South Downs

The South Downs (from Old English dun, hill ) are a hilly chalk countryside in southern England, in the counties of East Sussex, West Sussex and Hampshire, part of the Southern England Chalk Formation.

The South Downs are parallel to the North Downs, from which it is separated by the Weald. The South Downs are about 100 km long. The highest point is Butser Hill south of Petersfield with 270 m. They are drained by Cuckmere, Adur, Ouse, Lavant and Arun.

They are developed by the South Downs Way, the Monarch 's Way and the Sussex Border Path for walkers.

The coasts are sometimes spectacular, are known as the cliffs of Beachy Head (162 m high) and the Cliffs of the Seven Sisters between Eastbourne and Seaford.

Geology

The South Downs are one in which chalk - ups come from only two areas in the south of England, open on level ground to light. The South Downs are parallel to the North Downs and should once have been together with this part of a large dome- shaped chalk from existing survey. Erosion, however, disappeared the chalk lying between the two ranges of hills today, so that now a Weald has formed called landscape, which is characterized by wooded valleys between higher Kreidehuegeln.

The soils are fertile Rendzinen and a flat ground, terra fusca, is grown on the now partially wine. In the valleys there are deep colluvial sediments whose origin can be traced back to the Bronze and Iron Ages, as evidenced by studies by Martin Bell.

Economy

The South Downs are dominated by sheep farming. Meanwhile, in places, also wine is grown. Increasingly, the leisure industry is significant. There are plans for a South Downs National Park. Parks such as the Queen Elizabeth Country Park, Goodwood Country Park and Petworth Park ( deer park ) and Arundel Park mainly serve local recreational. Partly oil reserves, as these are economically insignificant in Singleton.

Colonization

  • Amberley
  • Arundel Cathedral and Castle
  • Brighton, the seaside resort
  • Chichester with cathedral and harbor
  • Eastbourne
  • Ford
  • Horndean
  • Hove
  • Lewes
  • Midhurst
  • Petersfield
  • Portslade
  • Shoreham- by-Sea

Thanks to a good rail links to London (Southern to London Victoria Station), a number of wealthy commuters in the South Downs, now settled.

History

The settlement of the South Downs reaches far into the Paleolithic back, as evidenced by the excavations at Boxgrove. On a Neolithic flint mines use to refer to Black Patch and Cissbury and Causewayed camps like the one on the trundle. Grave mound of the Bell Beaker period and the Wessex culture are common. Agricultural terraces as in Bullock Down occupy a late Bronze Age use. The most famous settlement is Black Patch, excavated in the 1970s by Peter Drewett from the Institute of Archaeology, London. The numerous ramparts are usually dated to the early Iron Age. Examples include Bow Hill and Trundle near Chichester and Cissbury in Worthing and the Beacon Hill ( South Harting ) at South Harting. According to coin finds, the area was settled by the tribe of the Atrebates. In Roman times Noviomagus was the center of this landscape. The Stane Street is a well-preserved Roman road. Roman villas as Chilton, Bignor and Batten Hanger were excavated in the early 19th century. A temporal association of known since about 1710 Long Man of Wilmington could not be made so far, but it traces of a Roman settlement have been discovered in its vicinity.

National park

Large parts of the South Downs were assigned to the areas outstanding natural beauty in England (Area of ​​Outstanding Natural Beauty ).

From different sides was inspired to set up on the South Downs a national park called South Downs National Park. This movement has experienced in 1999, public support by the government and since April 1, 2011, the National Park is officially opened.

Museums

The Weald and Downland Museum in West Dean documented with numerous translocated buildings, the folklore of the Downs. The Museum in Chichester exhibits impressive prehistoric finds, during the Roman palace of the king Cogidubnus in Fishbourne ( the scene of a novel by Lindsay Davis) with its spectacular mosaics provides a good insight into the early Roman period. The archaeological open air museum of Butser Hill shows reconstructions of Iron Age roundhouses and a Roman villa

River Cuckmere River Adur River Lavant, West Sussex River Arun Seven Sisters (Sussex) Seaford (East Sussex) Colluvium Petworth House Shoreham-by-Sea Southern (train operating company) Cissbury Ring Lynchet Stane Street (Chichester) Weald and Downland Open Air Museum Fishbourne Roman Palace Fishbourne, West Sussex Butser Ancient Farm Arnside and Silverdale Bodmin Moor Cotswolds Forest of Bowland Howardian Hills Kent Downs Lincolnshire Wolds Malvern Hills Nidderdale North Pennines Quantock Hills Anglesey Gower Peninsula Wye Valley
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