Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls

St. Paul Outside the Walls ( Italian: San Paolo fuori le Mura, Latin: Sancti Pauli extra muros ) is one of four Papal Churches of Rome. It is since the conclusion of the Lateran Pacts an extraterritorial possession of the Holy See, and one of the seven pilgrim churches of Rome. The first St. Paul 's Basilica was built by order of Emperor Constantine over the supposed grave of the Apostle Paul, probably consecrated 324 and 386 already considerably enlarged. Since the time of Pope Gregory the Great ( † 604) is a Benedictine monastery in St. Paul.

  • 3.1 abbots
  • 3.2 Archpriest
  • 3.3 Picture Gallery

History

The name derives from its location outside of the preserved ancient Aurelian Wall. The Apostle Paul was beheaded as a Roman citizen alleged to AD 67 outside the city. This place called the tradition once ad aquas salvias ( " the waters of life " ) called today Tre Fontane ( " three sources "). The body of the apostle was it apparently continued into town buried on the Via Ostiense in a Roman necropolis. This last remaining ancient United Church of Rome was badly damaged by a fire in the night of 15 July 16, 1823. The architect of the reconstruction, Luigi Poletti (1792-1869), also relatively well-preserved parts of the central and the side aisles and the undamaged bell tower demolished. Pope Leo XII. asked in a circular dated January 15, 1825 all bishops for donations of the faithful for the reconstruction of the basilica.

In the Basilica opened Pope Benedict XVI. 28 June 2008 together with the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Bartholomew I, the Opel Pauline Year to commemorate the 2000th year of birth of the Apostle. On this occasion, the fillings of the doors of the left portal has been redesigned with bronze reliefs.

Architecture

The present basilica, which was based on a design by Luigi Poletti, they are within the dimensions of the model of the old church and was built in 1854 by Pope Pius IX. inaugurated. At the beginning of the 20th century a quadrangular portico was built to a design by G. Calderini front of the main facade, in the middle of a statue of the Apostle Paul by G. Obici stands. The facade of the basilica is decorated with a mosaic which comes from the workshop of the Vatican. In the porch is right Porta Sancta.

The interior lacks the fineness of the original features despite its rich marble and alabaster. During the construction, for example, the fluting of the columns was omitted. Nevertheless reflects the forest of columns that divides the basilica in five ships, the original spatial effect and thus can resist the effect of the similarly sized and constructed Basilica Ulpia on the Forum of Trajan guess.

The ciborium, which rises above the Apostle grave, dates from the 13th century by Arnolfo di Cambio 's hand. On the main altar below, beneath which is the 1600 years old sarcophagus of the Apostle Paul, celebrates - as in St. Peter's Basilica - traditionally only the pope's fair. The grave has recently undergone since 2003 after more than 150 years further investigations.

It is the triumphal arch, which is a gift of the Empress Galla Placidia from the 5th century. The arch of the canopy and apse with mosaics from the 13th century are the only pieces of equipment of old. The alabaster windows are a gift of the Viceroy Mohammed Ali from Egypt and the Malachitaltäre in the transept donated Tsar Nicholas I.

About the pillars for a long band of 265 medallions drags with portraits of the popes. The portraits of popes before the 16th century are fantasy representations. Only since the 16th century realistic portraits form the template. According to legend, Christ is coming again, if no space is left for another medallion. There were, however, now created 25 more seats than only three vacancies existed under John Paul II. Even so 26 spaces are available.

Organ

The organ is in parts back to an instrument from the years 1843-1845 and 1857. Their present appearance was the instrument in the 1880s, after Pope Leo XIII. an extension of the instrument had been commissioned. The instrument is divided into two divisions. It has 36 stops on two manuals and pedal. The tracker action are mechanical.

  • Couplers: I / I ( sub and Superoktavkoppel ), II / I (also known as sub-and Superoktavkoppel ), II / II ( Sub and Superoktavkoppel ), I / P (also known as Superoktavkoppel ), II / P (also known as Superoktavkoppel )

Paul grave

On 6 December 2006 gave Vatican archaeologists announced that they had discovered the grave of the apostle Paul. The excavations that have led to this discovery were carried out in the period from 2002 to September 2006. The ancient Roman sarcophagus was found at the base of the main altar of the Basilica exactly under the Epitaph Paulo Apostolo Mart (, apostle and martyr Paul's ).

Abbey

Already under Pope Gregory I the Great were in the vicinity of the old basilica a men's (San Aristo ) and a nunnery (Santo Stefano ). Services were held by a cleric Association appointed by the Pope. Since the two monasteries and the basilica fell into disrepair over the years, renewed Pope Gregory II in 720, the monastery and the monks entrusted with the preservation of the basilica. As 937 Odo of Cluny visited Rome, the patricians Aberico II donated the monastery and the responsibility of the Basilica of the Cluniac monastery compound. The portico of the monastery was built in 1205-1241 by Pietro Vasaletto and with its marble inlay one of the most elaborate of the West. The former abbot of the monastery, Giovanni Franzoni, also took part in the Second Vatican Council. The abbey was from 1425 to March 2005, a Territorial Abbey, but was converted to a normal Abbey during the pontificate of John Paul II. Pope Benedict XVI. clarified in the motu proprio The venerable Basilica of the new status of the abbey. The jurisdiction of the Abbot of St. Paul, therefore, is limited only to the Monastery The Basilica itself is under now, as the other Patriarchal also an archpriest. Until then, this task was transferred to a Pontifical Administrator, last Archbishop Francesco Gioia. Archpriest 's since 2012, Cardinal James Michael Harvey. The liturgical functions of the abbot in the Basilica remained untouched.

Abbots

Archpriest

Gallery

Alabaster Window with filling in the nave of the Basilica

Altar with malachite ( gift of the Russian Tsar Nicholas I )

Cloister ( San Paolo fuori le mura )

Relic chamber

Holy Door of St. Paul Outside the Walls

Inscription of the Holy Door

Medallion of Pope Benedict VIII

Organ

Statue of Paul

Location

The Basilica is located on Via Ostiense, about 2 km south of the Porta San Paolo. It is the line to reach from the Basilica San Paolo Metro Station B.

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