Wolfgang Schadewaldt
Wolfgang Schadewaldt ( born March 15, 1900 in Berlin, † November 10, 1974 in Tübingen ) was a German literary scholar, philologist and translator. As a professor at the University of Tübingen, he held the Chair of Classical Philology ( Gräzistik ) and survival of the ancient world.
Life
The son of a doctor studied in his hometown Berlin Classical Philology, Archaeology and German with Ulrich von Wilamowitz - Moellendorff and Werner Jaeger. After graduation (1924 ) and Habilitation ( 1927) was Schadewaldt from 1927 lecturer at the Friedrich- Wilhelms-Universität. In 1928 he was appointed professor at the University of Königsberg in 1929 and moved to the University of Freiburg, where he temporarily supported in 1933 under the influence of Martin Heidegger, with whom he was friends whose rectorate and the Nazi- oriented higher education policy as dean. He explained already in the spring of 1934 his resignation as dean and changed as the successor Erich Bethe in the fall at the University of Leipzig. Schadewaldt was co-editor of philological journal Hermes 1933-1944 and the journal Antiquity, which was a wider audience close to bring the knowledge of the ancient world, from 1937 to 1944. In 1941 he went back to the University of Berlin, where he was Chair of Classical Philology held. Since 1942, Schadewaldt was a member of the Wednesday Club in conjunction with men of the resistance. In 1942 he was admitted to the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin. In the academy Schadewaldt had until 1950 the following functions: He was a member of the Institute of Greco-Roman Antiquity and headed the company Polybius lexicon, the Inscriptiones Graecae and the corpus Medicorum Graecorum, he was also in the Academy Member of the German Commission, the Goethe dictionary, and the Commission for late antique religious history. From 1950 and up until 1972 he taught at the University of Tübingen, although he was professor emeritus since 1968. Schadewaldt was the initiator and editor of the Goethe- dictionary. He found his final resting place on the mountain Tübingen cemetery.
Science
Wolfgang Schadewaldt is one of the most important German classical scholar and effective mediator of ancient Greek literature in the 20th century. Egil A. Wyller described him as a "master of those who know there." In his work Schadewaldt dealt with all genres of ancient Greek poetry, epic, lyric poetry, drama and in addition also with the philosophy and historiography. Schadewaldt marked a high point in the Homeric scholarship. Except in numerous solo works are his analyzes on all these topics collected prior to the applied six volume edition of his Tübingen lectures he held 1950-1972.
Significant is the circle of students Schadewaldt to which were the first representatives of Tübingen Plato school. This internationally known direction of Plato interpretation was founded by Hans Joachim Krämer Schadewaldt students and Konrad Gaiser and later continued by Thomas A. Gaiser successor Szlezák. Among the students Schadewaldt include Wolfgang Kullmann and Hellmut Flashar who studied in Berlin with him, as well as the ancient historian Alexander Demandt.
Translations
A wider public is Schadewaldt known as a translator of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, in addition to the transfers of Johann Heinrich Voss, as the best translations of both epics are considered to German. In contrast to Voss Schadewaldt renounced in his translation of the hexameter, which he reasoned as follows:
Schadewaldt transferred the Odyssey (1957 ) in prose, his 1975 posthumous translation of the Iliad, however, used free rhythms. By eliminating the severe form of the hexameter succeeded Schadewaldt, the literal language of Homer, the word order and the laconic of the original to be very close. In addition to the works of Homer Schadewaldt translated among others dramas of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and the Carmina Burana. The outstanding performance combined translation Schadewaldt with the theater-maker Hans Günther Heyme, the realized performances of the works in Cologne.
Memberships and Honors
Writings
- Sophocles Oedipus the King, transfer and Edited, with epilogue; and three essays: The King Oedipus of Sophocles in more recent interpretation, effective history and literature references; Shakespeare's King Lear and Sophocles Oedipus the King; The Broken Jug by Heinrich von Kleist and Sophocles Oedipus the King; Island Paperback 15, ISBN 3-458-31715-5.
- Monologue and soliloquy (1926 )
- Iliasstudien (1938, 2nd edition 1943, 3rd edition 1966)
- The Return of Ulysses (1946 )
- Legend of the wandering minstrel Homer (1942, 1959)
- Sophocles and suffering (1948 )
- Sappho. Being in love (1950 )
- Greek Star Tell (1956 )
- Hellas and Hesperia. Collected writings on ancient and modern literature (1960 )
- Goethe studies. Nature and Antiquity (1963 )
- Tübingen lectures Volume 1: The beginnings of philosophy among the Greeks, Edited by Ingeborg Schudoma, Frankfurt am Main, Suhrkamp, 1978
- Volume 2: The beginnings of the history of the Greeks, Edited by Ingeborg Schudoma, Frankfurt am Main, Suhrkamp, 1982
- Volume 3: The Early Greek Poetry, Edited by Ingeborg Schudoma, Frankfurt am Main, Suhrkamp, 1989
- Volume 4: The Greek Tragedy, Edited by Ingeborg Schudoma, Frankfurt am Main, Suhrkamp, 1991
- Carmina Burana, 1953
- Homer: Odyssey, Hamburg, Rowohlt, 1958
- Homer: Iliad, Frankfurt am Main, Suhrkamp, 1975
- Sophocles: Ajax, Frankfurt am Main, Island, 1993
- Sophocles: Antigone, Frankfurt am Main, Island, 1974
- Sophocles: Electra, Frankfurt am Main, Island, 1994
- Sophocles: The Women of Trachis, Frankfurt am Main, Island, 2000
- Sophocles: Oedipus at Colonus, Frankfurt am Main, Island, 1996
- Sophocles: Philoctetes, Frankfurt am Main, Island, 1999
- Star legends. The mythology of the constellations, Frankfurt am Main, Island, 2002