Castiglione d'Orcia

Castiglione d' Orcia is a town with 2452 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) in the province of Siena, Tuscany region of Italy.

Geography

The site extends over 141 km ². It is located about 40 km southeast of Siena and 90 km southeast of Florence in the Val d' Orcia near the Via Cassia and Via Francigena on the rivers Orcia (15 km in urban areas ) and the Torrenti Asso (1 km in urban areas ), duck (1 km in urban areas ), Onzola (9 km in urban areas ), Vellora (13 km in urban areas ) and Vivo (5 km in urban areas ). The place is located in the climatic classification of Italian communities in the zone E, 2262 GR / G.

Among the districts ( Frazioni ) include Bagni San Filippo, Belvedere (850 m, about 20 inhabitants), Campiglia d' Orcia, Gallina (also called Osteria Gallina, 316 m, 150 inhabitants), Monte Amiata (also part of Montalcino, 184 m, about 30 inhabitants), Montieri (937 m, about 15 inhabitants), Pietrineri ( 654 m, about 20 inhabitants), Poggio Rosa ( 525 m, about 60 inhabitants), Rocca d' Orcia and Vivo d' Orcia.

The neighboring municipalities are Abbadia San Salvatore, Castel del Piano ( GR), Montalcino, Pienza, San Quirico d' Orcia and Seggiano ( GR).

History

The place was first mentioned in the Middle Ages as Santo Stefano in Tutona. In 1014 the site appears as a possession of the Aldobrandeschi family under the name of Petra, in 1094 under the name of Castrum Leonis ( Lion's Castle, based on the coat of arms Aldobrandeschi ). The rights at the site were sold to Ranieri, a monk of the monastery of San Salvatore di Monte Amiata from the Aldobrandeschi under Ildebrandino Novello on 28 November 1154. The various divisions of the family context of the place Aldobrandeschi from Santa Fiora fell to as Castellione Vallis Urcie in the 13th century. After the battle of Montaperti the place was in conflict between Siena and Florence, and between Guelphs and Ghibellines, the Sienese, the site accused of harboring insurgents. In April 1300, the city of Siena of Count Guido e Guglielmo di Santa Fiora reached a waiver to the territory, which was bought for 3000 florins. As of 1309, the new masters of Siena built from the city walls and the castle, and gave the place as Pegno first to the families of the Piccolomini and from 1368 to the Salimbeni in Siena, which remained until her conflict with the ruler of the city of Siena ( 1418 ). 1554, a year before the defeat of the Republic of Siena to Florence, the city fell to the Medici and was then incorporated in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. From 1605 the town as a fief was assigned to the Bolognese Count Giulio Riario, which led him to the end of the 17th century. The municipal area was extended in 1867, when the present-day districts of Castiglione d' Orcia, Bagni San Filippo, Campiglia d' Orcia and Vivo d' Orcia, from the territory of Abbadia San Salvatore Castiglione d'Orcia were slammed.

Attractions

  • Briccole ( Briccole di Sotto, Latin Abricula ), already mentioned by Sigerich the serious stage of the Via Francigena with former church of San Pellegrino. Later belonged to the Abbey of San Salvatore and then to the Salimbeni.
  • Chiesa di San Biagio church in the village of Campiglia d' Orcia.
  • Chiesa della Madonna delle Grazie di Manno, church in the village of Rocca d' Orcia.
  • Chiesa di San Filippo Benizi, Church in the village of Bagni San Filippo.
  • Compagnia di San Giovanni Battista church in the town center.
  • Chiesa di San Sebastiano church in the village of Rocca d' Orcia.
  • Chiesa di San Simeone, the main church in the village of Rocca d' Orcia.
  • Chiesa di Santa Maria Maddalena church just outside the village. from the 12th century facade of the 13th century.
  • Chiesa della Madonna, Church within the castle Ripa d' Orcia.
  • (Also called Ermicciolo ) Oratorio di San Benedetto, the district Vivo d'Orcia.
  • Palazzo Cervini ( Camaldolese Hermitage di Contea, also Hermitage of San Benedetto called, part of the Hermitage del Vivo ) in the district of Vivo d' Orcia.
  • Piazza Il Vecchietta, Town Hall Square in the historic center with fountain from 1618.
  • Pieve di San Marcello, Pieve in the district of Vivo d'Orcia.
  • Pieve dei Santi Stefano e Degna, Pieve from the 16th century. Included works by Simone Martini (Madonna col Bambino, came from the Church of Santa Maria Maddalena ), Pietro Lorenzetti (Madonna col Bambino to 1329 originated ) and the Vecchietta (Madonna col Bambino in trono Incoronata dagli Angeli, in 1450 originated ), the can be found today in the Pinacoteca Nazionale di Siena. Today there is the work of Madonna col Bambino ei seduto in trono Santi Sebastiano, Rocco, Stefano e Macario papa of Giovanni di Bartolomeo Alberti from the year 1531. Moreover, in 1892 two frescoes from the 16th century discovered (Madonna in trono e Santi and Madonna in trono col Bambino e Santi ) and a bezel in the style of Girolamo del Pacchia ( Pietà ).
  • Ripa d' Orcia castle, which was first mentioned as a Ripa al Cotone in a document of the Republic of Siena on 18 July 1213. Succeeded in the 14th century to the Salimbeni. Was adopted on 31 March 1422 the Hospital of Santa Maria della Scala in Siena and is now privately owned.
  • Sala d' Arte San Giovanni, art hall in the former church of San Giovanni. Includes works by Simone Martini, Giovanni di Paolo and Vecchiettas.
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