John McNeill: Scilla. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee ( eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford et al 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5, p 320 ( online; Description section ).
• Entry in the www.pacificbulbsociety.org.
• Walter Erhardt, Erich Götz, Nils Boedeker, Siegmund Seybold: The big walleye. Encyclopedia of plant names. Band. 2 species and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart ( Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7.
• John McNeill: Scilla L. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb ( eds.): Flora Europaea. Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae ( Monocotyledones ), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1980, ISBN 0 - 521-20108 -X, pp. 41-43 ( limited preview on Google Book Search ).