Oppenau
Oppenau is a city in the Rench valley, located in the middle of the Black Forest. It lies at the confluence of Lierbach and Rench in 260-1000 meters above sea level. The nearest towns are out of the valley Lautenbach and Oberkirch, taleinwarts Bad Peterstal. About the Oppenauer platforms to reach Freudenstadt. The wooded district - 58.5 square kilometers, or 80 percent of the district area is forested - is limited by the larger Black Forest mountains, especially the Moos ( 878 meters), the Brown Mountain (877 meters), the grinding head ( 1,050 meters ) and the Kniebis (960 meters ).
- 2.1 Amalgamations 2.1.1 Ibach
- 2.1.2 Lierbach
- 2.1.3 Maisach
- 2.1.4 Ramsbach
- 3.1 municipal
- 3.2 Coat of Arms
- 4.1 traffic
- 4.2 Educational facilities
- 4.3 Leisure and sports facilities
- 5.1 theater
- 5.2 Museums
- 5.3 Structures
- 5.4 Regular events
- 6.1 freeman
- 6.2 Sons and daughters of the town
- 6.3 Other
Geography
Boroughs
To town Oppenau with up to the 1970s independent municipalities Ibach, Lierbach, Maisach and Ramsbach are still 101 villages, hamlets, tine, farms and houses.
See also: List of places in Ortenaukreis
In Lierbach district is the Outbound Town Red Rock, in Maisach district is the Outbound village woman mountain. Risen in Oppenau are the houses list Matt, the proofs of former renamed Deiffelsmühle village located in the district of Oppenau. In Ramsbach risen is the village of Mayrhofen Reinhart, Outbound Ramsbach in the district villages are Altneustein and Letschenmühle.
History
In the 12th century arose from an agricultural settlement of the village Noppenouwe ( " Aue of Noppo "), which was under the Zähringers to 1218. After they died, the rule was highly fragmented in the rear Renchtal, key political, cultural and religious influence on Oppenau had from that time the monastery was founded in 1192 Lierbachtal Saints. 1316 came the Renchtal in the hands of the bishops of Strasbourg. On this day still remembers the coming of the year 1782 coat of arms of the Prince Bishop Louis René Édouard de Rohan Guéméné on originally in the 16th century built the upper gate.
To 1319 founded the Strasbourg bishops at the output of Lierbachtals around the castle Friedberg the fortified town of the same name, and furnished him with city rights. Reason was to defend the possessions against Württemberg and Baden efforts to expand its influence in the Rench Valley. Both places were conveniently located on the trade route from Strasbourg to Ulm and benefited from the fact that had to be taken here on the way through the Kniebis bias and often the night.
Friedberg and Noppenouwe grew up together, which is derived from Noppenouwe name Oppenau naturalized since the 15th century for both settlements a. The complete structural association of the two places was however only in 1770 by the so-called Beilerstadt.
Between 1592 and 1664 the city was pledged to the Dukes of Württemberg. In this time the great fire of 1615 falls. Planned by Heinrich Schickhardt reconstruction after Swabian way impressed by the gable end facing the road today, the cityscape in the upper district.
1668 a Capuchin monastery was built in Oppenau, which was dissolved in 1804. Subsequently, today's town center was built with the Allmendplatz as a central place at this point by the establishment of the town hall and the parish church of St. John.
1803 Oppenau fell within the realm deputation main conclusion of the Grand Duchy of Baden. After the Second World War Oppenau was part of the Federal State of Baden and belongs since 1952 to Baden- Württemberg.
Incorporations
Through the municipal reform the formerly independent parish communities Ibach, Lierbach, Maisach and Ramsbach came on 1 July 1974 Oppenau.
Ibach
The district Ibach and belonging to Ibach Teilort Löcherberg are in Renchtal between Oppenau and Bad Peterstal on the B 28 in the holes mountain pass road over the mountain holes Wasen Oberharmersbach and Nordrach branches. On the 1,798 -acre municipal area live 768 inhabitants (as of March 31, 2004). The coat of arms of Ibach shows a green tree with peering to the right black bird on silver.
Lierbach
Lierbach, with 271 inhabitants (as at 31 March 2004) is the smallest district, is retiring at the homonymous valley along and is strongly influenced by ethnic courtyards. The district area of 2,151 acres - nearly a third of the total municipal area - consists of 90 percent forest. The coat of arms of Lierbach shows a river symbolizing blue wavy oblique beams on silver.
