St. Moritz

St. Moritz ( high German [ ˌ saŋktmorits ], Grisons German [ ˌ samorits ], Romansh: San Murezzan? / I, Italian San Maurizio, French Saint- Moritz, local nickname of the inhabitants ils draguns, the dragons ') is a municipality in the district of the Upper Engadine, Canton Maloja in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. The place is named after Saint Maurice, which is also depicted in the coat of arms. The community is one of the most famous resorts and winter sports resorts of the Alps. Although only about 5,000 permanent resident St. Moritz has the character of a cosmopolitan alpine town.

6.1 ski resorts
6.2 Bob and Skeleton
6.3 Equestrian
6.4 Exclusive sports
6.5 Swiss Irontrail

Geography

The municipality of St. Moritz consists of the combined districts of St. Moritz-Dorf, St. Moritz-Bad, Suvretta and one half of the two kilometers away Champfèr - the other half of Champfèr one of Silvaplana. St. Moritz -Dorf ( 1,822 m) is situated on the steep northern shore of Lake St. Moritz, St. Moritz -Bad ( 1'774 m) and Champfèr ( 1'825 m) on either plain west of St. Moritz.

To the south west between St. Moritz and Maloja is the Engadine lakes, consisting of the St. Moritz, Champfèr, Silvaplana and Lake Sils. The height difference from the St. Moritz by 15 kilometers away Maloja Pass is only 50 meters. East of St. Moritz are the Stazerwald and Charnadüra gorge through which you can reach the 50 meters below next big plane having only 60 meters slope down to the 20 km distant S -chanf.

The mountain, which is where the 23 plants is extensive winter ski area, ie Corviglia and Piz Nair ( 3,057 m) and is located north of the village. Something unknown, but impressive for its height and shape of the Piz Güglia / Julier is ( 3,380 m).

Population

Demographics

By 1880, St. Moritz was a small village, although the population 1803-1870 from 183 to 400 people has more than doubled. Within three decades followed a population growth of 394 (1880) on 3197 inhabitants (1910; 711 %). As a result of a decline in tourism, the population declined significantly in the 1910s, but then grew to 1930 to a new high of 3968 people. 1941, in the war, only 2418 inhabitants were counted. But between 1950 and 1980 was followed by another strong population boost from 2558 to 5900 persons ( 131 %). Since this peak, the population drops again (1980-2005: -13 %).

Origin and nationality

From the end of 2005 5121 residents were 3382 ( = 66% ) Swiss nationals. The last census showed the international character of the inhabitants, and was as follows: Overall, there were at that time in addition to the 3527 Swiss 2062 foreigners ( = 37 %).

Religions and denominations

St. Moritz did not occur until 1577 on the Reformation, later than most other Engadine communities. Today the community by the strong immigration from Southern Europe (mainly Italy and Portugal) is mixed denominational. At the last census in 2000, there were 3137 Catholics ( 56%), 1736 Protestants (31%), 124 Orthodox (2%), 351 non-religious ( 6%) and small minorities of Muslims and Jews ( 43 respectively 16 people). 165 inhabitants gave no indication to their creed.

Languages

The original language of turkey, an idiom of Romansh, was in 1880 only spoken by 50.2 % of the population. Displaces it was not only the Germans but also from Italian. 1900 Italian had a relative majority ( 31% ), as well as 1910. Yet now dominated German significantly, followed by Italian. The Romanesque went back more and more. In 1941 there were still 20 % in 1970 for the first time below 10% ( 8%). Bloss 13% of the population could communicate in Romansh in 2000 - by far the lowest value of all the Upper Engadine communities. The table shows the development of the past decades.

According to German and Italian Portuguese is the third most common language with 7% population share. The dedication of the St. Moritz publisher Gammeter it is thanks to them that his Engadine post now appears as a bilingual Engadine Post / Posta Ladina after adjusting the Roman newspaper Fögl Ladin.

History

As early as the Bronze Age around 3000 years ago, the healing springs said to have been known. However, it took until 1856, was able to start up with the opening of the first hotel, the Kulm hotel, the rise of the place. Thanks to a bet that John Badrutt ( a St. Moritz hotel pioneer ) made in September 1864 with four Englishmen, also the winter sports established. He suggested the group to spend a winter in St. Moritz. You are likely to stay for free and stay as long as they wanted. If they did not like, he would pay their travel costs ( from London to the Engadine and back). The Englishman took the bet and stayed from Christmas to Easter.

Thanks to innovative local and guest St. Moritz was repeatedly presented as the first community in Switzerland technical innovations, such as the first electric light (Christmas 1878), the first powered flight in Switzerland ( 1910) or the first ski lift (1935 ). St. Moritz left in 1930 to protect the first place a symbol ( " The sun of St. Moritz" ) legally, and since 1986 the lettering with Signet (St. Moritz, TOP OF THE WORLD ) is protected by trademark law. Last Tourist director was Hans Peter Danuser.

