Skarvan and Roltdalen National Park
The Skarvan above Roltdalen National Park (Norwegian: Skarvan above Roltdalen nasjonalpark ) is a Norwegian national park west of the Sylan. He belongs to the municipalities Selbu and Tydal in the province of Sør-Trøndelag and Meråker and Stjørdal in the province of Nord-Trøndelag. The National Park was established in 2004 to preserve the large and pristine mountains and forests in the region with their biological diversity of ecosystems, species and populations and the cultural heritage and protect.
The park has an area of 441.4 km ² and is bordered on the west by the Stråsjøen - Prestøyan nature reserve.
Geography, landscape and geology
The Skarvan and Roltdalen lies between the Neadalføret and the Stjørdalsføret. The topography of the park ranges from bogs and coniferous forests in the south-west running Roltdalen - valley to the 1,171 m high Skarvan in the north. The highest mountain in the National Park, with 1,441 m of Fongen, located in the southeast part of the high mountain -like mountain chain.
The dominant rock material are different mica schist, occasionally there is also staurolite, garnet and kyanite. The Kvernfjellet, a 1 km wide rocky rib that runs from the north along the Brennrya Kvernfjellvatna Lake on the Høgfjelletgebirge to Rotla River at Svartåsen in the south. It was used for the extraction of millstones and represents the largest millstone of Norway
The entire area has no significant human factors, and is the largest trackless wooded valley in Sør -Trøndelag.
Flora and Fauna
The Skarvan above Roltdalen National Park has a variety of natural habitats. In addition to coniferous forest, which, with its primeval character and over 200 year old trees is considered to be the largest botanical value of the park, marshes and swamps, there are wide open spaces, to alpine barren mountains. In this diverse landscape come in the forest, among other things moose, Crested Tit, Coal Tit, Treecreeper, three-toed woodpecker, jays, grouse, as well as rare species such as Goshawk and dwarf woodpeckers.
In the wetlands, among other plovers, waders, Ruff, Black-throated Diver, Scaup and Red-necked Phalarope may be encountered. Furthermore, alongside representatives of the aforementioned black grouse and capercaillie also arctic hares and grouse in a healthy population. For those based in the national park raptors include the golden eagle, goshawk and gyrfalcon.
20 Of those occurring in the park bird species are on the Red List.
History and Culture
In the National Park there are traces of human habitation that are older than 2000 years in part. To exist in Stormoen and Sondre Liavollen remains of iron smelting plants were in which bog iron stones processed. Because the mountains had more or less profitable copper deposits, was, with the exception of a few interruptions from 1713 to 1761 operated the Selbu Copperworks and another copper mine at Litle Klepptjønna ( Meråker ), from which emerged a settlement in the 18th and 19th centuries, . The millstone mines in Kvernfjellet were used from the Middle Ages to the First World War and can be seen as a deep furrows in the rock.
Furthermore, pitfalls, Teermeiler, traces of former settlements (including Sami ) and associated transport routes found. In total there are 99 pastures and grazing areas, which can be seen partly dating back to the 17th century in the National Park. In the 1940s there 200-600 cattle, 400 goats and 500 sheep were kept at the. The traditional mountain farming was abandoned about 1960, yet many pastures are still used as pastures for sheep and young cattle.
The forestry was in the past centuries of great importance. From the 17th century up to the 1950s, the stricken trees were floated on the Rotla.
For the Tydals seeds, the territory of the National Park for centuries an important pasture for their reindeer dar. From the second half of April to late autumn are held there for about 7600 reindeer. In winter the animals are driven into Femundsmarka.
Tourism and Management
The Norwegian Trekking Association has since the 1900s numerous paths in the park, which are connected to the network of hiking trails of Sylan. Support of hosted Schultzhytta mountain hut in the middle of the national park is also the Norwegian Trekking Association. Outside the park there are the huts Prestøyhytta, Græslihytta and Ramsjøhytta.
In addition to the cross-country skiing in the winter are in the park and hiking, horseback riding, hunting and fishing (especially trout and char ) popular sports.