Jingpo people
The Jingpo or Kachin or Singpho (Chinese景颇族, Pinyin Jǐngpōzú, also: Jingpho, Jingp'o ) are an ethnic group in China, Myanmar and India.
In China, the Jingpo are one of the 55 officially recognized ethnic minorities. They live mainly in the province of Yunnan. According to the last census in 2010, they include 147 828 people. Both in China and in Myanmar are several groups that are linguistically partly differ greatly from each other, to Jingpo or Kachin Nationality expected.
In Myanmar (Burma ), especially in Kachin State in the far north of the country, the Jingpo are a very populous ethnic minority. They represent about 1.4% of the total population of Myanmar. In Myanmar, the term " Kachin " includes groups who speak different Tibeto-Burman languages , ie the Jingpaw ( Jingpo in the narrower sense), the Duleng that Maru ( Lawngwaw ), the Rawang, the Zaiwa and Lachik ( Lashi ). Sometimes even the Lisu be added that as Zaiwa and Maru speak a northern lolo- Burmese language and are recognized in China, Thailand and India as an independent nationality.
In India, about 7200 Jingpo ( Singpho ) living in 13 villages in the districts of Lohit and Changlang the State of Arunachal Pradesh and the district of Tinsukia ( capital: Tinsukia ) in the state of Assam. As China sees over 90 % of the territory of Arunachal Pradesh as its own territory, it looks living there Jingpo (almost 7000) as part of its Jingpo ethnic minority.
Languages
The Jingpo China's five languages are widely spoken, of which four also spoken in Kachin in Myanmar.
Jingpo
Approximately 900,000 people in Myanmar and 40,000 in China speak Jingpo (景颇 语, written in English also Jinghpaw in Myanmar often called Kachin ). The Jingpo language belongs to the Bodo - Konyak - Jingpho subgroup of Tibeto-Burman. It serves as a lingua franca between the different groups of the Jingpo / Kachin, both in China and Myanmar. A standardized version that is taught in China is based on the dialect of Enkun.
Zaiwa
Zaiwa (also Tsaiva Tsaiwa or written, to say the Jingpo language Atsi, in Chinese Zǎiwǎyǔ载 瓦 语and in Burmese Zi) of about 80,000 people in China and about 30,000 spoken in Myanmar. Zaiwa belonging to lolo- Burmese subgroup of the Tibeto-Burman. After the founding of the People 's Republic of China a written language was created based on the dialect of Longzhun ( in the town of Xishan in Luxi county ), which is written with the Latin alphabet. This written language was officially introduced in 1957.
Maru
Maru ( called in Chinese浪 莪 语Làng'éyǔ, also嬷 鲁 语Mólǔyǔ ) is spoken by about 100,000 people in Myanmar and about 3,500 in China. In some Chinese sources are, however, given to more than 20,000 of the Maru spokesman in China. As the Zaiwa it belongs to the lolo- burmese subgroup of Tibeto-Burman.
Lashi
Lashi ( in Chinese勒 期 语Lèqíyǔ ) is spoken by about 30,000 people in Myanmar and nearly 2,000 in China. As the Zaiwa it belongs to the lolo- burmese subgroup of Tibeto-Burman.
Bela
A special case 2000-3000 Jingpo near the town of Luxi in Dehong Autonomous Prefecture of Dai and Jingpo dar. Good 400 speak of them Bela (also Pela, known in Chinese波拉 语Bōlāyǔ, also布拉 语Bùlāyǔ ), a language that only in 2004 was described and apparently the Zaiwa is very close. From Myanmar no Bela Speakers are known.