Maisach
The Maisachtal branches just behind Oppenau on the Lierbachtal. To Maisach belongs known in the 18th and 19th centuries, from the high nobility visited spa bath Antogast. With 298 inhabitants (as of March 31, 2004) on an existing two-fifths of the forest district area Maisach is also strongly influenced by single farms. The speaking coat of arms shows a forward -looking titmouse perched on a tree branch.
Ramsbach
Ramsbach lies the valley of Oppenau Renchtal and is crossed by the B 28. The district has grown significantly in recent years due to the presentation of several new residential areas and counted March 31, 2004 1,039 inhabitants. The district area is 1,576 hectares. The coat of arms shows a vertical saw on a horizontal reciprocating saws and refers to the fact that Ramsbach is home to many sawmills until today. In Ramsbach are an industrial area and sports facilities.
Population Development
The inhabitants of Oppenau developed over the centuries as follows:
Religions
The population of Oppenau is predominantly Catholic. In addition, a Protestant congregation exists.
Policy
Oppenau is the seat of the administrative community upper Rench valley, which also includes the neighboring Bad Peterstal heard.
Parish council
The local elections of 7 June 2009 resulted in a turnout of 58.2 % ( - 1.1 ) the following result:
- UWO: 7
- CDU: 11
Coat of arms
The blazon of the arms is: ". Argent, a space enclosed by a curtain wall red castle with two pointy roofed towers and a low central tower " The coat of arms has been used for construction of the castle Friedberg 1319.
Economy and infrastructure
Oppenau is dominated by agriculture because of its location, especially forestry and spirits production are of great importance. There are also companies of the automobile industry and the chemical industry and mechanical engineering. Tourism is also an important economic factor.
Traffic
Oppenau is located on the main road 28 ( Kehl- Ulm) as well as at the Rench Valley Railway ( Offenburg- Bad Griesbach ), on which the Ortenau S-Bahn ( OSB) wrong. Train stations or bus stops within the city limits are ( valley counted ) Löcherberg, Ibach, Oppenau, Ramsbach Birkhof and Ramsbach Hoefle. Rail traffic is complemented by a bus. Buses are the only public connection to the Lierbachtal and towards Kniebis / Black Forest Road. The nearest international airports are Strasbourg, Stuttgart, Karlsruhe / Baden -Baden and Basel.
Oppenau is located on the Franco-German Heinrich Schickhardt Street, a tourist road that connects cities where the Wuerttemberg builder has left visible traces.
Educational institutions
In the main town, there is a primary and secondary school with Werkrealschule. In Löcherberg and Ramsbach it gbit more primary schools. In addition, there are three kindergartens in Roman Catholic-run.
Leisure and sports facilities
- Leisure
- Günter Bimmerle Hall
- Small plane
- Sports facility Haldenhof
- Cross-country mountain bike trail
- 4 launch sites for hang gliders and paragliders in sky directions East, North, West and South.
- StoppOmat / permanent clock with start in Oppenau on the Kniebis - Come up
Culture and sights
Theater
Annually held open-air performances in the nave of the monastery of All Saints. Mainly pieces with general historical ( medieval ) or local background are also performed here.
Museums
Rench valleys history museum in the town hall
Structures
Particularly worth seeing are
- The upper gate (also Lierbacher gate)
- The ruins of the former All Saints Prämonstratenserstifts with the nearby All Saints waterfalls,
- Established in accordance with plans Friedrich Weinbrenner Catholic parish church of St. John Baptist at Allmendplatz,
- The ruin Bärenburg in the district Ramsbach.
Regular events
Yearly events include, among other things:
- Allemannische Fasent organized by the Narrenzunft " Oppenauer Schlappgret "
- Baden-Württemberg Airgames ( paragliding championship )
- The week of classical music with four annual international panel classical concerts, always in the last week in September.
- Concerts of the City and parish chapel as local music clubs, especially accordion and vocals.
- City Festival around the Oppenauer " Allmendfeld "
Personalities
Freeman
Sons and daughters of the town
- In Oppenau Constance Hanß was born in 1759, a notorious robber in Württemberg
- Ludwig Huber ( born December 10, 1889 in Ibach, † January 18, 1946 ibid ), farmer and politician ( NSDAP), member of the Reichstag
- Ernst Haas ( * November 4, 1901 in Oppenau, † April 25, 1979 in Villingen -Schwenningen ), lawyer and politician (SPD ), Member of Parliament
- Günter Spinner ( b. 1972 ), lawyer and judge at the Federal Labour Court
Other
- In Oppenau lived and died Katsch Adolf (1813-1906), author of fraternity songs.
- On October 12, 1990 attack was carried out on the CDU politician Wolfgang Schäuble at a campaign event in Oppenau, while this was seriously injured.