Baume-les-Dames

Baume- les -Dames is a commune in the French department Doubs in the Franche -Comté. It is the capital of the canton of Baume- les -Dames in the arrondissement of Besançon.

Geography

Baume- les -Dames is located at 280 m, about 28 km east-northeast of the city of Besançon ( straight line ). The town stretches along the northern edge of a valley widening of the Doubs, in the extreme north- western ridges of the Jura, between the heights of Framont the north and the Jura - edge chain (Roche de Chatard and Bois de Babre ) in the south.

The area of ​​24.79 km ² municipal area comprises a portion of Doubstals. The central part of the area occupied by the valley widening of the tree, which is affected by the Doubs only at margins in the south. It represents the former flood plain, because in geological time of the Doubs recorded here a curve to the north to a round mountain, before the flow loop was cut off.

The Doubs crosses the area with several turns over a distance of about 10 km from east to west and shows with the exception of valley widening of a tree usually around 500 to 700 meters wide, flat flood plain. It also forms the waterway of the Rhine -Rhone Canal. The valley is deeply incised between two mountain ranges of the system of law - edge chain, which form anticlines in geological- tectonic terms. Due to the erosive power of the river parts of these anticlines were worn, so steep, crowned by rocky walls slopes emerged.

North of the Doubstals ranges of communal land over a partly wooded, partly planted with meadow land slopes down to the broad crest of Framont (519 m ) and the height of Bois la Ville, achieved on the 548 meters, the highest elevation of Baume- les -Dames will. With a narrow tip, the municipality's area extends to the west and includes the vast forest area of the Bois du Grand Val ( to 440 m). On its southern side the Doubs Valley is accompanied by the Jura - edge chain. It consists of the ridges Roche de Chatard and Bois de Babre (512 m). In between is the transverse valley of Cusancin also heard the lowermost section of the municipal territory.

At Baume- les -Dames also includes several settlements and hamlets, namely:

• Cour (275 m) in the Doubs Valley at the northern foot of the Roche de Chatard
• Les Tanneries (270 m) in the southwest valley widening of Baume- les -Dames
• Champvans (320 m) on a terrace west of the valley widening of Baume
• Super Baume (370 m) on a ridge north of the Doubs
• La Grange Ravey (275 m) on the north bank of the Doubs
• L' Aigle ( 420 m) on a terrace on the northern side of the valley of the Doubs

Neighboring communities of Baume- les -Dames are Fontenotte, Luxiol and Autechaux in the north, Voillans, Hyèvre -Paroisse, Hyèvre- Magny and Villers -Saint -Martin in the east, Pont- les- Moulins, Silley - Bléfond, Esnans, Fourbanne and Gros Bois in south and Séchin, Breconchaux, Val -de- Roulans and La Bretenière in the West.

History

At the point of Baume- les -Dames already existed in Roman times, a place of settlement, bearing the name Balma. The Abbey of Baume was probably founded by Germanus, Bishop of Besancon, in the year 400. They became the spiritual center of the region and took mainly girls from noble families on. Therefore the name of Baume- les- Nonnes, which was later amended in Baume -les -Dames was born.

Under Frederick Barbarossa Baume- les -Dames was surrounded with a wall ring from 1153 and received its town charter granted. At the beginning of the 13th century the Lords of Neufchatel ( from Neuchâtel- Urtière ) took over the city government. Baume- les -Dames developed in the sequel to the center of a Kastlanei and a trading town on the transport route from the Rhone to the Rhine. In 1448 the first paper mill was established on the river Doubs. When in 1480 King Louis XI. marched in the Franche -Comté, the castle was destroyed by Baume. By a major fire (1501 ) and plague epidemics, the population had to suffer in the first half of the 16th century. Baume- les- Dames, was now a podestà. Together with the Franche -Comté reached the village with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678 definitively to France. The abbey was repealed as part of the French Revolution.

