Pseudocrenilabrinae

Tanganyika bump head ( Cyphotilapia frontosa )

The Macropodusinae are a subfamily of cichlids ( Cichlidae ), to which all African cichlids and a few of the Middle East with the exception of the Malagasy species. Previous authors have identified other African sub- families ( Paratilapinae Tawil (2001), Tilapiinae Hoedeman (1947 ), Tylochrominae Poll ( 1986), Heterochrominae Kullander (1998), Boulengerochrominae Tawil (2001) ).

They include all cichlids of the great East African lakes such as the Lake Malawi mbuna of the Furu of Victoria and the endemic cichlids of Lake Tanganyika.

Tribe and genera

The Macropodusinae be divided into a number of tribes, including the Ectodini, Lamprologini, Limnochromini, Tropheini and the very widespread in Africa and Haplochromini Tilapiini.

• Tribus Bathybatini ( Tanganyika ) Bathybates, Hemibates, Trematocara

• Benthochromis

• Boulengerochromis

• Benitochromis, Chromidotilapia, Congochromis, Divandu, Enigmatochromis, Limbochromis, Nanochromis, Parananochromis, Pterochromis, Teleogramma, Thysochromis

• Coelotilapia

• Coptodon

• Cyphotilapia

• Cyprichromis, Paracyprichromis

• Aulonocranus, Callochromis, Cardiopharynx, Cunningtonia, Cyathopharynx, Ectodus, Grammatotria, Lestradea, Ophthalmotilapia, Xenotilapia

• Eretmodus, Spathodus, Tanganicodus

• Etia

• Gobiocichla, " Steatocranus " irvinei, " tilapia " busumana, " tilapia " brevimanus, " tilapia " pra

• Abactochromis, Allochromis, Alticorpus, Aristochromis, Astatoreochromis, Astatotilapia, Aulonocara, Buccochromis, Champsochromis, Cheilochromis, Chetia, Chilotilapia, Copadichromis, Corematodus, Ctenochromis, Ctenopharynx, Cyathochromis, Cyclopharynx, Cynotilapia, Cyrtocara, Dimidiochromis, Diplotaxodon, Docimodus, Eclectochromis, Enterochromis, Exochochromis, Fossochromis, Genyochromis, Gephyrochromis, Haplochromis, Harpagochromis, Hemitaeniochromis, Hemitilapia, Iodotropheus, Labeotropheus, Labidochromis, Lethrinops, Lichnochromis, Lithochromis, Maylandia, Mbipia, Mchenga, Melanochromis, Mylochromis, Naevochromis, Neochromis, Nimbochromis, Nyassachromis, Orthochromis, Otopharynx, Pallidochromis, Petrotilapia, Pharyngochromis, Placidochromis, Platytaeniodus, Protomelas, Psammochromis, Pseudocrenilabrus, Pseudotropheus, Ptyochromis, Pundamilia, Pyxichromis, Rhamphochromis, Sargochromis, Schwetzochromis, Sciaenochromis, Serranochromis, Stigmatochromis, Taeniochromis, Taeniolethrinops, Thoracochromis, Tramitichromis, Trematocranus, Tropheops, Tyrannochromis, Xystichromis, Yssichromis,

• Anomalochromis, Hemichromis

• Heterochromis

• Heterotilapia

• Altolamprologus, Chalinochromis, Julidochromis, Lamprologus, Lepidiolamprologus, Neolamprologus, Telmatochromis, Variabilichromis

• Baileychromis, Gnathochromis, Greenwoodochromis, Limnochromis, Reganochromis, Tangachromis, Triglachromis

• Alcolapia, Danakilia, Iranocichla, Konia, Myaka, Oreochromis, Pungu, Sarotherodon, Stomatepia, Tristramella

• Pelmatochromis, Pelvicachromis

• Pelmatolapia

• Haplotaxodon, Perissodus, Plecodus, Xenochromis

• Steatocranus

• Chilochromis, Congolapia, tilapia

• Interochromis, Limnotilapia, Lobochilotes, Petrochromis, Pseudosimochromis, Simochromis, Tropheus

• Tylochromis

Phylogeny

The following cladogram shows the possible relationship and evolution of African cichlids. Area of ​​origin is probably West Africa, from where they have spread to the east and about 12 million years ago, after the formation of Lake Tanganyika, inhabited this lake. From there came some lines in the Congo, the Malagarasi and Lake Victoria and Lake Malawi. In the last two lakes then a rapid adaptive radiation took place again in the created several hundred species.

Heterochromidini ( Heterochromis ) (Congo)

Tylochromini ( Tylochromis ) (Congo)

Chromidotilapiini ( Chromidotilapia, Congochromis, Thysochromis others) (West Africa)

Hemichromini ( Anomalochromis, Hemichromis ) ( West Africa)

Pelmatochromini ( Pelmatochromis, Pelvicachromis ) ( West Africa)

Etiini (Cameroon)

Oreochromini

Gobiocichlini

Coelotilapiini

Heterotilapiini

Coptodonini

Pelmatolapiini

Steatocranini

Tilapiini

Boulengerochromini ( Tanganyika )

Bathybatini ( Tanganyika )

Lamprologini ( Lake Tanganyika Congo )

Eretmodini ( Tanganyika )

Cyphotilapiini ( Tanganyika )

Limnochromini ( Tanganyika )

Benthochromini ( Tanganyika )

Cyprichromini ( Tanganyika )

Perissodini ( Tanganyika )

Tropheini ( Tanganyika )

Haplochromini ( Lake Malawi, Lake Victoria, Malagarasi etc. )

Ectodini ( Tanganyika )

• EAR = East African Radiation