1859 in literature

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  • 2.1 First half of
  • 2.2 Second half of
  • 2.3 Exact date of birth unknown

Events

Prose

  • March: Fyodor Dostoevsky written in Siberian exile the novel Uncle's Dream, which is published in the journal Russian word. During the year, the short novel The Stepanchikovo and its inhabitants will be published.
  • April 30 to November 26: Charles Dickens published in several parts of his novel A Tale of Two Cities ( A Tale of Two Cities ) in which he founded the magazine All the Year Round. The book is then printed with over 200 million copies sold, the most printed original English book of all time.
  • Summer: Jules Verne takes the composer Aristide Hignard a trip to Scotland. The impressions from which he processed in the novel Voyage à reculons en Angleterre et en Écosse ( journey with obstacles to England and Scotland), which were not published during his lifetime.
  • Mary Anne Evans, published under the pseudonym George Eliot her first novel Adam Bede.
  • Wilhelm Raabe published the novels The Children of Finkenrode, The squire of Denow, and the novella Who can apply it? .
  • Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov published his second novel Oblomov, his most famous work, as feuilleton novel in the magazine Otetschestwennye Sapiski.
  • Fritz Reuter published the autobiographical novel Olle chestnuts, first part - Ut de Franzosentid in which he handled his childhood during the French period.

Poetry

  • Summer: Joseph Victor von Scheffel wrote the song francs.
  • In The Children of Finkenrode Wilhelm Raabe cited all my ducklings as a nursery rhyme, the first clear evidence of this song.

Drama

  • The French playwright Henri Meilhac wrote the piece Le petit - fils de Mascarille.

Periodicals

  • March 29: In Dublin, the national daily newspaper The Irish Times was founded as a mouthpiece of the Irish Unionists.
  • MAY 28: The last issue of the magazine Household Words appear after it has come between the publisher Charles Dickens and his publishers a dispute.
  • Leopold sun man adds the Frankfurt trade newspaper added a political part and renames the sheet into New Frankfurter Zeitung. This appears 19 times a week.
  • The Berlin Journal, a German -language weekly newspaper, published in Berlin, Ontario, for the first time. The sheet also contains columns in Pennsylvaniadeutsch.
  • The psychiatric monthly magazine The madman friend - a popular magazine on astray and err - stations, as well as for the care of mental health first appears in the publishing Heuser in Neuwied.
  • The Frankfurt Zoo director David Friedrich Weinland founded the magazine The zoological garden to attract the serious interest in the scientific observation of wild animals and thus to promote the attitude of foreign and exotic animal species. It is the oldest existing journal that deals exclusively with the keeping of animals in zoos and zoos. Originally Frankfurt Zoo brings the magazine out alone, but as early as the fifth volume accumulate reports of other zoos so that the newspaper in the central organ of the zoological gardens in Germany - will be renamed Journal of the observation, care and breeding of the animals.
  • Alexander Macmillan published the first edition of the subsequently -monthly Macmillan 's Magazine.

Scientific literature

  • January: In the publishing of Franz Duncker in Berlin, in London, written by Karl Marx work appears to the Critique of Political Economy, a preliminary work for his major work, Das Kapital. The focus of the text, the value of the goods are in his dual representation form of use value and exchange value, the concrete and abstract labor, working as a quantitative measure of the work, the money, the circulation, accumulation, production and trade crises.
  • November 24: Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species, the basic work in the field of evolutionary theory.
  • George Engelmann's extensively illustrated work Cactaceae of the boundary will be published, which gives an overview of all previously known North American species of cactus.
  • The Scottish physicist and engineer William Rankine John Macquorn published Manual of the Steam Engine and Other Prime Movers.
  • Based on his travels through Ethiopia Frenchman Antoine Thomson d' Abbadie published the works of the Catalogue raisonné manuscrits éthiopiens and Géodésique Résumé des positions déterminées s Éthiopie.

Others

  • Wilhelm Busch published in the Flying leaves his first picture story: The little honey thieves.
  • On the 100th birthday of Friedrich Schiller, the German Schiller Foundation is established.

Born

First half year

  • January 6: Samuel Alexander, British philosopher († 1938)
  • JANUARY 13: Karl Bleibtreu, German writer († 1928)
  • February 6: Jakob Julius David, Austrian journalist and writer († 1906)
  • February 8: Gabriele Reuter, German writer († 1941)
  • March 2: Sholem Aleichem, Yiddish writer († 1916)
  • March 9: Peter Altenberg, Austrian writer († 1919)
  • MARCH 24: Rudolf Jung, German historian and archivist († 1922)
  • April 8: Edmund Husserl, Czech philosopher and founder of phenomenology († 1938)
  • April 9: Julius Hart, German poet and literary critic of naturalism († 1930)
  • April 9: Henri Lavedan, French writer and journalist († 1940)
  • May 2: Jerome K. Jerome, English writer († 1927)
  • MAY 16: Frieda Schanz, German children's author, editor and teacher († 1944)
  • MAY 22: Arthur Conan Doyle, British physician and writer († 1930)
  • MAY 23: Otto Pniower, German literary scholar († 1932)
  • June 2: Christian Rock of honor, Austrian philosopher († 1932)
  • June 19: Henry Sohnrey, German folk writer and journalist († 1948)
  • June 23: Tsubouchi Shoyo, Japanese playwright, short story writer and translator († 1935)

Second half- year

  • July 2: Otto Bockel, German librarian, folk song researchers and anti-Semitic politician ( † 1923)
  • July 6th: Verner von Heidenstam, Swedish poet († 1940)
  • July 17: Jakob Christoph Heer, Swiss writer († 1925)
  • JULY 19: Carl Ludwig Schleich, German physician and writer († 1922)
  • JULY 22: Maria Janitschek, Austrian writer († 1927)
  • JULY 28: Franz Eugen Schlachter, Swiss revivalist preacher and translator of the Schlachter Bible († 1911)
  • August 4: Knut Hamsun, Norwegian writer († 1952)
  • September 28: Fritz Milkau, German librarian and library scientists († 1934)
  • October 14: Alfred Bock, German producer and writer († 1932)
  • OCTOBER 18: Henri Bergson, French philosopher and Nobel laureate († 1941)
  • October 20: John Dewey, U.S. American philosopher and educator († 1952)
  • November 22: Helene Böhlau, German writer († 1940)
  • November 22: Paul Desjardins, French philosopher and philologist († 1940)
  • December 21: Gustave Kahn, French writer († 1936)
  • December 24: Samuel Fischer, German publisher († 1934)

Exact date of birth unknown

  • Sara Louisa Blomfield, Anglo-Irish and Bahai author († 1939)

Died

  • January 20: Bettina von Arnim, German social-critical writer (* 1785 )
  • 4 October: Karl Baedeker, German publisher (* 1801)
  • OCTOBER 13: Rudolf Oeser, German priest and people (b. 1807)
  • OCTOBER 27: Ernst Friedrich Apelt, German writer (* 1812)
1854 in literature 1855 in literature 1856 in literature 1857 in literature 1858 in literature 1860 in literature 1861 in literature 1862 in literature 1863 in literature 1864 in literature 1869 in literature On the Origin of Species Uncle's Dream The Village of Stepanchikovo Backwards to Britain Ivan Goncharov Otechestvennye Zapiski Unionism in Ireland Alexander Macmillan, 2nd Earl of Stockton Die Gartenlaube Value (economics) Abstract labour and concrete labour Working time Instrumental action Capital accumulation William John Macquorn Rankine Christian von Ehrenfels Samuel von Fischer April 16 Alexis de Tocqueville 1805 September 19 October 4
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