During the 19th century Baume- les -Dames received an economic boost by the establishment of industries. The railway line from Besançon to Montbéliard Doubs Valley by was opened in 1858. End of the 19th century, a weaving mill, a textile mill and the Ropp pipe factory were located in Baume -les -Dames. Until 1926, Baume- les -Dames was the capital of the eponymous arrondissement, then rose in the arrondissement of Besançon. Over time, two previously independent municipalities were amalgamated with Baume- les -Dames: 1896 Cour on the banks of the Doubs and 1973 Champvans -les -Baume.

Attractions

The church Saint -Martin was originally developed from a building dating from the 9th century. It was built from 1617 to 1621 in the Gothic style and opened and subjected to ( partially new ) in the 19th century, an extensive restoration. For the rich interior include a reliquary from the 16th century, the statue Vierge de Pitié ( 1549), the pulpit ( 17th century ) and the lectern and the altar from the 18th century.

The abbey church was built in 1738-1760 on the basis of Romanesque style forms, but remained unfinished due to lack of funds. The cemetery is the chapel of Saint Sepulchre, built in 1540 in the Gothic style and involves several statues from the period of its construction time.

The core of Baume- les -Dames has preserved its medieval character with many fine houses. Among the important secular buildings include the house of the Sires de Neuchâtel ( 15th century ), the Maison à Tourelle (16th century), the Maison Courvoisier (18th century), the old Court (18th century), the 1825 newly built Hôtel de Ville (City Hall), the Maison des Frères Grenier and the Maison Besson ( 19th century). The Hôpital de la Croix dates from around 1720.

In addition, Baume- les -Dames has three museums: In Écomusée of Pipes Ropp workshops and tools for the production of pipes (at the time of the late 19th century ) can be seen. The Musée des Sires de Neufchastel is located in the same house from the 15th century. The silk weaving around 1830 is shown at the Musée des canuts.

Outside of Baume- les -Dames, the Gothic church of Cour- les -Baume is worth seeing, which was built in the 14th century. A restoration and transformation took place in the 18th century. The internal design is one rich collection of furniture from the 13th to the 15th century.

Population

With 5290 inhabitants ( 1 January 2011) Baume- les -Dames belongs to the medium-sized municipalities in the department of Doubs. In the second half of the 19th century, the population moved always in the range of around 2700 people and then rose to 1911 on 3326 inhabitants. A slight decrease in population in the first half of the 20th century was followed in particular during the 1960s and 70s, a significant growth. With nearly 5600 inhabitants mid-70s the previous high was reached. This was followed again a slight decrease of over 5%, which was 1990, however, followed by a rising trend again.

Economy and infrastructure

Baume- les -Dames was early on a predominantly embossed through trade and commercial town in which the products of the agricultural hinterland were processed and sold. Today, Baume- les -Dames is a small town about halfway between Besançon and Montbeliard, has a well-developed infrastructure, and thus performs central functions for the surrounding area.

Since the 1970s, commercial and industrial zones were created on the outskirts of the valley widening the south and southwest of the town. Another inter-municipal industrial zone (along with Autechaux ) is in the area to the highway under construction. In Baume- les -Dames many different industries are represented: printing and production of book covers, Kitchen cabinets, furniture, packaging and chemical industry, electronics, woodworking, construction and transportation industry, automotive industry and precision engineering. Many other jobs are in the tertiary sector, in two supermarkets, numerous retail stores, in hotels and restaurants and in the administration, in the banking and insurance. Baume- les -Dames is the administrative seat of the municipal association Communauté de communes du Pays Baumois.

The city has a hospital, a College, a vocational school and a medical- educational institute.

Baume- les -Dames has good transport links. It lies on the main road N83, which runs from Besançon to Montbéliard. The nearest links to the A36 motorway, which runs through the municipality, is located at a distance of about 4 km. More about regional road links exist with Valdahon and Villersexel. Baume- les -Dames has a station on the railway line Dole - Besançon - Belfort.

Rock climbing

In the vicinity of Baume- les -Dames, a climbing area is with about 400 routes in almost all levels of difficulty. The routes are secured perfectly in the majority, but there are also individual Clean climbing routes.