List of sailing boat types

A boat class within the meaning of the umbrella organization of sailing, the International Sailing Federation (ISAF ) includes boats that are suitable due to their design to compete according to the developed and published Racing Rules of Sailing of the ISAF in a sporting event ( Regatta ) compete against each other to be able to.

The ISAF distinction is generally boat classes with uniform, with limiting and developable building codes, these boundaries are not rigid, but fluid to understand.

• 5.9.1 Modern balancing classes
• 5.9.2 Historical balancing classes

Class Rules

Put down the building codes are in class rules, which ( for example, the measurement certificate ) contain the specifications on the boat and its use as well as information about the associated Boat certificates, but also about the crew, their personal equipment and its use.

Class rules and their application differ according to whether they are drawn open or closed. In open class rules, everything is generally allowed that is not forbidden within the rules, they are closed, then in return, everything is forbidden that is not allowed.

Classes with the same rules ( unit classes) give yourself more closed rules, those with limiting or developable rules (design classes) will be more likely to align open rules. The extent to which this case limits a class is reflected in the detail with which the class rules are drawn up.

For example, the Flying Dutchman and the Int. -FJ are ( Flying Junior ) boats with open class rules. However, these rules are very restrictive over long distances. So was about to Int. -FJ ( Flying Junior ) until 2004 that the millimeter tolerances that were granted during the construction of the hull, were only meant to compensate for construction-related inaccuracies in the processing of wood. With the introduction of newer, more accurate processing techniques, for example, in plastic construction, these tolerances could be used for the optimization of the hull. But this was forbidden. Only a change in the class rules associated arising uncertainty on this issue. On the other hand is not required largely in two boat classes, for example, the type and location of the fittings.

In contrast, include closed class rules such as lasers and 49er most complete blueprints. These boats may be built as a rule only under license from the designer.

ISAF regulations

Boat classes, who submit to the regulations of the ISAF must meet conditions to be recognized by this. All you need is an active class respectively owners association which must have articles of association, which must be approved by both the Equipment Committee and the Constitution Committee of ISAF. In addition, they require the previously described class rules that must also satisfy ISAF criteria, and it is every year necessary to demonstrate that active regattas are sailed.

It must also attend a sufficient number of boats in different countries and continents in regattas. To be guided as a recognized class, must be made active national Klassen-/Eignervereinigungen with a sufficient number of active members of two continents in at least four countries or in three countries.

If at least six national Klassen-/Eignervereinigungen meet at least three continents all the necessary criteria, the status of an international class can be applied for and approved. International Classes have the right to stage the world championships under ISAF regulations.

Olympic status

A special position is occupied the Olympic boat classes. Sailing is since the second modern Olympics in 1900 Olympic sport, although the holding of Olympic sailing competitions, the organizers before considerable organizational and financial services as these competitions can not be held in close proximity to other sporting competitions in the rule.

Will be represented Whether and how many medal competitions of the sport of sailing in the following Olympics, while the International Olympic Committee will decide in each case in a meeting right after the previous Olympics. As a follow up to the boat classes are appointed by the ISAF, with which Olympic competitions will be held. The status of an Olympic boat class is often highly competitive and there are regular surprising results in the nomination. The decision of the ISAF it makes no difference whether the nominated boat class has an international status. Sometimes the Olympic disciplines are awarded in elimination competitions and it can apply to new construction when only a concept for the distribution of the class of boat can be demonstrated sufficiently plausible.

The Flying Dutchman for example, was winner of such excretion before he became an Olympic 1960. And lost the Olympic status in the same way after the Olympic Games in 1992 against the 49er class.

For the Olympic Games in 2016 laid the ISAF on May 3, 2012, the Mackay FX ​​fixed as a ladies' Skiff. The skiff dinghy has the hull of the Olympic men's 49ers, but has a different rig. The ship sat in the first ballot with 50 percent of the vote directly. Fail are the 29er XX and the RS900. Possibly still the name of the boat is going to change.

