Academic art
The Academic art style, also Academic realism or academicism academicism rarely called, was a European art style from the 17th to the 19th century. He put his focus on the strict adherence to the formal technical and aesthetic rules of the art academies.
The Academic Art is an expression of realism in art and refers to paintings and sculptures that have arisen under the influence of European academies, where many artists received their formal training this time. Massivstes foundation of academicism was ( and still is ) the existing since Aristotle artistic ideal of the perfect but also selective imitation of reality ( mimesis ), which was shaken by the mid-19th century for painting by the invention of photography in the foundations, and the commitment to a predominantly literary, mythological and historical canon motivated permitted or desired topics.
Particularly influential was here the French École des Beaux- Arts, which was under the influence of neo-classicism and romanticism. The Academic Art of later time synthesized these two styles, which you can very well recognize the paintings of William Adolphe Bouguereau, Thomas Couture, and Hans Makart.
With the advent of later styles of art, especially impressionism Academic Art was despised and dismissed as " eclectic ". From beginning to end of the 20th century it was the most art experts as not worthy of attention, so hardly been mentioned and disappeared into the vaults of museums; occasionally they were called disparagingly "art pompier ". It was only in the 1990s, she was "rediscovered" by and by, and since then gained back more and more appreciation. While the painting by reflected their own conditions and questioned, went his own way, continued especially the historical film, especially the sandals film, the lust of academicism in the reconstruction of the past.
Important representatives
- France Louis -Ernest Barrias, sculptor
- Paul Baudry, painter
- Léon Bonnat, painter
- William Adolphe Bouguereau, painter
- Jules Breton, Painter
- Alexandre Cabanel, painter
- Albert - Ernest Carrier -Belleuse, sculptor
- Charles Joshua Chaplin, painter
- Thomas Couture, a painter
- Alexandre- Gabriel Decamps, painter
- Paul Delaroche, painter
- Émilie Desjeux, painter and portraitist
- Alexandre Falguiere, sculptor
- Jean -Léon Gérôme, painter and sculptor
- Jean Jacques Henner, painter
- Marius Jean Antonin Mercie, sculptors
- Aimé Morot, painter
- Isidore Pils, painter
- Georges- Antoine Rochegrosse, painter
- Jean Victor Schnetz, painter
- Belgium Hendrik Leys, painter
- Alfred Stevens, painter
- Germany Anselm Feuerbach, painter
- Wilhelm von Kaulbach
- Franz Spranger, painter
- Karl von Piloty, painter
- England Sir Lawrence Alma -Tadema, painter
- Sir Alfred Gilbert, Sculptor
- Frederic Leighton, painter and sculptor
- Albert Joseph Moore, painter
- George Frederic Watts, painter
- Greece Georgios Jakobides, painter
- Netherlands Ary Scheffer, etcher and sculptor
- Austria Hans Canon, painter
- Hans Makart, painter
- Viktor Tilgner, sculptor
- Bohemia Václav Brožík, painter
- Josef Malinský, sculptors and carvers
- Poland Henryk Siemiradzki, painter
- Russia Karl Briullov, painter
- Alexander Ivanov, painter
- Konstantin Makovsky, painter
- Switzerland Charles Gleyre, painter
- Spain Marià Fortuny, painter
- Italy Francesco Hayez, painter