Attractions

Symbol of St. Moritz-Dorf is the Leaning Tower, a remnant of the demolished in the 19th century Mauritius church dating from around 1500.

The Segantini Museum houses a large collection of works by the artist Giovanni Segantini. A multi-day hike called Senda Segantini connects stations from the life of the painter.

In the Engadine Museum of cultural history and ethnographic collections are on display. It is housed in a designed by Nicolaus Hartmann Engadine-style building.

Located in the center of St. Moritz Dorf is the Protestant church.

Noteworthy are still:

Old Schoolhouse at the plazza because Scoula
Bylandt Fountain
Ice rink and golf pavilion
Chesa Futura, 2003, Via Tinus 25, Architect: Norman Robert Foster
Pastry Cafe Hanselmann
Mauritius fountain
Mili Weber House
Hotel Carlton
Hotel Kulm
Hotel La Margna
Hotel Palace
Hotel Schweizerhof
Hotel Suvretta House
Former drinking hall in St. Moritz Bad
Hall cultivation at Hotel Reine Victoria

St. Moritz-Bad comprises the actual resort area of the village and is situated on the southern edge of the lake. On Via dal Bagn is the Evangelical Church St. Moritz Bad, at the Plazza Paracelsus the French Church.

Also as a " landmark " denote the St. Moritz weather: The sun shines an average of 322 days a year. Since the air is very dry, says the tourism advertising and the " sparkling champagne climate ".

Traffic

In 1904, received St. Moritz from the north a railway connection to the Albula line of the Rhaetian Railway (RhB). In 1909 the port south through the Bernina Railway, connecting the St. Moritz with Tirano in Italy. Since 1913, the RhB provides a connection engadin down to Scuol. The Postbus operates the following routes over the Julier Pass to Chur and over the Maloja Pass to Chiavenna and on to Lugano. The St. Moritz railway station is on the route of the Bernina Express and is the starting point of the Glacier Express and the Palm Express.

For local traffic in the Engadine, the Rhaetian Railway, bus, Engadin St. Moritz bus and the local bus have come together to Engadin composite. For individual stands next to the well-developed alpine passes even the Engadin Airport Samedan in the 5 km away available.

Sports

St. Moritz is known for its sports facilities. The first golf tournament in the Alps in 1889 aligned here. 1928 II Olympic Winter Games and 1948 V. Olympic Winter Games were held. In 1994, the first Windsurf World Cup followed on an inland lake. The first Engadin Inline Marathon was organized in 1996. In the years 1934, 1974 and 2003, the Alpine Ski World Championships were held in St. Moritz. St. Moritz applied for the World Cup in 2013, but this was awarded to Schladming in May 2008. On 31 May 2012 St. Moritz was awarded the contract for the implementation of the World Alpine Ski Championships in 2017.

Ski Resorts

The Corviglia -Marguns - Piz Nair is directly accessible from the village, the ski region includes Corvatsch / Furtschellas, Bernina Diavolezza, Bernina Lagalb, Muottas Muragl, Zuoz, and smaller plants on the Maloja, Pontresina, Samedan, La Punt ( Chamues -ch ) and S -chanf ( Bügls ).

Bob and Skeleton

The skeleton sport has its roots in St. Moritz. In the winter season 1884/1885 the famous St Moritz Tobogganing Club was founded. The Cresta Run -called railway is operated by the British private club and rebuilt every winter again.

1889, the first Bob was built in St. Moritz, and 1892 was the first bobsled race in St. Moritz instead. The Olympia Bob Run -called natural ice rink is being rebuilt for the winter season each year. 2013 took place the Bobsleigh and Skeleton World Championships here.

Equestrian

On the frozen Lake St. Moritz White Turf races and the St. Moritz Polo World Cup on Snow will take place.

Exclusive sports

His reputation as a fashionable tourist resort between the beginnings of tourism and contemporary trends is St. Moritz also offers a range of exotic sports such as tobogganing, Cricket on Ice and the horse racing and polo on snow needs.

Swiss Irontrail

St. Moritz is transit point of the mountain run Swiss Irontrail.

Hospitality

St. Moritz is a traditional destination for the jet set. There are several luxury hotels like Badrutt 's Palace, Kulm Hotel, Suvretta House, the Carlton Hotel and Kempinski St. Moritz.

Among the prominent property owners in St. Moritz included Sonja Ziemann, Gunter Sachs, Herbert von Karajan, Lakshmi Mittal, Ivan Glasenberg, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Ingvar Kamprad, Helmut Horten, Giovanni Agnelli, Aristotle Onassis and Stavros Niarchos.

Personalities

Johannes Badrutt, hotelier
Peter Robert Berry, a physician and painter
Marc Berthod, skier
Arno Del Curto, Swiss ice hockey coach at HC Davos
Gian- Franco Kasper, President of the International Ski Federation (FIS )
Berni Schödler, was coach of the Swiss national ski jumping

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