DSV regulations

In order to meet regional characteristics, national sailor associations may accept as members of the ISAF boat classes as a national classes. In Germany, this task is performed by the German Sailing Association. The German Seglertag or Seglerrat this recognition speaks to the proposal from the responsible committees. A National class usually has also a National Association ( Association).

The DSV determines in a championship order, the criteria that must be met by boat classes to unsubscribe national championships can. Currently, the criteria of the DSV to the championship ability of a class of boat, based on national conditions, more stringent than the criteria of ISAF to obtain the status of an International Boat Class. So it may happen that boat classes probably can unsubscribe World Championships under ISAF rules, but not German championships under DSV regulations. An example of this is the Topcat.

Lists of boat classes

The following lists summarize boat classes together according to their status. Some of the lists may change from time to time, as boats can lose or gain a status addition, new boat classes are repeatedly developed, which is valid class ID it. The individual lists only provide therefore constitute a clue, binding information can be found on the websites of each of the regulatory organizations.

Olympic boat classes in 2016

International boat classes

Detailed lists of the international classes on the ISAF website

National boat classes ( DSV)

Other approved by the DSV boat classes

• There are further recognized by the German Sailing Association boat classes, the achieved none of the above status (or lost again). They are classified as follows:

Local classes

• Local classes are often recognized by a foreign National Authority as a class, or have a limited to a region of active class life.

Shipyard classes

• As a shipyard class refers to a device class whose building codes are controlled by a shipyard that is simultaneously in possession of all rights in this class. Shipyard classes now constitute the lion's share of new buildings and have often no longer the target to form a unitary class, because they are pure trips or charter yachts. The DSV is a shipyard class rise in the status of the National Class, as happened in the case of VARIANTA.

Construction classes

In the design classes, the designer of a boat contributes just as much to the victory in a regatta at how the crew. For example, the America's Cup is contested by teams that even construct your own ship, build it and then also sail itself. In contrast to the compensation yachts decide at design classes only the order of the finish area.

Design classes without compensation formula

• Design classes without compensation formula (also known as Grenzmaßklasse ) allow the designer within certain guidelines depending on the nature of the regulations freedoms. Relevant factors (for example, length, width, weight, sail area, draft ... ) can be varied within predetermined limits.

Design classes with compensation formula

• A special position among the design classes will take a boat classes whose relevant factors are offset against each other: a longer boat must, for example, with less sail area to make do. Similar to balancing classes a racing valuation; different boats with the same value racing sail then 1:1 without balance against each other. See also meter class and meter formula.

Schärenkreuzer

• Another special position is occupied the Schärenkreuzer. These yachts only the maximum sail area was originally prescribed, everything else was optional. ( The formula was therefore only a single term: Racing Value = sail area ). This approach comes from Scandinavia (see Skerry ) and presented to the in Central European countries preferred Metre classes represents an alternative

Balancing classes

Within balancing classes sailing in their design different boats against each other. Faster boats vacate slower classified opponents a time remuneration. Disadvantage of compensatory classes: Who will finish first is far from won. This situation is rather unsatisfactory both for the participants and for the spectators.

Modern balancing classes

• The best-known and most popular among the equalization formula is the yardstick rating. It is very simple, based on experience and is therefore often used by regattierenden cruisers.
• IMS ( International Measurement System) is a complex scientific measurement system and the current equalization formula today in offshore sailing.
• ORC Club is a simplified IMS and is intended primarily for club regattas.

Historical balancing classes

• CR Yachts ( International Cruiser -Racer - formula ) from 1950/51
• KR yachts, up to the 1970s in Germany the widespread equalization formula ( for example 7KR cruiser ) was replaced by the
• IOR (International Offshore Rules) formula. On the basis of IOR Formally employed now incomparably more complex IMS formula was developed.

Traditional classes ( ages)

Boat classes older design the i.d.R. have more no more, or as a traditional class, are recognized by the DSV, and no nationwide class active life. In general, it is design classes.

( Incomplete list )

( Incomplete list )

Swell

• ISAF Regulations
• ISAF Racing Rules of Sailing
• ISAF Equipment Rules of Sailing
• Cup of Procedure of the DSV